Transglutaminase 2 maintains a colorectal cancer stem phenotype by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition Article Swipe
Oluseyi Ayinde
,
Zejing Wang
,
Giulia Pinton
,
Laura Moro
,
Martin Griffin
·
YOU?
·
· 2019
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27062
YOU?
·
· 2019
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27062
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2), a multifunctional protein, is reported in regulating the cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype in various cancers. Our previous work suggested the link between TG2 and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in colorectal cancer (CRC). Here we demonstrate the importance of TG2 in CSC development in human CRC cell lines HCT116 and SW620. CRC spheroid cells showed increased CSC characteristics over their monolayer cells with increased expression of CD44 and over expression of Oct3/4, Sox2 and Nanog. They also showed increased EMT and invasiveness, and enhanced expression of TG2. TG2 inhibition by its selective inhibitor 1-155 reduced both spheroid formation and invasive potential of the spheroid cells. β-catenin, a mediator of stem cell maintenance, was overexpressed in the spheroid cells and could be attenuated by TG2 inhibition. Spheroid cells possessed increased angiogenesis stimulating ability via overexpression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF). Increased VEGF was present in the culture media from spheroid cells when compared to monolayer cultures which could be reduced by selective inhibition by 1-155. Stemness and malignancy in the colorectal spheroid cells was associated with increased TG2, EMT, β-catenin and VEGF. Here we demonstrate that inhibiting TG2 reduces both stemness and angiogenic stimulating activity in CRC.
Related Topics
Concepts
Homeobox protein NANOG
CD44
Spheroid
Cancer stem cell
Cancer research
SOX2
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition
Stem cell
Angiogenesis
Colorectal cancer
Metastasis
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule
KLF4
Biology
Stem cell marker
Cell biology
Cell culture
Cell
Cancer
Medicine
Embryonic stem cell
Induced pluripotent stem cell
Internal medicine
Cell adhesion molecule
Biochemistry
Gene
Genetics
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27062
- https://www.oncotarget.com/article/27062/pdf/
- OA Status
- diamond
- Cited By
- 15
- References
- 45
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W2966734410
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W2966734410Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27062Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Transglutaminase 2 maintains a colorectal cancer stem phenotype by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transitionWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2019Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2019-07-16Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Oluseyi Ayinde, Zejing Wang, Giulia Pinton, Laura Moro, Martin GriffinList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27062Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.oncotarget.com/article/27062/pdf/Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
diamondOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.oncotarget.com/article/27062/pdf/Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Homeobox protein NANOG, CD44, Spheroid, Cancer stem cell, Cancer research, SOX2, Epithelial–mesenchymal transition, Stem cell, Angiogenesis, Colorectal cancer, Metastasis, Epithelial cell adhesion molecule, KLF4, Biology, Stem cell marker, Cell biology, Cell culture, Cell, Cancer, Medicine, Embryonic stem cell, Induced pluripotent stem cell, Internal medicine, Cell adhesion molecule, Biochemistry, Gene, GeneticsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
15Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 1, 2024: 4, 2023: 4, 2021: 2, 2020: 3Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
45Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W2966734410 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27062 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27062 |
| ids.mag | 2966734410 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31360304 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W2966734410 |
| fwci | 1.23147587 |
| type | article |
| title | Transglutaminase 2 maintains a colorectal cancer stem phenotype by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition |
| biblio.issue | 44 |
| biblio.volume | 10 |
| biblio.last_page | 4569 |
| biblio.first_page | 4556 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T11721 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[0].score | 0.9959999918937683 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2740 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine |
| topics[0].display_name | Blood properties and coagulation |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10336 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[1].score | 0.9886999726295471 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2730 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Oncology |
| topics[1].display_name | Cancer Cells and Metastasis |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T12065 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology |
| topics[2].score | 0.9851999878883362 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1307 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Cell Biology |
| topics[2].display_name | Hippo pathway signaling and YAP/TAZ |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list | |
| apc_paid | |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C207701140 |
| concepts[0].level | 5 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.7277472615242004 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420522 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Homeobox protein NANOG |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C2780932548 |
| concepts[1].level | 3 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.710752010345459 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056532 |
| concepts[1].display_name | CD44 |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C175369904 |
| concepts[2].level | 3 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6925211548805237 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208395 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Spheroid |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C55427017 |
| concepts[3].level | 3 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.65106201171875 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1638475 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Cancer stem cell |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C502942594 |
| concepts[4].level | 1 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.6476530432701111 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Cancer research |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C2777933648 |
| concepts[5].level | 4 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.624117910861969 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21114866 |
| concepts[5].display_name | SOX2 |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C76419328 |
| concepts[6].level | 4 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.5959856510162354 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74419 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Epithelial–mesenchymal transition |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C28328180 |
| concepts[7].level | 2 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.5533068180084229 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48196 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Stem cell |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C2780394083 |
| concepts[8].level | 2 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.5397226810455322 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q539568 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Angiogenesis |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C526805850 |
| concepts[9].level | 3 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.47612980008125305 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188874 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Colorectal cancer |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C2779013556 |
| concepts[10].level | 3 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.4627227187156677 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181876 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Metastasis |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C2776677690 |
| concepts[11].level | 3 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.45793581008911133 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5383694 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Epithelial cell adhesion molecule |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C2778265714 |
| concepts[12].level | 5 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.4455380141735077 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18033993 |
| concepts[12].display_name | KLF4 |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C86803240 |
| concepts[13].level | 0 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.4217678904533386 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Biology |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C136302470 |
| concepts[14].level | 3 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.4188222885131836 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7607299 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Stem cell marker |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C95444343 |
| concepts[15].level | 1 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.4119390845298767 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Cell biology |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C81885089 |
| concepts[16].level | 2 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.3818226456642151 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189082 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Cell culture |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C1491633281 |
| concepts[17].level | 2 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.31315717101097107 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868 |
| concepts[17].display_name | Cell |
| concepts[18].id | https://openalex.org/C121608353 |
| concepts[18].level | 2 |
| concepts[18].score | 0.2994071841239929 |
| concepts[18].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078 |
| concepts[18].display_name | Cancer |
| concepts[19].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[19].level | 0 |
| concepts[19].score | 0.28912192583084106 |
| concepts[19].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[19].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[20].id | https://openalex.org/C145103041 |
| concepts[20].level | 3 |
| concepts[20].score | 0.16314849257469177 |
| concepts[20].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151519 |
| concepts[20].display_name | Embryonic stem cell |
| concepts[21].id | https://openalex.org/C107459253 |
| concepts[21].level | 4 |
| concepts[21].score | 0.15690985321998596 |
| concepts[21].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q674925 |
| concepts[21].display_name | Induced pluripotent stem cell |
| concepts[22].id | https://openalex.org/C126322002 |
| concepts[22].level | 1 |
| concepts[22].score | 0.13584497570991516 |
| concepts[22].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180 |
| concepts[22].display_name | Internal medicine |
| concepts[23].id | https://openalex.org/C16224149 |
| concepts[23].level | 2 |
| concepts[23].score | 0.12670788168907166 |
| concepts[23].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187637 |
| concepts[23].display_name | Cell adhesion molecule |
| concepts[24].id | https://openalex.org/C55493867 |
| concepts[24].level | 1 |
| concepts[24].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[24].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094 |
| concepts[24].display_name | Biochemistry |
| concepts[25].id | https://openalex.org/C104317684 |
| concepts[25].level | 2 |
| concepts[25].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[25].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187 |
| concepts[25].display_name | Gene |
| concepts[26].id | https://openalex.org/C54355233 |
| concepts[26].level | 1 |
| concepts[26].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[26].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162 |
| concepts[26].display_name | Genetics |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/homeobox-protein-nanog |
| keywords[0].score | 0.7277472615242004 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Homeobox protein NANOG |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cd44 |
| keywords[1].score | 0.710752010345459 |
| keywords[1].display_name | CD44 |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/spheroid |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6925211548805237 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Spheroid |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-stem-cell |
| keywords[3].score | 0.65106201171875 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Cancer stem cell |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-research |
| keywords[4].score | 0.6476530432701111 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Cancer research |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/sox2 |
| keywords[5].score | 0.624117910861969 |
| keywords[5].display_name | SOX2 |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/epithelial–mesenchymal-transition |
| keywords[6].score | 0.5959856510162354 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Epithelial–mesenchymal transition |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/stem-cell |
| keywords[7].score | 0.5533068180084229 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Stem cell |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/angiogenesis |
| keywords[8].score | 0.5397226810455322 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Angiogenesis |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/colorectal-cancer |
| keywords[9].score | 0.47612980008125305 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Colorectal cancer |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/metastasis |
| keywords[10].score | 0.4627227187156677 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Metastasis |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/epithelial-cell-adhesion-molecule |
| keywords[11].score | 0.45793581008911133 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Epithelial cell adhesion molecule |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/klf4 |
| keywords[12].score | 0.4455380141735077 |
| keywords[12].display_name | KLF4 |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/biology |
| keywords[13].score | 0.4217678904533386 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Biology |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/stem-cell-marker |
| keywords[14].score | 0.4188222885131836 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Stem cell marker |
| keywords[15].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-biology |
| keywords[15].score | 0.4119390845298767 |
| keywords[15].display_name | Cell biology |
| keywords[16].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-culture |
| keywords[16].score | 0.3818226456642151 |
| keywords[16].display_name | Cell culture |
| keywords[17].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cell |
| keywords[17].score | 0.31315717101097107 |
| keywords[17].display_name | Cell |
| keywords[18].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer |
| keywords[18].score | 0.2994071841239929 |
| keywords[18].display_name | Cancer |
| keywords[19].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[19].score | 0.28912192583084106 |
| keywords[19].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[20].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/embryonic-stem-cell |
| keywords[20].score | 0.16314849257469177 |
| keywords[20].display_name | Embryonic stem cell |
| keywords[21].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/induced-pluripotent-stem-cell |
| keywords[21].score | 0.15690985321998596 |
| keywords[21].display_name | Induced pluripotent stem cell |
| keywords[22].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine |
| keywords[22].score | 0.13584497570991516 |
| keywords[22].display_name | Internal medicine |
| keywords[23].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-adhesion-molecule |
| keywords[23].score | 0.12670788168907166 |
| keywords[23].display_name | Cell adhesion molecule |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.18632/oncotarget.27062 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S126644158 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 1949-2553 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 1949-2553 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Oncotarget |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310316297 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Impact Journals LLC |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310316297 |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://www.oncotarget.com/article/27062/pdf/ |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Oncotarget |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27062 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:31360304 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Oncotarget |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31360304 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6642042 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[2].license | cc-by |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | Text |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | Oncotarget |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6642042 |
| indexed_in | crossref, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5043391541 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2097-8949 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Oluseyi Ayinde |
| authorships[0].countries | GB |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I169199633 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Biology and Biomedical Science, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I169199633 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05j0ve876 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I169199633 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Aston University |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Oluseyi Ayinde |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Biology and Biomedical Science, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5048727814 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2212-8318 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Zejing Wang |
| authorships[1].countries | GB |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I169199633 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Biology and Biomedical Science, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I169199633 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05j0ve876 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I169199633 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Aston University |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Zhuo Wang |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Biology and Biomedical Science, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5085799356 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0496-0378 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Giulia Pinton |
| authorships[2].countries | IT |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I123338534 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale, Novara 28100, Italy |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I123338534 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04387x656 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I123338534 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | IT |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro” |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Giulia Pinton |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale, Novara 28100, Italy |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5019310092 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-2522 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Laura Moro |
| authorships[3].countries | IT |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I123338534 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale, Novara 28100, Italy |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I123338534 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04387x656 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I123338534 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | IT |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro” |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Laura Moro |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale, Novara 28100, Italy |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5072962526 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3824-306X |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Martin Griffin |
| authorships[4].countries | GB |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I169199633 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Biology and Biomedical Science, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I169199633 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/05j0ve876 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I169199633 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | Aston University |
| authorships[4].author_position | last |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Martin Griffin |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Biology and Biomedical Science, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://www.oncotarget.com/article/27062/pdf/ |
| open_access.oa_status | diamond |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Transglutaminase 2 maintains a colorectal cancer stem phenotype by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T11721 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Medicine |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9959999918937683 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2740 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine |
| primary_topic.display_name | Blood properties and coagulation |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W4323566320, https://openalex.org/W2517286276, https://openalex.org/W1597633061, https://openalex.org/W4313471925, https://openalex.org/W2963000833, https://openalex.org/W2602092987, https://openalex.org/W2083646121, https://openalex.org/W4224217246, https://openalex.org/W3119363889, https://openalex.org/W4249047955 |
| cited_by_count | 15 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[3].year | 2021 |
| counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[4].year | 2020 |
| counts_by_year[4].cited_by_count | 3 |
| counts_by_year[5].year | 2019 |
| counts_by_year[5].cited_by_count | 1 |
| locations_count | 3 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.18632/oncotarget.27062 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S126644158 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 1949-2553 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 1949-2553 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Oncotarget |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310316297 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Impact Journals LLC |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310316297 |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://www.oncotarget.com/article/27062/pdf/ |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Oncotarget |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27062 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.18632/oncotarget.27062 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S126644158 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 1949-2553 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 1949-2553 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Oncotarget |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310316297 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Impact Journals LLC |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310316297 |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://www.oncotarget.com/article/27062/pdf/ |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Oncotarget |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27062 |
| publication_date | 2019-07-16 |
| publication_year | 2019 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2937054473, https://openalex.org/W1992119951, https://openalex.org/W2157313762, https://openalex.org/W2777795295, https://openalex.org/W1894783768, https://openalex.org/W2000317053, https://openalex.org/W2154589460, https://openalex.org/W2014691022, https://openalex.org/W2948368848, https://openalex.org/W2025712785, https://openalex.org/W2131236880, https://openalex.org/W2803251793, https://openalex.org/W2009213090, https://openalex.org/W2038390742, https://openalex.org/W2064044053, https://openalex.org/W2895583820, https://openalex.org/W2050946558, https://openalex.org/W2016407928, https://openalex.org/W2170176339, https://openalex.org/W2589926635, https://openalex.org/W2129644533, https://openalex.org/W2015894728, https://openalex.org/W2081205276, https://openalex.org/W1928799475, https://openalex.org/W1975918234, https://openalex.org/W2097831215, https://openalex.org/W1986709105, https://openalex.org/W2785852244, https://openalex.org/W1964405387, https://openalex.org/W2042198997, https://openalex.org/W1852463684, https://openalex.org/W2118915702, https://openalex.org/W1846469697, https://openalex.org/W1862015311, https://openalex.org/W2792582780, https://openalex.org/W2070746836, https://openalex.org/W2009578813, https://openalex.org/W2109069210, https://openalex.org/W2553330024, https://openalex.org/W2396550862, https://openalex.org/W2133094954, https://openalex.org/W2150794074, https://openalex.org/W1987623210, https://openalex.org/W1995528895, https://openalex.org/W2063937691 |
| referenced_works_count | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2 | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 3, 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 122, 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 91, 124, 162, 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 8, 16, 31, 42, 45, 116, 146, 170, 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 40, 67, 72, 87, 103, 110, 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.we | 36, 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.CRC | 47, 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.CSC | 43, 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.EMT | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Our | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.TG2 | 26, 41, 89, 125, 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 27, 51, 69, 75, 82, 84, 100, 120, 168, 182, 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.its | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 10, 23, 38, 104, 117, 147, 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.via | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 114, 144, 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.CD44 | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.CRC. | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.EMT, | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Here | 35, 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Sox2 | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.TG2, | 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.TG2. | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.They | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.VEGF | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.also | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.both | 97, 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cell | 13, 48, 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.link | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.over | 60, 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stem | 12, 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.when | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 64, 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.work | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(CSC) | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(EMT) | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1-155 | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.VEGF. | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cells | 55, 63, 119, 128, 152, 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.could | 121, 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.human | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lines | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.media | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.their | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(CRC). | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(TG2), | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1-155. | 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Factor | 140 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Growth | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.HCT116 | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Nanog. | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.SW620. | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cancer | 11, 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cells. | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.showed | 56, 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(VEGF). | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Oct3/4, | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.ability | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.between | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.culture | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.present | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reduced | 96, 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reduces | 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.various | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Spheroid | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Stemness | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Vascular | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.activity | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cancers. | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.compared | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cultures | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.enhanced | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.invasive | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mediator | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.previous | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.protein, | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reported | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.spheroid | 54, 98, 105, 118, 151, 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stemness | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Increased | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.formation | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.increased | 57, 65, 80, 130, 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inhibitor | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.monolayer | 62, 156 |
| abstract_inverted_index.phenotype | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.possessed | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.potential | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.selective | 93, 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.suggested | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Transition | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.angiogenic | 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associated | 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.attenuated | 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.colorectal | 32, 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.expression | 66, 71, 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.importance | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inhibiting | 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inhibition | 90, 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.malignancy | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.regulating | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.β-catenin | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Endothelial | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demonstrate | 37, 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.development | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.inhibition. | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stimulating | 132, 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.β-catenin, | 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.angiogenesis | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.maintenance, | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.invasiveness, | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.overexpressed | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.overexpression | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.characteristics | 59 |
| abstract_inverted_index.multifunctional | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Transglutaminase | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Epithelial-Mesenchymal | 28 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 98 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 90 |
| countries_distinct_count | 2 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 5 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.5099999904632568 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Good health and well-being |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.79001489 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |