Unclonable Anti‐Counterfeiting Labels Based on Microlens Arrays and Luminescent Microparticles Article Swipe
Vinay Kumar
,
Stephan Dottermusch
,
Ngei Katumo
,
Aditya Chauhan
,
Bryce S. Richards
,
Ian A. Howard
·
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202102402
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202102402
Micron‐scale randomness during manufacturing can create unique and unclonable anti‐counterfeiting labels. The security of such labels typically comes at the expense of complex hardware being required for authentication. This work demonstrates unclonable labels that can be authenticated using simple hardware such as a standard light‐emitting diode and smartphone camera. These labels consist of a microlens array laminated to a luminescent‐microparticle‐doped polymer film, and thereby present a new method of making microscopic particle distributions visible on the macroscopic scale. The current novel design offers two significant practical advantages: 1) use of an incoherent source; and 2) authentication independent of the detector position. A comparison of 100 test images against 100 different reference images (total of 10,000 comparisons out of which 100 should authenticate and 9900 should not), demonstrates that authentication is robust with an estimated probability of a false positive on the order of 10 −15 . Finally, a proof‐of‐concept is demonstrated through successful authentication of a label by a single smartphone, simultaneously providing both excitation and detection on the front side of the label.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202102402
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 16
- References
- 33
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W3179944954
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W3179944954Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202102402Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Unclonable Anti‐Counterfeiting Labels Based on Microlens Arrays and Luminescent MicroparticlesWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2022Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2022-03-17Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Vinay Kumar, Stephan Dottermusch, Ngei Katumo, Aditya Chauhan, Bryce S. Richards, Ian A. HowardList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202102402Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202102402Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Microlens, Materials science, Luminescence, Nanotechnology, Aggregation-induced emission, Optoelectronics, Optics, Lens (geology), Fluorescence, PhysicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
16Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 4, 2024: 7, 2023: 4, 2022: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
33Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W3179944954 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202102402 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202102402 |
| ids.mag | 3179944954 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W3179944954 |
| fwci | 3.56667583 |
| type | article |
| title | Unclonable Anti‐Counterfeiting Labels Based on Microlens Arrays and Luminescent Microparticles |
| biblio.issue | 9 |
| biblio.volume | 10 |
| biblio.last_page | |
| biblio.first_page | |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T12122 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/17 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Computer Science |
| topics[0].score | 0.9990000128746033 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1708 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Hardware and Architecture |
| topics[0].display_name | Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T12561 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology |
| topics[1].score | 0.974399983882904 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1312 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Molecular Biology |
| topics[1].display_name | bioluminescence and chemiluminescence research |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T11190 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/22 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Engineering |
| topics[2].score | 0.955299973487854 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2204 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Biomedical Engineering |
| topics[2].display_name | 3D Printing in Biomedical Research |
| funders[0].id | https://openalex.org/F4320320876 |
| funders[0].ror | https://ror.org/0281dp749 |
| funders[0].display_name | Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 4430 |
| apc_list.currency | USD |
| apc_list.value_usd | 4430 |
| apc_paid.value | 4430 |
| apc_paid.currency | USD |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 4430 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C192560794 |
| concepts[0].level | 3 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.9098695516586304 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500199 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Microlens |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C192562407 |
| concepts[1].level | 0 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.8384914398193359 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Materials science |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C148869448 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.6475771069526672 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184240 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Luminescence |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C171250308 |
| concepts[3].level | 1 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5430192351341248 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Nanotechnology |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C2778987444 |
| concepts[4].level | 3 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.41648441553115845 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25111397 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Aggregation-induced emission |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C49040817 |
| concepts[5].level | 1 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.38367828726768494 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Optoelectronics |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C120665830 |
| concepts[6].level | 1 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.23067358136177063 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Optics |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C15336307 |
| concepts[7].level | 2 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.16465377807617188 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766051 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Lens (geology) |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C91881484 |
| concepts[8].level | 2 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.12926653027534485 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191807 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Fluorescence |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C121332964 |
| concepts[9].level | 0 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Physics |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/microlens |
| keywords[0].score | 0.9098695516586304 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Microlens |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science |
| keywords[1].score | 0.8384914398193359 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Materials science |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/luminescence |
| keywords[2].score | 0.6475771069526672 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Luminescence |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5430192351341248 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Nanotechnology |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregation-induced-emission |
| keywords[4].score | 0.41648441553115845 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Aggregation-induced emission |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics |
| keywords[5].score | 0.38367828726768494 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Optoelectronics |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/optics |
| keywords[6].score | 0.23067358136177063 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Optics |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/lens |
| keywords[7].score | 0.16465377807617188 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Lens (geology) |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/fluorescence |
| keywords[8].score | 0.12926653027534485 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Fluorescence |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.1002/adom.202102402 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S108229257 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 2195-1071 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 2195-1071 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Advanced Optical Materials |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320595 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Wiley |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320595 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Wiley |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Advanced Optical Materials |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202102402 |
| locations[1].id | pmh:oai:EVASTAR-Karlsruhe.de:1000144178 |
| locations[1].is_oa | True |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401992 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | Repository KITopen (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology) |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I102335020 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | Karlsruhe Institute of Technology |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I102335020 |
| locations[1].license | cc-by |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | doc-type:article |
| locations[1].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Advanced Optical Materials, 10 (9), Art.-Nr.: 2102402 |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000144178 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2107.05439 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400194 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | arXiv (Cornell University) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I205783295 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | Cornell University |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I205783295 |
| locations[2].license | |
| locations[2].pdf_url | https://arxiv.org/pdf/2107.05439 |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | text |
| locations[2].license_id | |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | http://arxiv.org/abs/2107.05439 |
| locations[3].id | doi:10.5445/ir/1000144178 |
| locations[3].is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.id | https://openalex.org/S7407052948 |
| locations[3].source.type | repository |
| locations[3].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[3].source.issn_l | |
| locations[3].source.is_core | False |
| locations[3].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[3].source.display_name | KITopen |
| locations[3].source.host_organization | |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[3].license | cc-by |
| locations[3].pdf_url | |
| locations[3].version | |
| locations[3].raw_type | article-journal |
| locations[3].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[3].is_accepted | False |
| locations[3].is_published | |
| locations[3].raw_source_name | |
| locations[3].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000144178 |
| indexed_in | arxiv, crossref, datacite |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5101955613 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-8690 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Vinay Kumar |
| authorships[0].countries | DE |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I102335020 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I102335020 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04t3en479 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I102335020, https://openalex.org/I1305996414 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | Karlsruhe Institute of Technology |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Vinay Kumar |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5056770034 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8632-4847 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Stephan Dottermusch |
| authorships[1].countries | DE |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I102335020 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I102335020 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04t3en479 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I102335020, https://openalex.org/I1305996414 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | Karlsruhe Institute of Technology |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Stephan Dottermusch |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5043412118 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1106-4996 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Ngei Katumo |
| authorships[2].countries | DE |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I102335020 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I102335020 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04t3en479 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I102335020, https://openalex.org/I1305996414 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | Karlsruhe Institute of Technology |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Ngei Katumo |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5037713214 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7287-3922 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Aditya Chauhan |
| authorships[3].countries | DE |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I102335020 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I102335020 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04t3en479 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I102335020, https://openalex.org/I1305996414 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | Karlsruhe Institute of Technology |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Aditya Chauhan |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5088556109 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5469-048X |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Bryce S. Richards |
| authorships[4].countries | DE |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I102335020 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 13, Karlsruhe, 76131 Germany |
| authorships[4].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I102335020 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I102335020 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04t3en479 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I102335020, https://openalex.org/I1305996414 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | Karlsruhe Institute of Technology |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Bryce S. Richards |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany, Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 13, Karlsruhe, 76131 Germany |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5027101906 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7327-7356 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Ian A. Howard |
| authorships[5].countries | DE |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I102335020 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 13, Karlsruhe, 76131 Germany |
| authorships[5].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I102335020 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I102335020 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04t3en479 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I102335020, https://openalex.org/I1305996414 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | DE |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | Karlsruhe Institute of Technology |
| authorships[5].author_position | last |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Ian A. Howard |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany, Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 13, Karlsruhe, 76131 Germany |
| has_content.pdf | False |
| has_content.grobid_xml | False |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202102402 |
| open_access.oa_status | hybrid |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Unclonable Anti‐Counterfeiting Labels Based on Microlens Arrays and Luminescent Microparticles |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T12122 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/17 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Computer Science |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9990000128746033 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1708 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Hardware and Architecture |
| primary_topic.display_name | Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2359642816, https://openalex.org/W1987221981, https://openalex.org/W1967373212, https://openalex.org/W2135211201, https://openalex.org/W2358517365, https://openalex.org/W3038508280, https://openalex.org/W2080612885, https://openalex.org/W2791713863, https://openalex.org/W827642593, https://openalex.org/W2272648976 |
| cited_by_count | 16 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 7 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[3].year | 2022 |
| counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count | 1 |
| locations_count | 4 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.1002/adom.202102402 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S108229257 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 2195-1071 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | False |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 2195-1071 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Advanced Optical Materials |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320595 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Wiley |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320595 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Wiley |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Advanced Optical Materials |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202102402 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.1002/adom.202102402 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S108229257 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 2195-1071 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | False |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 2195-1071 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Advanced Optical Materials |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310320595 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Wiley |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310320595 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Wiley |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Advanced Optical Materials |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202102402 |
| publication_date | 2022-03-17 |
| publication_year | 2022 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2046468032, https://openalex.org/W3002885741, https://openalex.org/W2125119421, https://openalex.org/W2604649118, https://openalex.org/W2785853825, https://openalex.org/W2169212403, https://openalex.org/W2953882199, https://openalex.org/W2465567107, https://openalex.org/W1998012785, https://openalex.org/W2994796828, https://openalex.org/W2805810042, https://openalex.org/W2737033368, https://openalex.org/W2803056468, https://openalex.org/W2040809301, https://openalex.org/W2026731300, https://openalex.org/W2316515131, https://openalex.org/W2275378892, https://openalex.org/W2948499084, https://openalex.org/W2999605030, https://openalex.org/W2910284721, https://openalex.org/W4200382127, https://openalex.org/W3126363025, https://openalex.org/W3130884800, https://openalex.org/W3175707918, https://openalex.org/W2013173622, https://openalex.org/W3044413397, https://openalex.org/W2072459484, https://openalex.org/W2118902001, https://openalex.org/W2144071905, https://openalex.org/W4206745445, https://openalex.org/W3197905185, https://openalex.org/W2990079527, https://openalex.org/W1992665715 |
| referenced_works_count | 33 |
| abstract_inverted_index.. | 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.A | 102 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 43, 54, 59, 66, 137, 148, 156, 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.1) | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.10 | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2) | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.an | 91, 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.as | 42 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 130, 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 14, 22, 53, 69, 90, 98, 104, 114, 118, 136, 143, 155, 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 75, 140, 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.100 | 105, 109, 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 12, 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 8, 47, 63, 94, 123, 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 5, 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.new | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.out | 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 20, 76, 99, 141, 169, 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.two | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.use | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.9900 | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.This | 29 |
| abstract_inverted_index.both | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.side | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.such | 15, 41 |
| abstract_inverted_index.test | 106 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 34, 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.work | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.These | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.array | 56 |
| abstract_inverted_index.being | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comes | 18 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diode | 46 |
| abstract_inverted_index.false | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.film, | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.front | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.label | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.not), | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.novel | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.order | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.using | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.−15 | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(total | 113 |
| abstract_inverted_index.10,000 | 115 |
| abstract_inverted_index.create | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.design | 82 |
| abstract_inverted_index.during | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.images | 107, 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.label. | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.labels | 16, 33, 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.making | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.method | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.offers | 83 |
| abstract_inverted_index.robust | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.scale. | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.should | 121, 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simple | 39 |
| abstract_inverted_index.single | 160 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unique | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.against | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.camera. | 49 |
| abstract_inverted_index.complex | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consist | 52 |
| abstract_inverted_index.current | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.expense | 21 |
| abstract_inverted_index.labels. | 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.polymer | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.present | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.source; | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.thereby | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.through | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.visible | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Abstract | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Finally, | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.detector | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.hardware | 24, 40 |
| abstract_inverted_index.particle | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.positive | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.required | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.security | 13 |
| abstract_inverted_index.standard | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.detection | 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.different | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.estimated | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.laminated | 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.microlens | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.position. | 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.practical | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.providing | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reference | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.typically | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comparison | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.excitation | 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.incoherent | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.randomness | 2 |
| abstract_inverted_index.smartphone | 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.successful | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.unclonable | 9, 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.advantages: | 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.comparisons | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.independent | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.macroscopic | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.microscopic | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.probability | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.significant | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.smartphone, | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.authenticate | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demonstrated | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.demonstrates | 31, 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.authenticated | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.distributions | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.manufacturing | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Micron‐scale | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.authentication | 96, 129, 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.simultaneously | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.authentication. | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.light‐emitting | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.proof‐of‐concept | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.anti‐counterfeiting | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.luminescent‐microparticle‐doped | 60 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 99 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 89 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5027101906 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 6 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I102335020 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.94193198 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |