Unfolding the Mystery of Autoimmunity: The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) Study Article Swipe

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Marian Rewers , Daniel Agardh , Suzanne Bennett Johnson , Ezio Bonifacio , Helena Elding Larsson , Patricia Gesualdo , William Hagopian , Michael J. Haller , Heikki Hyöty , Randi K. Johnson , Richard McIndoe , Eoin McKinney , Jessica Melin , Åke Lernmark , Richard E. Lloyd , Kristian Lynch , Jill M. Norris , Stephen S. Rich , Roswith Roth , Desmond Schatz , Jorma Toppari , Eric W. Triplett , Kendra Vehik , Suvi Μ. Virtanen , Anette‐Gabriele Ziegler , Beena Akolkar , Jeffrey P. Krischer , Marian Rewers , Kimberly Bautista , Judith Baxter , Daniel Felipe-Morales , Brigitte I. Frohnert , Marisa Stahl , Patricia Gesualdo , Michelle Hoffman , Randi K. Johnson , Rachel Karban , Edwin Liu , Jill Norris , Holly O’Donnell , Andrea K. Steck , Kathleen Waugh , Jorma Toppari , Olli Simell , Annika Adamsson , Suvi Ahonen , Iris Erlund , Sirpa Anttila , Leena Hakola , Sanni Heikura , Heikki Hyöty , Jorma Ilonen , Saori Itoshima , Sanna Jokipuu , Taru Karjalainen , Leena Eklund Karlsson , Pieta Kemppainen , Jukka Kero , Marika Korpela , Jaakko J. Koskenniemi , Miia Kähönen , Mikael Knip , Minna-Liisa Koivikko , Katja Kokkonen , Merja Koskinen , Mirva Koreasalo , Kalle Kurppa , Salla Kuusela , Jarita Kytölä , Jutta E. Laiho , Tiina Latva-aho , Siiri Leisku , Laura Leppänen , Katri Lindfors , Maria Lönnrot , Elina Mäntymäki , Markus Mattila , Maija E. Miettinen , Teija Mykkänen , Tiina Niininen , Sari Niinistö , Noora Nurminen , Sami Oikarinen , Hanna-Leena Oinas , Paula Ollikainen , Zhian Othmani , Sirpa Pohjola , Jenna Rautanen , M. F. Rein , Minna Romo , Juulia Rönkä , Nelli Rönkä , Noora Ruotsalainen , Satu Simell , Päivi Tossavainen , Mari Vähä-Mäkilä , Eeva Varjonen , Riitta Veijola , Irene Viinikangas , Suvi Μ. Virtanen ·

YOU? · · 2025 · Open Access · · DOI: https://doi.org/10.2337/dc24-2886

In 2025, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) at the National Institutes of Health celebrates 75 years of leadership in diabetes research. The NIDDK serves people of the U.S. affected by or at risk for many chronic diseases, including diabetes and other endocrine, metabolic, and digestive disorders, by funding innovative research to develop better treatment and prevention and a cure for these conditions. Autoimmunity that leads to type 1 diabetes or celiac disease or thyroid autoimmunity affects 1 in 20 children and adolescents in the U.S. While treatments are available, prevention of these common autoimmune diseases has been elusive due to poor understanding of the environmental causes and their interactions with common predisposing or protective genetic variants. In 2002, the NIDDK established The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) consortium to advance understanding of the causes and the natural history of type 1 diabetes and other autoimmune diseases. The overarching goal of TEDDY is to inform novel approaches to primary prevention of autoimmunity. In this large international prospective birth cohort study, standardized information has been collected concerning candidate environmental exposures along with serial blood, stool, nasal swab, and other biosamples, with creation of a central repository of data and biologic samples for hypothesis-based research. This review summarizes TEDDY’s major contributions to our understanding of environmental triggers, drivers, and modifiers of autoimmunity, and gene-environment interactions, leading to type 1 diabetes.

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Medicine Autoimmunity Diabetes mellitus Immunology Endocrinology Antibody

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Type: review
Language: en
Landing Page: https://doi.org/10.2337/dc24-2886
PDF: https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article-pdf/doi/10.2337/dc24-2886/805498/dc242886.pdf
OA Status: bronze
Cited By: 2
References: 87
Related Works: 10
OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4409781921

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OpenAlex ID: https://openalex.org/W4409781921

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2337/dc24-2886

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Title: Unfolding the Mystery of Autoimmunity: The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) Study

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Type: review

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Language: en

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Publication year: 2025

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Publication date: 2025-04-24

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Authors: Marian Rewers, Daniel Agardh, Suzanne Bennett Johnson, Ezio Bonifacio, Helena Elding Larsson, Patricia Gesualdo, William Hagopian, Michael J. Haller, Heikki Hyöty, Randi K. Johnson, Richard McIndoe, Eoin McKinney, Jessica Melin, Åke Lernmark, Richard E. Lloyd, Kristian Lynch, Jill M. Norris, Stephen S. Rich, Roswith Roth, Desmond Schatz, Jorma Toppari, Eric W. Triplett, Kendra Vehik, Suvi Μ. Virtanen, Anette‐Gabriele Ziegler, Beena Akolkar, Jeffrey P. Krischer, Marian Rewers, Kimberly Bautista, Judith Baxter, Daniel Felipe-Morales, Brigitte I. Frohnert, Marisa Stahl, Patricia Gesualdo, Michelle Hoffman, Randi K. Johnson, Rachel Karban, Edwin Liu, Jill Norris, Holly O’Donnell, Andrea K. Steck, Kathleen Waugh, Jorma Toppari, Olli Simell, Annika Adamsson, Suvi Ahonen, Iris Erlund, Sirpa Anttila, Leena Hakola, Sanni Heikura, Heikki Hyöty, Jorma Ilonen, Saori Itoshima, Sanna Jokipuu, Taru Karjalainen, Leena Eklund Karlsson, Pieta Kemppainen, Jukka Kero, Marika Korpela, Jaakko J. Koskenniemi, Miia Kähönen, Mikael Knip, Minna-Liisa Koivikko, Katja Kokkonen, Merja Koskinen, Mirva Koreasalo, Kalle Kurppa, Salla Kuusela, Jarita Kytölä, Jutta E. Laiho, Tiina Latva-aho, Siiri Leisku, Laura Leppänen, Katri Lindfors, Maria Lönnrot, Elina Mäntymäki, Markus Mattila, Maija E. Miettinen, Teija Mykkänen, Tiina Niininen, Sari Niinistö, Noora Nurminen, Sami Oikarinen, Hanna-Leena Oinas, Paula Ollikainen, Zhian Othmani, Sirpa Pohjola, Jenna Rautanen, M. F. Rein, Minna Romo, Juulia Rönkä, Nelli Rönkä, Noora Ruotsalainen, Satu Simell, Päivi Tossavainen, Mari Vähä-Mäkilä, Eeva Varjonen, Riitta Veijola, Irene Viinikangas, Suvi Μ. Virtanen

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Landing page: https://doi.org/10.2337/dc24-2886

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PDF URL: https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article-pdf/doi/10.2337/dc24-2886/805498/dc242886.pdf

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OA status: bronze

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OA URL: https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article-pdf/doi/10.2337/dc24-2886/805498/dc242886.pdf

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Concepts: Medicine, Autoimmunity, Diabetes mellitus, Immunology, Endocrinology, Antibody

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Cited by: 2

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Citations by year (recent): 2025: 2

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References (count): 87

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Related works (count): 10

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abstract_inverted_index.disease	77
abstract_inverted_index.elusive	103
abstract_inverted_index.funding	53
abstract_inverted_index.genetic	120
abstract_inverted_index.history	146
abstract_inverted_index.leading	231
abstract_inverted_index.natural	145
abstract_inverted_index.primary	166
abstract_inverted_index.samples	207
abstract_inverted_index.thyroid	79
abstract_inverted_index.Diabetes	6, 131
abstract_inverted_index.Diseases	11
abstract_inverted_index.National	3, 15
abstract_inverted_index.affected	34
abstract_inverted_index.biologic	206
abstract_inverted_index.children	85
abstract_inverted_index.creation	198
abstract_inverted_index.diabetes	25, 44, 74, 150
abstract_inverted_index.diseases	100
abstract_inverted_index.drivers,	223
abstract_inverted_index.research	55
abstract_inverted_index.Digestive	8
abstract_inverted_index.Institute	4
abstract_inverted_index.TEDDY’s	214
abstract_inverted_index.candidate	184
abstract_inverted_index.collected	182
abstract_inverted_index.diabetes.	235
abstract_inverted_index.digestive	50
abstract_inverted_index.diseases,	42
abstract_inverted_index.diseases.	154
abstract_inverted_index.exposures	186
abstract_inverted_index.including	43
abstract_inverted_index.modifiers	225
abstract_inverted_index.research.	26, 210
abstract_inverted_index.treatment	59
abstract_inverted_index.triggers,	222
abstract_inverted_index.variants.	121
abstract_inverted_index.Institutes	16
abstract_inverted_index.approaches	164
abstract_inverted_index.autoimmune	99, 153
abstract_inverted_index.available,	94
abstract_inverted_index.celebrates	19
abstract_inverted_index.concerning	183
abstract_inverted_index.consortium	136
abstract_inverted_index.disorders,	51
abstract_inverted_index.endocrine,	47
abstract_inverted_index.innovative	54
abstract_inverted_index.leadership	23
abstract_inverted_index.metabolic,	48
abstract_inverted_index.prevention	61, 95, 167
abstract_inverted_index.protective	119
abstract_inverted_index.repository	202
abstract_inverted_index.summarizes	213
abstract_inverted_index.treatments	92
abstract_inverted_index.adolescents	87
abstract_inverted_index.biosamples,	196
abstract_inverted_index.conditions.	67
abstract_inverted_index.established	126
abstract_inverted_index.information	179
abstract_inverted_index.overarching	156
abstract_inverted_index.prospective	174
abstract_inverted_index.Autoimmunity	68
abstract_inverted_index.Determinants	129
abstract_inverted_index.autoimmunity	80
abstract_inverted_index.interactions	114
abstract_inverted_index.predisposing	117
abstract_inverted_index.standardized	178
abstract_inverted_index.Environmental	128
abstract_inverted_index.autoimmunity,	227
abstract_inverted_index.autoimmunity.	169
abstract_inverted_index.contributions	216
abstract_inverted_index.environmental	110, 185, 221
abstract_inverted_index.interactions,	230
abstract_inverted_index.international	173
abstract_inverted_index.understanding	107, 139, 219
abstract_inverted_index.gene-environment	229
abstract_inverted_index.hypothesis-based	209
cited_by_percentile_year.max	97
cited_by_percentile_year.min	95
countries_distinct_count	6
institutions_distinct_count	380
citation_normalized_percentile.value	0.95196394
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent	False
citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent	True