Unlocking the potential of engineered microbes in immunotoxin-based cancer therapy Article Swipe
Quan Wang
,
Rui Cao
,
Yuan Xie
,
Zhuoyi Zhang
,
Xianguo Li
,
Yan Zhang
,
Haolin Luo
,
Hui Yao
,
Ping Xue
,
Shuai Ni
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1603671
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1603671
Immunotoxins (ITs), as targeted cancer therapies, confront limitations including off-target effects, immunogenicity, and inadequate tumor penetration, hindering clinical translation. Advances in tumor microenvironment (TME) understanding and genetic engineering have enabled engineered microorganisms such as attenuated Salmonella , E. coli Nissle 1917, and modified eukaryotic platforms (e.g., yeast, microalgae) to colonize tumors and act as efficient hosts for IT production. By integrating ITs into these microbes and employing precise circuits (e.g., phage lysis systems, signal peptide fusions), controlled secretion of recombinant immunotoxins (RITs) can be achieved. Balanced-lethal systems further enhance plasmid stability for sustained therapeutic delivery. This review highlights strategies leveraging engineered microbes to amplify IT efficacy, exemplified by preclinical successes like Salmonella -delivered TGFα-PE38 and E. coli -expressed anti-PD-L1-PE38. However, challenges persist, including dynamic TME interactions, systemic infection risks, manufacturing complexities and regulatory uncertainties demand resolution. By synergizing microbial targeting with RIT, this approach offers transformative potential for cancer therapy, yet requires multidisciplinary innovation to address technical, safety, and regulatory barriers for clinical adoption.
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Metadata
- Type
- review
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1603671
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1603671/pdf
- OA Status
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- References
- 77
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
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All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
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https://openalex.org/W4411064900Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1603671Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Unlocking the potential of engineered microbes in immunotoxin-based cancer therapyWork title
- Type
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reviewOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2025Year of publication
- Publication date
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2025-06-05Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Quan Wang, Rui Cao, Yuan Xie, Zhuoyi Zhang, Xianguo Li, Yan Zhang, Haolin Luo, Hui Yao, Ping Xue, Shuai NiList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1603671Publisher landing page
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https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1603671/pdfDirect link to full text PDF
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YesWhether a free full text is available
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1603671/pdfDirect OA link when available
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Immunotoxin, Biomanufacturing, Immunogenicity, Tumor microenvironment, Computational biology, Cancer research, Biology, Immune system, Biotechnology, Immunology, Tumor cells, Antibody, Monoclonal antibodyTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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0Total citation count in OpenAlex
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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