Use of U-Net Convolutional Neural Networks for Automated Segmentation of Fecal Material for Objective Evaluation of Bowel Preparation Quality in Colonoscopy Article Swipe
Yen‐Po Wang
,
Ying-Chun Jheng
,
Kuang‐Yi Sung
,
Hung-En Lin
,
I‐Fang Hsin
,
Ping‐Hsien Chen
,
Yuan-Chia Chu
,
David Lu
,
Yuan‐Jen Wang
,
Ming‐Chih Hou
,
Fa‐Yauh Lee
,
Ching‐Liang Lu
·
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030613
YOU?
·
· 2022
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030613
Background: Adequate bowel cleansing is important for colonoscopy performance evaluation. Current bowel cleansing evaluation scales are subjective, with a wide variation in consistency among physicians and low reported rates of accuracy. We aim to use machine learning to develop a fully automatic segmentation method for the objective evaluation of the adequacy of colon preparation. Methods: Colonoscopy videos were retrieved from a video data cohort and transferred to qualified images, which were randomly divided into training, validation, and verification datasets. The fecal residue was manually segmented. A deep learning model based on the U-Net convolutional network architecture was developed to perform automatic segmentation. The performance of the automatic segmentation was evaluated on the overlap area with the manual segmentation. Results: A total of 10,118 qualified images from 119 videos were obtained. The model averaged 0.3634 s to segmentate one image automatically. The models produced a strong high-overlap area with manual segmentation, with 94.7% ± 0.67% of that area predicted by our AI model, which correlated well with the area measured manually (r = 0.915, p < 0.001). The AI system can be applied in real-time qualitatively and quantitatively. Conclusions: We established a fully automatic segmentation method to rapidly and accurately mark the fecal residue-coated mucosa for the objective evaluation of colon preparation.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030613
- https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/3/613/pdf?version=1646184076
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 13
- References
- 53
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4214623706
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4214623706Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030613Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Use of U-Net Convolutional Neural Networks for Automated Segmentation of Fecal Material for Objective Evaluation of Bowel Preparation Quality in ColonoscopyWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2022Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2022-03-01Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Yen‐Po Wang, Ying-Chun Jheng, Kuang‐Yi Sung, Hung-En Lin, I‐Fang Hsin, Ping‐Hsien Chen, Yuan-Chia Chu, David Lu, Yuan‐Jen Wang, Ming‐Chih Hou, Fa‐Yauh Lee, Ching‐Liang LuList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030613Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/3/613/pdf?version=1646184076Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/3/613/pdf?version=1646184076Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Segmentation, Artificial intelligence, Computer science, Convolutional neural network, Colonoscopy, Consistency (knowledge bases), Image segmentation, Deep learning, Pattern recognition (psychology), Computer vision, Medicine, Colorectal cancer, Internal medicine, CancerTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
13Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 2, 2024: 5, 2023: 2, 2022: 4Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
53Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W4214623706 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030613 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030613 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35328166 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W4214623706 |
| fwci | 1.93654104 |
| type | article |
| title | Use of U-Net Convolutional Neural Networks for Automated Segmentation of Fecal Material for Objective Evaluation of Bowel Preparation Quality in Colonoscopy |
| awards[0].id | https://openalex.org/G4305415189 |
| awards[0].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320327358 |
| awards[0].display_name | |
| awards[0].funder_award_id | V108B-020, V109B-041, V1083-004-4, V109E-002-5, V110E-002-3 |
| awards[0].funder_display_name | Taipei Veterans General Hospital |
| biblio.issue | 3 |
| biblio.volume | 12 |
| biblio.last_page | 613 |
| biblio.first_page | 613 |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T10552 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[0].score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2730 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Oncology |
| topics[0].display_name | Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T10335 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[1].score | 0.9846000075340271 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2730 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Oncology |
| topics[1].display_name | Colorectal Cancer Surgical Treatments |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T10696 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[2].score | 0.978600025177002 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2740 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine |
| topics[2].display_name | Gastric Cancer Management and Outcomes |
| funders[0].id | https://openalex.org/F4320327358 |
| funders[0].ror | https://ror.org/03ymy8z76 |
| funders[0].display_name | Taipei Veterans General Hospital |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 2000 |
| apc_list.currency | CHF |
| apc_list.value_usd | 2165 |
| apc_paid.value | 2000 |
| apc_paid.currency | CHF |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 2165 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C89600930 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.7944871187210083 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Segmentation |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C154945302 |
| concepts[1].level | 1 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.7318388223648071 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Artificial intelligence |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C41008148 |
| concepts[2].level | 0 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.7302836179733276 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Computer science |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C81363708 |
| concepts[3].level | 2 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.6493046283721924 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Convolutional neural network |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C2778435480 |
| concepts[4].level | 4 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5222043395042419 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840387 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Colonoscopy |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C2776436953 |
| concepts[5].level | 2 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.4960504472255707 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Consistency (knowledge bases) |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C124504099 |
| concepts[6].level | 3 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.49182605743408203 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Image segmentation |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C108583219 |
| concepts[7].level | 2 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.4722541868686676 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Deep learning |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C153180895 |
| concepts[8].level | 2 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.46978798508644104 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Pattern recognition (psychology) |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C31972630 |
| concepts[9].level | 1 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.40185606479644775 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Computer vision |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[10].level | 0 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.17889174818992615 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C526805850 |
| concepts[11].level | 3 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.09359574317932129 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188874 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Colorectal cancer |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C126322002 |
| concepts[12].level | 1 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.06573718786239624 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Internal medicine |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C121608353 |
| concepts[13].level | 2 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Cancer |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation |
| keywords[0].score | 0.7944871187210083 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Segmentation |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence |
| keywords[1].score | 0.7318388223648071 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Artificial intelligence |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science |
| keywords[2].score | 0.7302836179733276 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Computer science |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network |
| keywords[3].score | 0.6493046283721924 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Convolutional neural network |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/colonoscopy |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5222043395042419 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Colonoscopy |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency |
| keywords[5].score | 0.4960504472255707 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Consistency (knowledge bases) |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation |
| keywords[6].score | 0.49182605743408203 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Image segmentation |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning |
| keywords[7].score | 0.4722541868686676 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Deep learning |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition |
| keywords[8].score | 0.46978798508644104 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Pattern recognition (psychology) |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision |
| keywords[9].score | 0.40185606479644775 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Computer vision |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[10].score | 0.17889174818992615 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/colorectal-cancer |
| keywords[11].score | 0.09359574317932129 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Colorectal cancer |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine |
| keywords[12].score | 0.06573718786239624 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Internal medicine |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.3390/diagnostics12030613 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4210172076 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 2075-4418 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 2075-4418 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | True |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Diagnostics |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/3/613/pdf?version=1646184076 |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Diagnostics |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030613 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:35328166 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35328166 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7df3eaeee0be4e61814d67b61d1c2403 |
| locations[2].is_oa | True |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401280 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | |
| locations[2].license | cc-by-sa |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | article |
| locations[2].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa |
| locations[2].is_accepted | False |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | Diagnostics, Vol 12, Iss 3, p 613 (2022) |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://doaj.org/article/7df3eaeee0be4e61814d67b61d1c2403 |
| locations[3].id | pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2075-4418/12/3/613/ |
| locations[3].is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400947 |
| locations[3].source.issn | |
| locations[3].source.type | repository |
| locations[3].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.issn_l | |
| locations[3].source.is_core | False |
| locations[3].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[3].source.display_name | MDPI (MDPI AG) |
| locations[3].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I4210097602 |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland) |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210097602 |
| locations[3].license | cc-by |
| locations[3].pdf_url | |
| locations[3].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[3].raw_type | Text |
| locations[3].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[3].is_accepted | False |
| locations[3].is_published | False |
| locations[3].raw_source_name | Diagnostics; Volume 12; Issue 3; Pages: 613 |
| locations[3].landing_page_url | https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030613 |
| locations[4].id | pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8947406 |
| locations[4].is_oa | True |
| locations[4].source.id | https://openalex.org/S2764455111 |
| locations[4].source.issn | |
| locations[4].source.type | repository |
| locations[4].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[4].source.issn_l | |
| locations[4].source.is_core | False |
| locations[4].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[4].source.display_name | PubMed Central |
| locations[4].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[4].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[4].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[4].license | other-oa |
| locations[4].pdf_url | |
| locations[4].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[4].raw_type | Text |
| locations[4].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[4].is_accepted | False |
| locations[4].is_published | False |
| locations[4].raw_source_name | Diagnostics (Basel) |
| locations[4].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8947406 |
| indexed_in | crossref, doaj, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5025513270 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3769-0020 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Yen‐Po Wang |
| authorships[0].countries | TW |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[0].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[0].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[0].affiliations[3].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[3].raw_affiliation_string | Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00se2k293 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | TW |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/03ymy8z76 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].country_code | TW |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].display_name | Taipei Veterans General Hospital |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Yen-Po Wang |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5072833206 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2883-4432 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Ying-Chun Jheng |
| authorships[1].countries | TW |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[1].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[1].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00se2k293 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | TW |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/03ymy8z76 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].country_code | TW |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].display_name | Taipei Veterans General Hospital |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Ying-Chun Jheng |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5089641395 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1100-6152 |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Kuang‐Yi Sung |
| authorships[2].countries | TW |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[2].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[2].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00se2k293 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | TW |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/03ymy8z76 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].country_code | TW |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].display_name | Taipei Veterans General Hospital |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Kuang-Yi Sung |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5102010003 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7590-8791 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Hung-En Lin |
| authorships[3].countries | TW |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[3].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[3].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00se2k293 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | TW |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/03ymy8z76 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].country_code | TW |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].display_name | Taipei Veterans General Hospital |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Hung-En Lin |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5113808750 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | I‐Fang Hsin |
| authorships[4].countries | TW |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[4].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[4].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00se2k293 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | TW |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/03ymy8z76 |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].country_code | TW |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].display_name | Taipei Veterans General Hospital |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | I-Fang Hsin |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5026715232 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Ping‐Hsien Chen |
| authorships[5].countries | TW |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[5].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[5].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00se2k293 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | TW |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/03ymy8z76 |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].country_code | TW |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].display_name | Taipei Veterans General Hospital |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Ping-Hsien Chen |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5059739856 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0997-5168 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Yuan-Chia Chu |
| authorships[6].countries | TW |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I191969501 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Department of Information Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[6].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Information Management Office, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[6].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I191969501 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/019z71f50 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I191969501 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | TW |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Science |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/03ymy8z76 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].country_code | TW |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].display_name | Taipei Veterans General Hospital |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Yuan-Chia Chu |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Department of Information Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Information Management Office, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5034317065 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8594-1384 |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | David Lu |
| authorships[7].countries | TW |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/03ymy8z76 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].type | healthcare |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].country_code | TW |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].display_name | Taipei Veterans General Hospital |
| authorships[7].author_position | middle |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | David Lu |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[8].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5023577493 |
| authorships[8].author.orcid | |
| authorships[8].author.display_name | Yuan‐Jen Wang |
| authorships[8].countries | TW |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[8].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Healthcare and Management Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00se2k293 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].country_code | TW |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].display_name | National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/03ymy8z76 |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].country_code | TW |
| authorships[8].institutions[1].display_name | Taipei Veterans General Hospital |
| authorships[8].author_position | middle |
| authorships[8].raw_author_name | Yuan-Jen Wang |
| authorships[8].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[8].raw_affiliation_strings | Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Healthcare and Management Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[9].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5111816794 |
| authorships[9].author.orcid | |
| authorships[9].author.display_name | Ming‐Chih Hou |
| authorships[9].countries | TW |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[9].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[9].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00se2k293 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].country_code | TW |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].display_name | National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/03ymy8z76 |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].country_code | TW |
| authorships[9].institutions[1].display_name | Taipei Veterans General Hospital |
| authorships[9].author_position | middle |
| authorships[9].raw_author_name | Ming-Chih Hou |
| authorships[9].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[9].raw_affiliation_strings | Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[10].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5109963985 |
| authorships[10].author.orcid | |
| authorships[10].author.display_name | Fa‐Yauh Lee |
| authorships[10].countries | TW |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[10].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[10].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00se2k293 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].country_code | TW |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].display_name | National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University |
| authorships[10].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[10].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/03ymy8z76 |
| authorships[10].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[10].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[10].institutions[1].country_code | TW |
| authorships[10].institutions[1].display_name | Taipei Veterans General Hospital |
| authorships[10].author_position | middle |
| authorships[10].raw_author_name | Fa-Yauh Lee |
| authorships[10].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[10].raw_affiliation_strings | Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[11].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5087221607 |
| authorships[11].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9335-7241 |
| authorships[11].author.display_name | Ching‐Liang Lu |
| authorships[11].countries | TW |
| authorships[11].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[11].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[11].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[11].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[11].affiliations[2].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[11].affiliations[2].raw_affiliation_string | Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[11].affiliations[3].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[11].affiliations[3].raw_affiliation_string | Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/00se2k293 |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I148366613 |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].country_code | TW |
| authorships[11].institutions[0].display_name | National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University |
| authorships[11].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[11].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/03ymy8z76 |
| authorships[11].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[11].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| authorships[11].institutions[1].country_code | TW |
| authorships[11].institutions[1].display_name | Taipei Veterans General Hospital |
| authorships[11].author_position | last |
| authorships[11].raw_author_name | Ching-Liang Lu |
| authorships[11].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[11].raw_affiliation_strings | Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Endoscopy Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/3/613/pdf?version=1646184076 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Use of U-Net Convolutional Neural Networks for Automated Segmentation of Fecal Material for Objective Evaluation of Bowel Preparation Quality in Colonoscopy |
| has_fulltext | True |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T10552 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Medicine |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9998999834060669 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2730 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Oncology |
| primary_topic.display_name | Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W2381279477, https://openalex.org/W3016587774, https://openalex.org/W2999920852, https://openalex.org/W3028983594, https://openalex.org/W4226493464, https://openalex.org/W4312417841, https://openalex.org/W3133861977, https://openalex.org/W2951211570, https://openalex.org/W3103566983, https://openalex.org/W3029198973 |
| cited_by_count | 13 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 5 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 2 |
| counts_by_year[3].year | 2022 |
| counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count | 4 |
| locations_count | 5 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.3390/diagnostics12030613 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4210172076 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 2075-4418 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 2075-4418 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Diagnostics |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/3/613/pdf?version=1646184076 |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Diagnostics |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030613 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.3390/diagnostics12030613 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S4210172076 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 2075-4418 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 2075-4418 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | True |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Diagnostics |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/3/613/pdf?version=1646184076 |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Diagnostics |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030613 |
| publication_date | 2022-03-01 |
| publication_year | 2022 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2109453679, https://openalex.org/W6696665999, https://openalex.org/W2066194774, https://openalex.org/W2138141964, https://openalex.org/W2161185314, https://openalex.org/W1971606269, https://openalex.org/W68648298, https://openalex.org/W6602868759, https://openalex.org/W2130543432, https://openalex.org/W2138134327, https://openalex.org/W2105961063, https://openalex.org/W2089290423, https://openalex.org/W2117920692, https://openalex.org/W3206080713, https://openalex.org/W2165188436, https://openalex.org/W2048326268, https://openalex.org/W2105410691, https://openalex.org/W2851918126, https://openalex.org/W2291833043, https://openalex.org/W2792546526, https://openalex.org/W2325842502, https://openalex.org/W2654136388, https://openalex.org/W2973140425, https://openalex.org/W3002021892, https://openalex.org/W2762406675, https://openalex.org/W2765527079, https://openalex.org/W2809105978, https://openalex.org/W2990396600, https://openalex.org/W1901129140, https://openalex.org/W2613456556, https://openalex.org/W2886281300, https://openalex.org/W2011237852, https://openalex.org/W2884530895, https://openalex.org/W2989631244, https://openalex.org/W3012192396, https://openalex.org/W6769340313, https://openalex.org/W3007028022, https://openalex.org/W1940447055, https://openalex.org/W2557738935, https://openalex.org/W2797069348, https://openalex.org/W2904843285, https://openalex.org/W2410282112, https://openalex.org/W2110693908, https://openalex.org/W2894010682, https://openalex.org/W2979586355, https://openalex.org/W3010349374, https://openalex.org/W2951841689, https://openalex.org/W3104997875, https://openalex.org/W3120008738, https://openalex.org/W2964309882, https://openalex.org/W3163368065, https://openalex.org/W2290774643, https://openalex.org/W2979829558 |
| referenced_works_count | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.= | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.A | 85, 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 18, 39, 60, 143, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.p | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.s | 134 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(r | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.AI | 160, 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.We | 31, 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.be | 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.by | 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 21, 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 4 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 29, 48, 51, 104, 121, 154, 208 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 90, 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 33, 37, 66, 98, 135, 195 |
| abstract_inverted_index.± | 152 |
| abstract_inverted_index.119 | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 79, 102, 130, 140, 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aim | 32 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 25, 64, 76, 185, 197 |
| abstract_inverted_index.are | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.can | 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 6, 44, 204 |
| abstract_inverted_index.low | 26 |
| abstract_inverted_index.one | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.our | 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 45, 49, 91, 105, 111, 115, 166, 200, 205 |
| abstract_inverted_index.use | 34 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 82, 96, 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.< | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.area | 113, 146, 156, 167 |
| abstract_inverted_index.data | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.deep | 86 |
| abstract_inverted_index.from | 59, 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.into | 73 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mark | 199 |
| abstract_inverted_index.that | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.well | 164 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 57, 70, 128 |
| abstract_inverted_index.wide | 19 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 17, 114, 147, 150, 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.67% | 153 |
| abstract_inverted_index.94.7% | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.U-Net | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.among | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.based | 89 |
| abstract_inverted_index.bowel | 2, 11 |
| abstract_inverted_index.colon | 52, 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fecal | 80, 201 |
| abstract_inverted_index.fully | 40, 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.image | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model | 88, 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rates | 28 |
| abstract_inverted_index.total | 120 |
| abstract_inverted_index.video | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.which | 69, 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.3634 | 133 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.915, | 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.10,118 | 122 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cohort | 63 |
| abstract_inverted_index.images | 124 |
| abstract_inverted_index.manual | 116, 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.method | 43, 194 |
| abstract_inverted_index.model, | 161 |
| abstract_inverted_index.models | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mucosa | 203 |
| abstract_inverted_index.scales | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.strong | 144 |
| abstract_inverted_index.system | 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.videos | 56, 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.0.001). | 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Current | 10 |
| abstract_inverted_index.applied | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.develop | 38 |
| abstract_inverted_index.divided | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.images, | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.machine | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.network | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.overlap | 112 |
| abstract_inverted_index.perform | 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.rapidly | 196 |
| abstract_inverted_index.residue | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Adequate | 1 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Methods: | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Results: | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.adequacy | 50 |
| abstract_inverted_index.averaged | 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.learning | 36, 87 |
| abstract_inverted_index.manually | 83, 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measured | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.produced | 142 |
| abstract_inverted_index.randomly | 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.reported | 27 |
| abstract_inverted_index.accuracy. | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.automatic | 41, 100, 106, 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cleansing | 3, 12 |
| abstract_inverted_index.datasets. | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.developed | 97 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluated | 109 |
| abstract_inverted_index.important | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.objective | 46, 206 |
| abstract_inverted_index.obtained. | 129 |
| abstract_inverted_index.predicted | 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.qualified | 67, 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.real-time | 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.retrieved | 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.training, | 74 |
| abstract_inverted_index.variation | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.accurately | 198 |
| abstract_inverted_index.correlated | 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluation | 13, 47, 207 |
| abstract_inverted_index.physicians | 24 |
| abstract_inverted_index.segmentate | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.segmented. | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Background: | 0 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Colonoscopy | 55 |
| abstract_inverted_index.colonoscopy | 7 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consistency | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.established | 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.evaluation. | 9 |
| abstract_inverted_index.performance | 8, 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.subjective, | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.transferred | 65 |
| abstract_inverted_index.validation, | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Conclusions: | 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.architecture | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.high-overlap | 145 |
| abstract_inverted_index.preparation. | 53, 210 |
| abstract_inverted_index.segmentation | 42, 107, 193 |
| abstract_inverted_index.verification | 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.convolutional | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.qualitatively | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.segmentation, | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.segmentation. | 101, 117 |
| abstract_inverted_index.automatically. | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.residue-coated | 202 |
| abstract_inverted_index.quantitatively. | 186 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 98 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 94 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5087221607 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 12 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I148366613, https://openalex.org/I2803004286 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.83348722 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |