Using the Veil of Ignorance to align AI systems with principles of justice Article Swipe
Laura Weidinger
,
Kevin R. McKee
,
Richard Everett
,
Saffron Huang
,
Tina Zhu
,
Martin J. Chadwick
,
Christopher Summerfield
,
Iason Gabriel
·
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2213709120
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2213709120
The philosopher John Rawls proposed the Veil of Ignorance (VoI) as a thought experiment to identify fair principles for governing a society. Here, we apply the VoI to an important governance domain: artificial intelligence (AI). In five incentive-compatible studies ( N = 2, 508), including two preregistered protocols, participants choose principles to govern an Artificial Intelligence (AI) assistant from behind the veil: that is, without knowledge of their own relative position in the group. Compared to participants who have this information, we find a consistent preference for a principle that instructs the AI assistant to prioritize the worst-off. Neither risk attitudes nor political preferences adequately explain these choices. Instead, they appear to be driven by elevated concerns about fairness: Without prompting, participants who reason behind the VoI more frequently explain their choice in terms of fairness, compared to those in the Control condition. Moreover, we find initial support for the ability of the VoI to elicit more robust preferences: In the studies presented here, the VoI increases the likelihood of participants continuing to endorse their initial choice in a subsequent round where they know how they will be affected by the AI intervention and have a self-interested motivation to change their mind. These results emerge in both a descriptive and an immersive game. Our findings suggest that the VoI may be a suitable mechanism for selecting distributive principles to govern AI.
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- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2213709120
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 30
- References
- 70
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
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All OpenAlex metadata
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https://openalex.org/W4366817401Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2213709120Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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Using the Veil of Ignorance to align AI systems with principles of justiceWork title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2023Year of publication
- Publication date
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2023-04-24Full publication date if available
- Authors
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Laura Weidinger, Kevin R. McKee, Richard Everett, Saffron Huang, Tina Zhu, Martin J. Chadwick, Christopher Summerfield, Iason GabrielList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2213709120Publisher landing page
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
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hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
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https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2213709120Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Ignorance, Veil of ignorance, Control (management), Psychology, Social psychology, Preference, Incentive, Corporate governance, Economic Justice, Computer science, Artificial intelligence, Political science, Law, Economics, Microeconomics, FinanceTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
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30Total citation count in OpenAlex
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2025: 15, 2024: 7, 2023: 7, 2022: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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