Validating a microphysical prognostic stratospheric aerosol implementation in E3SMv2 using observations after the Mount Pinatubo eruption Article Swipe
Hunter Brown
,
Benjamin Wagman
,
Diana Bull
,
Kara Peterson
,
Benjamin Hillman
,
Xiaohong Liu
,
Ziming Ke
,
Lin Lin
·
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-5087-2024
YOU?
·
· 2024
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-5087-2024
This paper describes the addition of a stratospheric prognostic aerosol (SPA) capability – developed with the goal of accurately simulating sulfate aerosol formation and evolution in the stratosphere – in the Department of Energy (DOE) Energy Exascale Earth System Model, version 2 (E3SMv2). The implementation includes changes to the four-mode Modal Aerosol Module microphysics in the stratosphere to allow for larger particle growth and more accurate stratospheric aerosol lifetime following the Pinatubo eruption. E3SMv2-SPA reasonably reproduces stratospheric aerosol lifetime, burden, aerosol optical depth, and top-of-atmosphere flux when compared to remote sensing observations. E3SMv2-SPA also has close agreement with the interactive chemistry–climate model CESM2-WACCM (Community Earth System Model version 2–Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model) – which has a more complete chemical treatment – and the observationally constrained, prescribed volcanic aerosol treatment in E3SMv2. Global stratospheric aerosol size distributions identify the nucleation and growth of sulfate aerosol from volcanically injected SO2 from both major and minor volcanic eruptions from 1991 to 1993. The modeled aerosol effective radius is consistently lower than satellite and in situ measurements (max differences of ∼ 30 %). Comparisons with in situ size distribution samples indicate that this simulated underestimation in both E3SMv2-SPA and CESM2-WACCM is due to overly small accumulation and coarse-mode aerosols 6–18 months post-eruption, with E3SMv2-SPA simulating ∼ 50 % of the coarse-mode geometric mean diameters of observations 11 months post-eruption. Effective radii from the models and observations are used to calculate offline scattering and absorption efficiencies to explore the implications of smaller simulated aerosol size for the Pinatubo climate impacts. Scattering efficiencies at wavelengths of peak solar irradiance (∼ 0.5 µm) are 10 %–80 % higher for daily samples in models relative to observations through 1993, suggesting higher diffuse radiation at the surface and a larger cooling effect in the models due to the smaller simulated aerosol; absorption efficiencies at the peak wavelengths of outgoing terrestrial radiation (∼ 10 µm) are 15 %–40 % lower for daily samples in models relative to observations, suggesting an underestimation in stratospheric heating in the models due to the smaller simulated aerosol. These potential biases are based on aerosol size alone and do not take into account differences in the aerosol number. The overall agreement of E3SMv2-SPA with observations and its similar performance to the well-validated CESM2-WACCM makes E3SMv2-SPA a viable alternative to simulating climate impacts from stratospheric sulfate aerosols.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-5087-2024
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 11
- References
- 137
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4400291680
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4400291680Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-5087-2024Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Validating a microphysical prognostic stratospheric aerosol implementation in E3SMv2 using observations after the Mount Pinatubo eruptionWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2024Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2024-07-03Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Hunter Brown, Benjamin Wagman, Diana Bull, Kara Peterson, Benjamin Hillman, Xiaohong Liu, Ziming Ke, Lin LinList of authors in order
- Landing page
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https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-5087-2024Publisher landing page
- Open access
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YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
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goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
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https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-5087-2024Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Aerosol, Stratosphere, Atmospheric sciences, Environmental science, Volcano, Sulfate aerosol, Atmosphere (unit), Vulcanian eruption, Climate model, Effective radius, Meteorology, Climatology, Climate change, Geology, Physics, Galaxy, Oceanography, Seismology, Quantum mechanicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
11Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 7, 2024: 4Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
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137Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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| abstract_inverted_index.efficiencies | 242, 258, 305 |
| abstract_inverted_index.implications | 246 |
| abstract_inverted_index.measurements | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.microphysics | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.observations | 223, 233, 280, 371 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stratosphere | 28, 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.volcanically | 147 |
| abstract_inverted_index.distributions | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.observations, | 329 |
| abstract_inverted_index.observations. | 92 |
| abstract_inverted_index.stratospheric | 8, 67, 77, 134, 334, 390 |
| abstract_inverted_index.implementation | 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.post-eruption, | 209 |
| abstract_inverted_index.post-eruption. | 226 |
| abstract_inverted_index.well-validated | 378 |
| abstract_inverted_index.observationally | 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.underestimation | 192, 332 |
| abstract_inverted_index.top-of-atmosphere | 85 |
| abstract_inverted_index.chemistry–climate | 101 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 99 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 97 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5063022663, https://openalex.org/A5029562181, https://openalex.org/A5065080849, https://openalex.org/A5113809921, https://openalex.org/A5049949263, https://openalex.org/A5030681893, https://openalex.org/A5073888408, https://openalex.org/A5063913513 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 8 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I1282311441, https://openalex.org/I4210104735, https://openalex.org/I91045830 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.7699999809265137 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Climate action |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.96940918 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | True |