Vegetarian Diet during Pregnancy Is Not Associated with Poorer Cognitive Performance in Children at Age 6–7 Years Article Swipe
Sarah Crozier
,
Keith M. Godfrey
,
Philip C. Calder
,
Siân Robinson
,
Hazel Inskip
,
Janis Baird
,
Catharine R. Galé
,
Cyrus Cooper
,
Charlene M. Sibbons
,
Helena L. Fisk
,
Graham C. Burdge
·
YOU?
·
· 2019
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11123029
YOU?
·
· 2019
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11123029
Compared with omnivorous mothers, vegetarian mothers have lower intakes of some nutrients required for neurological development. However, there is a lack of information about the impact of vegetarianism during pregnancy on subsequent cognitive function in children. The aim of this study was to investigate whether vegetarianism during pregnancy is associated with altered maternal nutritional status and with cognitive function in children at six to seven years of age. Women aged 20–34 years participating in a prospective observational study who provided dietary data and blood samples in early pregnancy (11 weeks; 78 vegetarians and 2144 omnivores) or late pregnancy (34 weeks; 91 vegetarians and 2552 omnivores). Compared with omnivorous women, vegetarian women had lower blood concentrations of arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and cobalamin in early and late pregnancy. Vegetarianism in pregnancy was linked to higher maternal educational attainment, longer breastfeeding duration, lower incidence of smoking during pregnancy and a tendency towards higher IQ in the mothers. Concentrations of some nutrients required for neurodevelopment were lower in maternal blood during gestation; however, after controlling for confounders consuming a vegetarian diet during pregnancy was not associated with poorer neurocognitive development of the children in this study.
Related Topics
Concepts
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11123029
- https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/12/3029/pdf?version=1576744070
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 16
- References
- 64
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W2996432511
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W2996432511Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11123029Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Vegetarian Diet during Pregnancy Is Not Associated with Poorer Cognitive Performance in Children at Age 6–7 YearsWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2019Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2019-12-11Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Sarah Crozier, Keith M. Godfrey, Philip C. Calder, Siân Robinson, Hazel Inskip, Janis Baird, Catharine R. Galé, Cyrus Cooper, Charlene M. Sibbons, Helena L. Fisk, Graham C. BurdgeList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11123029Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/12/3029/pdf?version=1576744070Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/12/3029/pdf?version=1576744070Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
-
Pregnancy, Medicine, Breastfeeding, Neurocognitive, Confounding, Gestation, Obstetrics, Prospective cohort study, Physiology, Incidence (geometry), Pediatrics, Cognition, Internal medicine, Biology, Psychiatry, Genetics, Optics, PhysicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
16Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 6, 2024: 4, 2023: 3, 2022: 1, 2021: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
-
64Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
-
10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
Full payload
| id | https://openalex.org/W2996432511 |
|---|---|
| doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11123029 |
| ids.doi | https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11123029 |
| ids.mag | 2996432511 |
| ids.pmid | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31835868 |
| ids.openalex | https://openalex.org/W2996432511 |
| fwci | 0.46965886 |
| mesh[0].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_ui | D000328 |
| mesh[0].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[0].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[0].descriptor_name | Adult |
| mesh[1].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_ui | D002648 |
| mesh[1].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[1].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[1].descriptor_name | Child |
| mesh[2].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_ui | D003071 |
| mesh[2].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[2].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[2].descriptor_name | Cognition |
| mesh[3].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_ui | D014676 |
| mesh[3].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[3].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[3].descriptor_name | Diet, Vegetarian |
| mesh[4].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[4].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[4].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[4].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[5].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[5].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[5].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[5].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[6].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_ui | D011247 |
| mesh[6].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[6].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[6].descriptor_name | Pregnancy |
| mesh[7].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[7].descriptor_ui | D039401 |
| mesh[7].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[7].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[7].descriptor_name | Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena |
| mesh[8].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_ui | D055815 |
| mesh[8].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[8].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[8].descriptor_name | Young Adult |
| mesh[9].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_ui | D000328 |
| mesh[9].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[9].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[9].descriptor_name | Adult |
| mesh[10].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_ui | D002648 |
| mesh[10].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[10].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[10].descriptor_name | Child |
| mesh[11].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_ui | D003071 |
| mesh[11].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[11].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[11].descriptor_name | Cognition |
| mesh[12].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[12].descriptor_ui | D014676 |
| mesh[12].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[12].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[12].descriptor_name | Diet, Vegetarian |
| mesh[13].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[13].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[13].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[13].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[14].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[14].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[14].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[14].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[15].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_ui | D011247 |
| mesh[15].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[15].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[15].descriptor_name | Pregnancy |
| mesh[16].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[16].descriptor_ui | D039401 |
| mesh[16].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[16].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[16].descriptor_name | Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena |
| mesh[17].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[17].descriptor_ui | D055815 |
| mesh[17].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[17].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[17].descriptor_name | Young Adult |
| mesh[18].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[18].descriptor_ui | D000328 |
| mesh[18].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[18].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[18].descriptor_name | Adult |
| mesh[19].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[19].descriptor_ui | D002648 |
| mesh[19].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[19].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[19].descriptor_name | Child |
| mesh[20].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[20].descriptor_ui | D003071 |
| mesh[20].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[20].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[20].descriptor_name | Cognition |
| mesh[21].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[21].descriptor_ui | D014676 |
| mesh[21].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[21].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[21].descriptor_name | Diet, Vegetarian |
| mesh[22].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[22].descriptor_ui | D005260 |
| mesh[22].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[22].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[22].descriptor_name | Female |
| mesh[23].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[23].descriptor_ui | D006801 |
| mesh[23].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[23].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[23].descriptor_name | Humans |
| mesh[24].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[24].descriptor_ui | D011247 |
| mesh[24].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[24].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[24].descriptor_name | Pregnancy |
| mesh[25].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[25].descriptor_ui | D039401 |
| mesh[25].is_major_topic | True |
| mesh[25].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[25].descriptor_name | Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena |
| mesh[26].qualifier_ui | |
| mesh[26].descriptor_ui | D055815 |
| mesh[26].is_major_topic | False |
| mesh[26].qualifier_name | |
| mesh[26].descriptor_name | Young Adult |
| type | article |
| title | Vegetarian Diet during Pregnancy Is Not Associated with Poorer Cognitive Performance in Children at Age 6–7 Years |
| awards[0].id | https://openalex.org/G895867133 |
| awards[0].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320319992 |
| awards[0].display_name | |
| awards[0].funder_award_id | RG/07/009 |
| awards[0].funder_display_name | British Heart Foundation |
| awards[1].id | https://openalex.org/G1149557563 |
| awards[1].funder_id | https://openalex.org/F4320334626 |
| awards[1].display_name | |
| awards[1].funder_award_id | (MC_U147585827, MC_ST_U12055 |
| awards[1].funder_display_name | Medical Research Council |
| biblio.issue | 12 |
| biblio.volume | 11 |
| biblio.last_page | 3029 |
| biblio.first_page | 3029 |
| grants[0].funder | https://openalex.org/F4320319992 |
| grants[0].award_id | RG/07/009 |
| grants[0].funder_display_name | British Heart Foundation |
| grants[1].funder | https://openalex.org/F4320334626 |
| grants[1].award_id | (MC_U147585827, MC_ST_U12055 |
| grants[1].funder_display_name | Medical Research Council |
| topics[0].id | https://openalex.org/T11259 |
| topics[0].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| topics[0].field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| topics[0].score | 0.9937000274658203 |
| topics[0].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| topics[0].domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| topics[0].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2303 |
| topics[0].subfield.display_name | Ecology |
| topics[0].display_name | Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact |
| topics[1].id | https://openalex.org/T12267 |
| topics[1].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
| topics[1].field.display_name | Medicine |
| topics[1].score | 0.9926000237464905 |
| topics[1].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/4 |
| topics[1].domain.display_name | Health Sciences |
| topics[1].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2737 |
| topics[1].subfield.display_name | Physiology |
| topics[1].display_name | Diet and metabolism studies |
| topics[2].id | https://openalex.org/T11399 |
| topics[2].field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/13 |
| topics[2].field.display_name | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology |
| topics[2].score | 0.9703999757766724 |
| topics[2].domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/1 |
| topics[2].domain.display_name | Life Sciences |
| topics[2].subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/1307 |
| topics[2].subfield.display_name | Cell Biology |
| topics[2].display_name | Muscle metabolism and nutrition |
| funders[0].id | https://openalex.org/F4320319992 |
| funders[0].ror | https://ror.org/02wdwnk04 |
| funders[0].display_name | British Heart Foundation |
| funders[1].id | https://openalex.org/F4320334626 |
| funders[1].ror | https://ror.org/03x94j517 |
| funders[1].display_name | Medical Research Council |
| is_xpac | False |
| apc_list.value | 2600 |
| apc_list.currency | CHF |
| apc_list.value_usd | 2815 |
| apc_paid.value | 2600 |
| apc_paid.currency | CHF |
| apc_paid.value_usd | 2815 |
| concepts[0].id | https://openalex.org/C2779234561 |
| concepts[0].level | 2 |
| concepts[0].score | 0.8670672178268433 |
| concepts[0].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995 |
| concepts[0].display_name | Pregnancy |
| concepts[1].id | https://openalex.org/C71924100 |
| concepts[1].level | 0 |
| concepts[1].score | 0.6346171498298645 |
| concepts[1].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190 |
| concepts[1].display_name | Medicine |
| concepts[2].id | https://openalex.org/C2776283161 |
| concepts[2].level | 2 |
| concepts[2].score | 0.5436869859695435 |
| concepts[2].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174876 |
| concepts[2].display_name | Breastfeeding |
| concepts[3].id | https://openalex.org/C172467417 |
| concepts[3].level | 3 |
| concepts[3].score | 0.5287727117538452 |
| concepts[3].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1670397 |
| concepts[3].display_name | Neurocognitive |
| concepts[4].id | https://openalex.org/C77350462 |
| concepts[4].level | 2 |
| concepts[4].score | 0.5047951936721802 |
| concepts[4].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472 |
| concepts[4].display_name | Confounding |
| concepts[5].id | https://openalex.org/C46973012 |
| concepts[5].level | 3 |
| concepts[5].score | 0.4759623408317566 |
| concepts[5].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28627 |
| concepts[5].display_name | Gestation |
| concepts[6].id | https://openalex.org/C131872663 |
| concepts[6].level | 1 |
| concepts[6].score | 0.473186731338501 |
| concepts[6].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5284418 |
| concepts[6].display_name | Obstetrics |
| concepts[7].id | https://openalex.org/C188816634 |
| concepts[7].level | 2 |
| concepts[7].score | 0.46274545788764954 |
| concepts[7].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324 |
| concepts[7].display_name | Prospective cohort study |
| concepts[8].id | https://openalex.org/C42407357 |
| concepts[8].level | 1 |
| concepts[8].score | 0.44843947887420654 |
| concepts[8].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521 |
| concepts[8].display_name | Physiology |
| concepts[9].id | https://openalex.org/C61511704 |
| concepts[9].level | 2 |
| concepts[9].score | 0.4411284327507019 |
| concepts[9].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857 |
| concepts[9].display_name | Incidence (geometry) |
| concepts[10].id | https://openalex.org/C187212893 |
| concepts[10].level | 1 |
| concepts[10].score | 0.32285135984420776 |
| concepts[10].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028 |
| concepts[10].display_name | Pediatrics |
| concepts[11].id | https://openalex.org/C169900460 |
| concepts[11].level | 2 |
| concepts[11].score | 0.29949480295181274 |
| concepts[11].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417 |
| concepts[11].display_name | Cognition |
| concepts[12].id | https://openalex.org/C126322002 |
| concepts[12].level | 1 |
| concepts[12].score | 0.2205185890197754 |
| concepts[12].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180 |
| concepts[12].display_name | Internal medicine |
| concepts[13].id | https://openalex.org/C86803240 |
| concepts[13].level | 0 |
| concepts[13].score | 0.17693465948104858 |
| concepts[13].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420 |
| concepts[13].display_name | Biology |
| concepts[14].id | https://openalex.org/C118552586 |
| concepts[14].level | 1 |
| concepts[14].score | 0.0826614499092102 |
| concepts[14].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867 |
| concepts[14].display_name | Psychiatry |
| concepts[15].id | https://openalex.org/C54355233 |
| concepts[15].level | 1 |
| concepts[15].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[15].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162 |
| concepts[15].display_name | Genetics |
| concepts[16].id | https://openalex.org/C120665830 |
| concepts[16].level | 1 |
| concepts[16].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[16].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620 |
| concepts[16].display_name | Optics |
| concepts[17].id | https://openalex.org/C121332964 |
| concepts[17].level | 0 |
| concepts[17].score | 0.0 |
| concepts[17].wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413 |
| concepts[17].display_name | Physics |
| keywords[0].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/pregnancy |
| keywords[0].score | 0.8670672178268433 |
| keywords[0].display_name | Pregnancy |
| keywords[1].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine |
| keywords[1].score | 0.6346171498298645 |
| keywords[1].display_name | Medicine |
| keywords[2].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/breastfeeding |
| keywords[2].score | 0.5436869859695435 |
| keywords[2].display_name | Breastfeeding |
| keywords[3].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/neurocognitive |
| keywords[3].score | 0.5287727117538452 |
| keywords[3].display_name | Neurocognitive |
| keywords[4].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/confounding |
| keywords[4].score | 0.5047951936721802 |
| keywords[4].display_name | Confounding |
| keywords[5].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/gestation |
| keywords[5].score | 0.4759623408317566 |
| keywords[5].display_name | Gestation |
| keywords[6].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/obstetrics |
| keywords[6].score | 0.473186731338501 |
| keywords[6].display_name | Obstetrics |
| keywords[7].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/prospective-cohort-study |
| keywords[7].score | 0.46274545788764954 |
| keywords[7].display_name | Prospective cohort study |
| keywords[8].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/physiology |
| keywords[8].score | 0.44843947887420654 |
| keywords[8].display_name | Physiology |
| keywords[9].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/incidence |
| keywords[9].score | 0.4411284327507019 |
| keywords[9].display_name | Incidence (geometry) |
| keywords[10].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/pediatrics |
| keywords[10].score | 0.32285135984420776 |
| keywords[10].display_name | Pediatrics |
| keywords[11].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition |
| keywords[11].score | 0.29949480295181274 |
| keywords[11].display_name | Cognition |
| keywords[12].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine |
| keywords[12].score | 0.2205185890197754 |
| keywords[12].display_name | Internal medicine |
| keywords[13].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/biology |
| keywords[13].score | 0.17693465948104858 |
| keywords[13].display_name | Biology |
| keywords[14].id | https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry |
| keywords[14].score | 0.0826614499092102 |
| keywords[14].display_name | Psychiatry |
| language | en |
| locations[0].id | doi:10.3390/nu11123029 |
| locations[0].is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.id | https://openalex.org/S110785341 |
| locations[0].source.issn | 2072-6643 |
| locations[0].source.type | journal |
| locations[0].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[0].source.issn_l | 2072-6643 |
| locations[0].source.is_core | True |
| locations[0].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[0].source.display_name | Nutrients |
| locations[0].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| locations[0].source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| locations[0].license | cc-by |
| locations[0].pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/12/3029/pdf?version=1576744070 |
| locations[0].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[0].raw_type | journal-article |
| locations[0].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[0].is_accepted | True |
| locations[0].is_published | True |
| locations[0].raw_source_name | Nutrients |
| locations[0].landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11123029 |
| locations[1].id | pmid:31835868 |
| locations[1].is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306525036 |
| locations[1].source.issn | |
| locations[1].source.type | repository |
| locations[1].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[1].source.issn_l | |
| locations[1].source.is_core | False |
| locations[1].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[1].source.display_name | PubMed |
| locations[1].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_name | National Institutes of Health |
| locations[1].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1299303238 |
| locations[1].license | |
| locations[1].pdf_url | |
| locations[1].version | publishedVersion |
| locations[1].raw_type | |
| locations[1].license_id | |
| locations[1].is_accepted | True |
| locations[1].is_published | True |
| locations[1].raw_source_name | Nutrients |
| locations[1].landing_page_url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31835868 |
| locations[2].id | pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:436648 |
| locations[2].is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306401019 |
| locations[2].source.issn | |
| locations[2].source.type | repository |
| locations[2].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[2].source.issn_l | |
| locations[2].source.is_core | False |
| locations[2].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[2].source.display_name | ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) |
| locations[2].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_name | University of Southampton |
| locations[2].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| locations[2].license | |
| locations[2].pdf_url | |
| locations[2].version | acceptedVersion |
| locations[2].raw_type | Article |
| locations[2].license_id | |
| locations[2].is_accepted | True |
| locations[2].is_published | False |
| locations[2].raw_source_name | |
| locations[2].landing_page_url | https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/436648/1/Vegetarian_diet_and_childhood_IQ_Accepted_11_Dec_2019.docx |
| locations[3].id | pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5914270 |
| locations[3].is_oa | True |
| locations[3].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400806 |
| locations[3].source.issn | |
| locations[3].source.type | repository |
| locations[3].source.is_oa | False |
| locations[3].source.issn_l | |
| locations[3].source.is_core | False |
| locations[3].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[3].source.display_name | Europe PMC (PubMed Central) |
| locations[3].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I1303153112 |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_name | European Bioinformatics Institute |
| locations[3].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I1303153112 |
| locations[3].license | other-oa |
| locations[3].pdf_url | |
| locations[3].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[3].raw_type | Text |
| locations[3].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa |
| locations[3].is_accepted | False |
| locations[3].is_published | False |
| locations[3].raw_source_name | |
| locations[3].landing_page_url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6949927 |
| locations[4].id | pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-6643/11/12/3029/ |
| locations[4].is_oa | True |
| locations[4].source.id | https://openalex.org/S4306400947 |
| locations[4].source.issn | |
| locations[4].source.type | repository |
| locations[4].source.is_oa | True |
| locations[4].source.issn_l | |
| locations[4].source.is_core | False |
| locations[4].source.is_in_doaj | False |
| locations[4].source.display_name | MDPI (MDPI AG) |
| locations[4].source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/I4210097602 |
| locations[4].source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland) |
| locations[4].source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210097602 |
| locations[4].license | cc-by |
| locations[4].pdf_url | |
| locations[4].version | submittedVersion |
| locations[4].raw_type | Text |
| locations[4].license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| locations[4].is_accepted | False |
| locations[4].is_published | False |
| locations[4].raw_source_name | Nutrients |
| locations[4].landing_page_url | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11123029 |
| indexed_in | crossref, pubmed |
| authorships[0].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5035294203 |
| authorships[0].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9524-1127 |
| authorships[0].author.display_name | Sarah Crozier |
| authorships[0].countries | GB |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2801388914, https://openalex.org/I4210148293, https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[0].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210148293 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04j4a6x59 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210087105, https://openalex.org/I4210148293, https://openalex.org/I43439940, https://openalex.org/I90344618 |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[0].institutions[0].display_name | MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I2801388914 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/011cztj49 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2801388914, https://openalex.org/I2802965805 |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].country_code | GB |
| authorships[0].institutions[1].display_name | Southampton General Hospital |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/01ryk1543 |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].type | education |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].country_code | GB |
| authorships[0].institutions[2].display_name | University of Southampton |
| authorships[0].author_position | first |
| authorships[0].raw_author_name | Sarah R. Crozier |
| authorships[0].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[0].raw_affiliation_strings | MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[1].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5031184713 |
| authorships[1].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4643-0618 |
| authorships[1].author.display_name | Keith M. Godfrey |
| authorships[1].countries | GB |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2801388914, https://openalex.org/I4210148293, https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[1].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2802965805, https://openalex.org/I4210118229, https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[1].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210148293 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04j4a6x59 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210087105, https://openalex.org/I4210148293, https://openalex.org/I43439940, https://openalex.org/I90344618 |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[1].institutions[0].display_name | MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I4210118229 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/01qqpzg67 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].type | facility |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2802965805, https://openalex.org/I4210118229, https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].country_code | GB |
| authorships[1].institutions[1].display_name | NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre |
| authorships[1].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I2801388914 |
| authorships[1].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/011cztj49 |
| authorships[1].institutions[2].type | healthcare |
| authorships[1].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2801388914, https://openalex.org/I2802965805 |
| authorships[1].institutions[2].country_code | GB |
| authorships[1].institutions[2].display_name | Southampton General Hospital |
| authorships[1].institutions[3].id | https://openalex.org/I2802965805 |
| authorships[1].institutions[3].ror | https://ror.org/0485axj58 |
| authorships[1].institutions[3].type | healthcare |
| authorships[1].institutions[3].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2802965805 |
| authorships[1].institutions[3].country_code | GB |
| authorships[1].institutions[3].display_name | University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust |
| authorships[1].institutions[4].id | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[1].institutions[4].ror | https://ror.org/01ryk1543 |
| authorships[1].institutions[4].type | education |
| authorships[1].institutions[4].lineage | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[1].institutions[4].country_code | GB |
| authorships[1].institutions[4].display_name | University of Southampton |
| authorships[1].author_position | middle |
| authorships[1].raw_author_name | Keith M. Godfrey |
| authorships[1].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[1].raw_affiliation_strings | MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[2].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5074645101 |
| authorships[2].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6038-710X |
| authorships[2].author.display_name | Philip C. Calder |
| authorships[2].countries | GB |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[2].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2802965805, https://openalex.org/I4210118229, https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[2].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210118229 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01qqpzg67 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2802965805, https://openalex.org/I4210118229, https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[2].institutions[0].display_name | NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I2802965805 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/0485axj58 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2802965805 |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].country_code | GB |
| authorships[2].institutions[1].display_name | University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust |
| authorships[2].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[2].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/01ryk1543 |
| authorships[2].institutions[2].type | education |
| authorships[2].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[2].institutions[2].country_code | GB |
| authorships[2].institutions[2].display_name | University of Southampton |
| authorships[2].author_position | middle |
| authorships[2].raw_author_name | Philip C. Calder |
| authorships[2].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[2].raw_affiliation_strings | NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK, School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[3].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5088362417 |
| authorships[3].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1766-7269 |
| authorships[3].author.display_name | Siân Robinson |
| authorships[3].countries | GB |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2801663869, https://openalex.org/I4210133722, https://openalex.org/I84884186 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK |
| authorships[3].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I84884186 |
| authorships[3].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | AGE Research Group, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210133722 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/044m9mw93 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I34931013, https://openalex.org/I4210133722 |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[3].institutions[0].display_name | NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I84884186 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/01kj2bm70 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].type | education |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I84884186 |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].country_code | GB |
| authorships[3].institutions[1].display_name | Newcastle University |
| authorships[3].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I2801663869 |
| authorships[3].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/05p40t847 |
| authorships[3].institutions[2].type | healthcare |
| authorships[3].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2801663869 |
| authorships[3].institutions[2].country_code | GB |
| authorships[3].institutions[2].display_name | Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust |
| authorships[3].author_position | middle |
| authorships[3].raw_author_name | Sian M. Robinson |
| authorships[3].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[3].raw_affiliation_strings | AGE Research Group, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK, NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK |
| authorships[4].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5091766588 |
| authorships[4].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8897-1749 |
| authorships[4].author.display_name | Hazel Inskip |
| authorships[4].countries | GB |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2801388914, https://openalex.org/I4210148293, https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[4].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2802965805, https://openalex.org/I4210118229, https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[4].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210148293 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04j4a6x59 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210087105, https://openalex.org/I4210148293, https://openalex.org/I43439940, https://openalex.org/I90344618 |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[4].institutions[0].display_name | MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I4210118229 |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/01qqpzg67 |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].type | facility |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2802965805, https://openalex.org/I4210118229, https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].country_code | GB |
| authorships[4].institutions[1].display_name | NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre |
| authorships[4].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I2801388914 |
| authorships[4].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/011cztj49 |
| authorships[4].institutions[2].type | healthcare |
| authorships[4].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2801388914, https://openalex.org/I2802965805 |
| authorships[4].institutions[2].country_code | GB |
| authorships[4].institutions[2].display_name | Southampton General Hospital |
| authorships[4].institutions[3].id | https://openalex.org/I2802965805 |
| authorships[4].institutions[3].ror | https://ror.org/0485axj58 |
| authorships[4].institutions[3].type | healthcare |
| authorships[4].institutions[3].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2802965805 |
| authorships[4].institutions[3].country_code | GB |
| authorships[4].institutions[3].display_name | University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust |
| authorships[4].institutions[4].id | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[4].institutions[4].ror | https://ror.org/01ryk1543 |
| authorships[4].institutions[4].type | education |
| authorships[4].institutions[4].lineage | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[4].institutions[4].country_code | GB |
| authorships[4].institutions[4].display_name | University of Southampton |
| authorships[4].author_position | middle |
| authorships[4].raw_author_name | Hazel M. Inskip |
| authorships[4].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[4].raw_affiliation_strings | MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[5].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5005668534 |
| authorships[5].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4039-4361 |
| authorships[5].author.display_name | Janis Baird |
| authorships[5].countries | GB |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2802965805, https://openalex.org/I4210118229, https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[5].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2801388914, https://openalex.org/I4210148293, https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[5].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210148293 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04j4a6x59 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210087105, https://openalex.org/I4210148293, https://openalex.org/I43439940, https://openalex.org/I90344618 |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[5].institutions[0].display_name | MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I4210118229 |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/01qqpzg67 |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].type | facility |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2802965805, https://openalex.org/I4210118229, https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].country_code | GB |
| authorships[5].institutions[1].display_name | NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre |
| authorships[5].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I2801388914 |
| authorships[5].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/011cztj49 |
| authorships[5].institutions[2].type | healthcare |
| authorships[5].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2801388914, https://openalex.org/I2802965805 |
| authorships[5].institutions[2].country_code | GB |
| authorships[5].institutions[2].display_name | Southampton General Hospital |
| authorships[5].institutions[3].id | https://openalex.org/I2802965805 |
| authorships[5].institutions[3].ror | https://ror.org/0485axj58 |
| authorships[5].institutions[3].type | healthcare |
| authorships[5].institutions[3].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2802965805 |
| authorships[5].institutions[3].country_code | GB |
| authorships[5].institutions[3].display_name | University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust |
| authorships[5].institutions[4].id | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[5].institutions[4].ror | https://ror.org/01ryk1543 |
| authorships[5].institutions[4].type | education |
| authorships[5].institutions[4].lineage | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[5].institutions[4].country_code | GB |
| authorships[5].institutions[4].display_name | University of Southampton |
| authorships[5].author_position | middle |
| authorships[5].raw_author_name | Janis Baird |
| authorships[5].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[5].raw_affiliation_strings | MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[6].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5091422566 |
| authorships[6].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3361-8638 |
| authorships[6].author.display_name | Catharine R. Galé |
| authorships[6].countries | GB |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I98677209 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | Centre for Cognitive Ageing & Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AZ, UK |
| authorships[6].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2801388914, https://openalex.org/I4210148293, https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[6].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210148293 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04j4a6x59 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210087105, https://openalex.org/I4210148293, https://openalex.org/I43439940, https://openalex.org/I90344618 |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[6].institutions[0].display_name | MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I2801388914 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/011cztj49 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].type | healthcare |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2801388914, https://openalex.org/I2802965805 |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].country_code | GB |
| authorships[6].institutions[1].display_name | Southampton General Hospital |
| authorships[6].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I98677209 |
| authorships[6].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/01nrxwf90 |
| authorships[6].institutions[2].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I98677209 |
| authorships[6].institutions[2].country_code | GB |
| authorships[6].institutions[2].display_name | University of Edinburgh |
| authorships[6].institutions[3].id | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[6].institutions[3].ror | https://ror.org/01ryk1543 |
| authorships[6].institutions[3].type | education |
| authorships[6].institutions[3].lineage | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[6].institutions[3].country_code | GB |
| authorships[6].institutions[3].display_name | University of Southampton |
| authorships[6].author_position | middle |
| authorships[6].raw_author_name | Catharine R. Gale |
| authorships[6].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[6].raw_affiliation_strings | Centre for Cognitive Ageing & Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AZ, UK, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[7].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5100774776 |
| authorships[7].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3510-0709 |
| authorships[7].author.display_name | Cyrus Cooper |
| authorships[7].countries | GB |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2801388914, https://openalex.org/I4210148293, https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[7].affiliations[1].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I2802965805, https://openalex.org/I4210118229, https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[7].affiliations[1].raw_affiliation_string | NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I4210148293 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/04j4a6x59 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].type | facility |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I4210087105, https://openalex.org/I4210148293, https://openalex.org/I43439940, https://openalex.org/I90344618 |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[7].institutions[0].display_name | MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit |
| authorships[7].institutions[1].id | https://openalex.org/I4210118229 |
| authorships[7].institutions[1].ror | https://ror.org/01qqpzg67 |
| authorships[7].institutions[1].type | facility |
| authorships[7].institutions[1].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2802965805, https://openalex.org/I4210118229, https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[7].institutions[1].country_code | GB |
| authorships[7].institutions[1].display_name | NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre |
| authorships[7].institutions[2].id | https://openalex.org/I2801388914 |
| authorships[7].institutions[2].ror | https://ror.org/011cztj49 |
| authorships[7].institutions[2].type | healthcare |
| authorships[7].institutions[2].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2801388914, https://openalex.org/I2802965805 |
| authorships[7].institutions[2].country_code | GB |
| authorships[7].institutions[2].display_name | Southampton General Hospital |
| authorships[7].institutions[3].id | https://openalex.org/I2802965805 |
| authorships[7].institutions[3].ror | https://ror.org/0485axj58 |
| authorships[7].institutions[3].type | healthcare |
| authorships[7].institutions[3].lineage | https://openalex.org/I2802965805 |
| authorships[7].institutions[3].country_code | GB |
| authorships[7].institutions[3].display_name | University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust |
| authorships[7].institutions[4].id | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[7].institutions[4].ror | https://ror.org/01ryk1543 |
| authorships[7].institutions[4].type | education |
| authorships[7].institutions[4].lineage | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[7].institutions[4].country_code | GB |
| authorships[7].institutions[4].display_name | University of Southampton |
| authorships[7].author_position | middle |
| authorships[7].raw_author_name | Cyrus Cooper |
| authorships[7].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[7].raw_affiliation_strings | MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[8].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5104387141 |
| authorships[8].author.orcid | |
| authorships[8].author.display_name | Charlene M. Sibbons |
| authorships[8].countries | GB |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[8].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01ryk1543 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[8].institutions[0].display_name | University of Southampton |
| authorships[8].author_position | middle |
| authorships[8].raw_author_name | Charlene M. Sibbons |
| authorships[8].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[8].raw_affiliation_strings | School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[9].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5066362474 |
| authorships[9].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9534-3246 |
| authorships[9].author.display_name | Helena L. Fisk |
| authorships[9].countries | GB |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[9].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01ryk1543 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[9].institutions[0].display_name | University of Southampton |
| authorships[9].author_position | middle |
| authorships[9].raw_author_name | Helena L. Fisk |
| authorships[9].is_corresponding | False |
| authorships[9].raw_affiliation_strings | School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[10].author.id | https://openalex.org/A5085200750 |
| authorships[10].author.orcid | https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7665-2967 |
| authorships[10].author.display_name | Graham C. Burdge |
| authorships[10].countries | GB |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[10].affiliations[0].raw_affiliation_string | School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].id | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].ror | https://ror.org/01ryk1543 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].type | education |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].lineage | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].country_code | GB |
| authorships[10].institutions[0].display_name | University of Southampton |
| authorships[10].author_position | last |
| authorships[10].raw_author_name | Graham C. Burdge |
| authorships[10].is_corresponding | True |
| authorships[10].raw_affiliation_strings | School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK |
| has_content.pdf | True |
| has_content.grobid_xml | True |
| is_paratext | False |
| open_access.is_oa | True |
| open_access.oa_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/12/3029/pdf?version=1576744070 |
| open_access.oa_status | gold |
| open_access.any_repository_has_fulltext | False |
| created_date | 2025-10-10T00:00:00 |
| display_name | Vegetarian Diet during Pregnancy Is Not Associated with Poorer Cognitive Performance in Children at Age 6–7 Years |
| has_fulltext | False |
| is_retracted | False |
| updated_date | 2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776 |
| primary_topic.id | https://openalex.org/T11259 |
| primary_topic.field.id | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
| primary_topic.field.display_name | Environmental Science |
| primary_topic.score | 0.9937000274658203 |
| primary_topic.domain.id | https://openalex.org/domains/3 |
| primary_topic.domain.display_name | Physical Sciences |
| primary_topic.subfield.id | https://openalex.org/subfields/2303 |
| primary_topic.subfield.display_name | Ecology |
| primary_topic.display_name | Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact |
| related_works | https://openalex.org/W3185423717, https://openalex.org/W2560983496, https://openalex.org/W219068659, https://openalex.org/W2011260154, https://openalex.org/W2277826541, https://openalex.org/W2414069397, https://openalex.org/W2315917474, https://openalex.org/W127339023, https://openalex.org/W2123461383, https://openalex.org/W2050928772 |
| cited_by_count | 16 |
| counts_by_year[0].year | 2025 |
| counts_by_year[0].cited_by_count | 6 |
| counts_by_year[1].year | 2024 |
| counts_by_year[1].cited_by_count | 4 |
| counts_by_year[2].year | 2023 |
| counts_by_year[2].cited_by_count | 3 |
| counts_by_year[3].year | 2022 |
| counts_by_year[3].cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[4].year | 2021 |
| counts_by_year[4].cited_by_count | 1 |
| counts_by_year[5].year | 2020 |
| counts_by_year[5].cited_by_count | 1 |
| locations_count | 5 |
| best_oa_location.id | doi:10.3390/nu11123029 |
| best_oa_location.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S110785341 |
| best_oa_location.source.issn | 2072-6643 |
| best_oa_location.source.type | journal |
| best_oa_location.source.is_oa | True |
| best_oa_location.source.issn_l | 2072-6643 |
| best_oa_location.source.is_core | True |
| best_oa_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| best_oa_location.source.display_name | Nutrients |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| best_oa_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| best_oa_location.license | cc-by |
| best_oa_location.pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/12/3029/pdf?version=1576744070 |
| best_oa_location.version | publishedVersion |
| best_oa_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| best_oa_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| best_oa_location.is_accepted | True |
| best_oa_location.is_published | True |
| best_oa_location.raw_source_name | Nutrients |
| best_oa_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11123029 |
| primary_location.id | doi:10.3390/nu11123029 |
| primary_location.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.id | https://openalex.org/S110785341 |
| primary_location.source.issn | 2072-6643 |
| primary_location.source.type | journal |
| primary_location.source.is_oa | True |
| primary_location.source.issn_l | 2072-6643 |
| primary_location.source.is_core | True |
| primary_location.source.is_in_doaj | False |
| primary_location.source.display_name | Nutrients |
| primary_location.source.host_organization | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_name | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage | https://openalex.org/P4310310987 |
| primary_location.source.host_organization_lineage_names | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| primary_location.license | cc-by |
| primary_location.pdf_url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/12/3029/pdf?version=1576744070 |
| primary_location.version | publishedVersion |
| primary_location.raw_type | journal-article |
| primary_location.license_id | https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by |
| primary_location.is_accepted | True |
| primary_location.is_published | True |
| primary_location.raw_source_name | Nutrients |
| primary_location.landing_page_url | https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11123029 |
| publication_date | 2019-12-11 |
| publication_year | 2019 |
| referenced_works | https://openalex.org/W2055043956, https://openalex.org/W2134423692, https://openalex.org/W2040160279, https://openalex.org/W6605569063, https://openalex.org/W1977308172, https://openalex.org/W2010454129, https://openalex.org/W2147854221, https://openalex.org/W2132087610, https://openalex.org/W1988294042, https://openalex.org/W2064612203, https://openalex.org/W2088818592, https://openalex.org/W2473061784, https://openalex.org/W58729352, https://openalex.org/W121564502, https://openalex.org/W2111271753, https://openalex.org/W2930509218, https://openalex.org/W1998775355, https://openalex.org/W2744492484, https://openalex.org/W2803915445, https://openalex.org/W2040447332, https://openalex.org/W2067958425, https://openalex.org/W2046122071, https://openalex.org/W1966010576, https://openalex.org/W2125258021, https://openalex.org/W2083668806, https://openalex.org/W2800839860, https://openalex.org/W2920180418, https://openalex.org/W1965391054, https://openalex.org/W2125271708, https://openalex.org/W2555813868, https://openalex.org/W2138936752, https://openalex.org/W2603467399, https://openalex.org/W2769199610, https://openalex.org/W2114573309, https://openalex.org/W2006447026, https://openalex.org/W2036041448, https://openalex.org/W1929633266, https://openalex.org/W4235238101, https://openalex.org/W2087461357, https://openalex.org/W2150526592, https://openalex.org/W6604979476, https://openalex.org/W1987997128, https://openalex.org/W1914711281, https://openalex.org/W2168526937, https://openalex.org/W2124296743, https://openalex.org/W2140673012, https://openalex.org/W2260762623, https://openalex.org/W2006714007, https://openalex.org/W2018642897, https://openalex.org/W2136170254, https://openalex.org/W4294553991, https://openalex.org/W2017572901, https://openalex.org/W2122169410, https://openalex.org/W138249282, https://openalex.org/W1864437667, https://openalex.org/W2120476691, https://openalex.org/W2071714390, https://openalex.org/W2013822447, https://openalex.org/W2043427265, https://openalex.org/W2062594082, https://openalex.org/W1958442533, https://openalex.org/W2131238068, https://openalex.org/W4240211860, https://openalex.org/W2324280138 |
| referenced_works_count | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.a | 19, 74, 147, 175 |
| abstract_inverted_index.78 | 90 |
| abstract_inverted_index.91 | 100 |
| abstract_inverted_index.IQ | 151 |
| abstract_inverted_index.at | 61 |
| abstract_inverted_index.in | 34, 59, 73, 85, 122, 128, 152, 164, 190 |
| abstract_inverted_index.is | 18, 48 |
| abstract_inverted_index.of | 9, 21, 26, 38, 66, 115, 142, 156, 187 |
| abstract_inverted_index.on | 30 |
| abstract_inverted_index.or | 95 |
| abstract_inverted_index.to | 42, 63, 132 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(11 | 88 |
| abstract_inverted_index.(34 | 98 |
| abstract_inverted_index.The | 36 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aim | 37 |
| abstract_inverted_index.and | 55, 82, 92, 102, 120, 124, 146 |
| abstract_inverted_index.for | 13, 160, 172 |
| abstract_inverted_index.had | 111 |
| abstract_inverted_index.not | 181 |
| abstract_inverted_index.six | 62 |
| abstract_inverted_index.the | 24, 153, 188 |
| abstract_inverted_index.was | 41, 130, 180 |
| abstract_inverted_index.who | 78 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2144 | 93 |
| abstract_inverted_index.2552 | 103 |
| abstract_inverted_index.age. | 67 |
| abstract_inverted_index.aged | 69 |
| abstract_inverted_index.data | 81 |
| abstract_inverted_index.diet | 177 |
| abstract_inverted_index.have | 6 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lack | 20 |
| abstract_inverted_index.late | 96, 125 |
| abstract_inverted_index.some | 10, 157 |
| abstract_inverted_index.this | 39, 191 |
| abstract_inverted_index.were | 162 |
| abstract_inverted_index.with | 1, 50, 56, 106, 183 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Women | 68 |
| abstract_inverted_index.about | 23 |
| abstract_inverted_index.acid, | 117, 119 |
| abstract_inverted_index.after | 170 |
| abstract_inverted_index.blood | 83, 113, 166 |
| abstract_inverted_index.early | 86, 123 |
| abstract_inverted_index.lower | 7, 112, 140, 163 |
| abstract_inverted_index.seven | 64 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study | 40, 77 |
| abstract_inverted_index.there | 17 |
| abstract_inverted_index.women | 110 |
| abstract_inverted_index.years | 65, 71 |
| abstract_inverted_index.during | 28, 46, 144, 167, 178 |
| abstract_inverted_index.higher | 133, 150 |
| abstract_inverted_index.impact | 25 |
| abstract_inverted_index.linked | 131 |
| abstract_inverted_index.longer | 137 |
| abstract_inverted_index.poorer | 184 |
| abstract_inverted_index.status | 54 |
| abstract_inverted_index.study. | 192 |
| abstract_inverted_index.weeks; | 89, 99 |
| abstract_inverted_index.women, | 108 |
| abstract_inverted_index.20–34 | 70 |
| abstract_inverted_index.altered | 51 |
| abstract_inverted_index.dietary | 80 |
| abstract_inverted_index.intakes | 8 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mothers | 5 |
| abstract_inverted_index.samples | 84 |
| abstract_inverted_index.smoking | 143 |
| abstract_inverted_index.towards | 149 |
| abstract_inverted_index.whether | 44 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Compared | 0, 105 |
| abstract_inverted_index.However, | 16 |
| abstract_inverted_index.children | 60, 189 |
| abstract_inverted_index.function | 33, 58 |
| abstract_inverted_index.however, | 169 |
| abstract_inverted_index.maternal | 52, 134, 165 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mothers, | 3 |
| abstract_inverted_index.mothers. | 154 |
| abstract_inverted_index.provided | 79 |
| abstract_inverted_index.required | 12, 159 |
| abstract_inverted_index.tendency | 148 |
| abstract_inverted_index.children. | 35 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cobalamin | 121 |
| abstract_inverted_index.cognitive | 32, 57 |
| abstract_inverted_index.consuming | 174 |
| abstract_inverted_index.duration, | 139 |
| abstract_inverted_index.incidence | 141 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nutrients | 11, 158 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pregnancy | 29, 47, 87, 97, 129, 145, 179 |
| abstract_inverted_index.associated | 49, 182 |
| abstract_inverted_index.gestation; | 168 |
| abstract_inverted_index.omnivores) | 94 |
| abstract_inverted_index.omnivorous | 2, 107 |
| abstract_inverted_index.pregnancy. | 126 |
| abstract_inverted_index.subsequent | 31 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vegetarian | 4, 109, 176 |
| abstract_inverted_index.arachidonic | 116 |
| abstract_inverted_index.attainment, | 136 |
| abstract_inverted_index.confounders | 173 |
| abstract_inverted_index.controlling | 171 |
| abstract_inverted_index.development | 186 |
| abstract_inverted_index.educational | 135 |
| abstract_inverted_index.information | 22 |
| abstract_inverted_index.investigate | 43 |
| abstract_inverted_index.nutritional | 53 |
| abstract_inverted_index.omnivores). | 104 |
| abstract_inverted_index.prospective | 75 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vegetarians | 91, 101 |
| abstract_inverted_index.development. | 15 |
| abstract_inverted_index.neurological | 14 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Vegetarianism | 127 |
| abstract_inverted_index.breastfeeding | 138 |
| abstract_inverted_index.observational | 76 |
| abstract_inverted_index.participating | 72 |
| abstract_inverted_index.vegetarianism | 27, 45 |
| abstract_inverted_index.Concentrations | 155 |
| abstract_inverted_index.concentrations | 114 |
| abstract_inverted_index.neurocognitive | 185 |
| abstract_inverted_index.docosahexaenoic | 118 |
| abstract_inverted_index.neurodevelopment | 161 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.max | 99 |
| cited_by_percentile_year.min | 89 |
| corresponding_author_ids | https://openalex.org/A5085200750 |
| countries_distinct_count | 1 |
| institutions_distinct_count | 11 |
| corresponding_institution_ids | https://openalex.org/I43439940 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].id | https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].score | 0.6100000143051147 |
| sustainable_development_goals[0].display_name | Zero hunger |
| citation_normalized_percentile.value | 0.6970495 |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_1_percent | False |
| citation_normalized_percentile.is_in_top_10_percent | False |