When working memory may be just working, not memory. Article Swipe
Andre Beukers
,
Maia Hamin
,
Kenneth A. Norman
,
Jonathan D. Cohen
·
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000448
YOU?
·
· 2023
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000448
The N-back task is often considered to be a canonical example of a task that relies on working memory (WM), requiring both maintenance of representations of previously presented stimuli and also processing of these representations. In particular, the set-size effect in this task (e.g., poorer performance on three-back than two-back judgments), as in others, is often interpreted as indicating that the task relies on retention and processing of information in a limited-capacity WM system. Here, we consider an alternative possibility: that retention in episodic memory (EM) rather than WM can account for both set-size and lure effects in the N-back task. Accordingly, performance in the N-back task may reflect engagement of the processing ("working") function of WM but not necessarily limits in either that processing ability nor in retention ("memory"). To demonstrate this point, we constructed a neural network model that was augmented with an EM component, but lacked any capacity to retain information across trials in WM, and trained it to perform the N-back task. We show that this model can account for the set-size and lure effects obtained in an N-back study by M. J. Kane et al. (2007), and that it does so as a result of the well-understood effects of temporal distinctiveness on EM retrieval, and the processing of this information in WM. These findings help illuminate the ways in which WM may interact with EM in the service of cognitive function and add to a growing body of evidence that tasks commonly assumed to rely on WM may alternatively (or additionally) rely on EM. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
Related Topics
Concepts
Working memory
Optimal distinctiveness theory
Task (project management)
Set (abstract data type)
Cognitive psychology
Cognition
n-back
Psychology
Function (biology)
Information processing
Computer science
Social psychology
Neuroscience
Evolutionary biology
Biology
Programming language
Management
Economics
Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000448
- OA Status
- hybrid
- Cited By
- 3
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4388628714
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
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https://openalex.org/W4388628714Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
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https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000448Digital Object Identifier
- Title
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When working memory may be just working, not memory.Work title
- Type
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articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
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enPrimary language
- Publication year
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2023Year of publication
- Publication date
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2023-11-13Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Andre Beukers, Maia Hamin, Kenneth A. Norman, Jonathan D. CohenList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000448Publisher landing page
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
hybridOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000448Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Working memory, Optimal distinctiveness theory, Task (project management), Set (abstract data type), Cognitive psychology, Cognition, n-back, Psychology, Function (biology), Information processing, Computer science, Social psychology, Neuroscience, Evolutionary biology, Biology, Programming language, Management, EconomicsTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
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3Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
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2024: 3Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- Related works (count)
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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