Whole Genome Characterization of Leptospira kirschneri Serogroup Pomona in Croatia: Insights into Its Diversity and Evolutionary Emergence Article Swipe
Iva Benvin
,
Taylor K. Paisie
,
Inês Caetano
,
Zachary P. Weiner
,
Robyn A. Stoddard
,
Jay E. Gee
,
Christopher A. Gulvik
,
Chung K. Marston
,
Vesna Mojčec Perko
,
Zrinka Štritof
,
Josipa Habuš
,
Josip Margaletić
,
Marko Vucelja
,
Linda Bjedov
,
Nenad Turk
·
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14090860
YOU?
·
· 2025
· Open Access
·
· DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14090860
Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by pathogenic Leptospira spp. with small rodents serving as the main reservoir. In Croatia, the serogroup Pomona has been detected most frequently, but its genomic diversity remains insufficiently characterized. This study presents the first whole genome sequencing analysis of 48 Croatian Leptospira spp. isolates collected from small rodents over a 14-year period. Serological typing confirmed that all the isolates belonged to the serogroup Pomona. Genomic analysis assigned them to L. kirschneri based on high genomic similarity using average nucleotide identity (ANI). The isolates were assigned to ST-98 using traditional multilocus sequence typing (MLST), while cgMLST identified seven genotype clusters, many of which showed geographic structuring. Phylogenetic analyses based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) supported this structure and revealed a monophyletic clade of Croatian isolates distinct from other global L. kirschneri strains. Serological typing, MLST, and phylogenetic clustering support classification of the isolates as L. kirschneri, serogroup Pomona, most likely serovar Mozdok, although serovar Tsaratsovo cannot be excluded. These results indicate the existence of a geographically restricted and potentially host-adapted lineage of L. kirschneri in Croatia. The integration of ecological, serological, and genomic data in this study emphasizes the value of whole genome sequencing for understanding the population biology of Leptospira spp. serogroup Pomona. Moreover, it supports targeted, country-specific surveillance and control strategies for leptospirosis through the identification of circulating serovars and species in reservoir hosts, in line with a One Health approach.
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Metadata
- Type
- article
- Language
- en
- Landing Page
- https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14090860
- https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/9/860/pdf?version=1756473105
- OA Status
- gold
- Cited By
- 1
- References
- 53
- Related Works
- 10
- OpenAlex ID
- https://openalex.org/W4413825111
All OpenAlex metadata
Raw OpenAlex JSON
- OpenAlex ID
-
https://openalex.org/W4413825111Canonical identifier for this work in OpenAlex
- DOI
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14090860Digital Object Identifier
- Title
-
Whole Genome Characterization of Leptospira kirschneri Serogroup Pomona in Croatia: Insights into Its Diversity and Evolutionary EmergenceWork title
- Type
-
articleOpenAlex work type
- Language
-
enPrimary language
- Publication year
-
2025Year of publication
- Publication date
-
2025-08-29Full publication date if available
- Authors
-
Iva Benvin, Taylor K. Paisie, Inês Caetano, Zachary P. Weiner, Robyn A. Stoddard, Jay E. Gee, Christopher A. Gulvik, Chung K. Marston, Vesna Mojčec Perko, Zrinka Štritof, Josipa Habuš, Josip Margaletić, Marko Vucelja, Linda Bjedov, Nenad TurkList of authors in order
- Landing page
-
https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14090860Publisher landing page
- PDF URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/9/860/pdf?version=1756473105Direct link to full text PDF
- Open access
-
YesWhether a free full text is available
- OA status
-
goldOpen access status per OpenAlex
- OA URL
-
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/9/860/pdf?version=1756473105Direct OA link when available
- Concepts
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Leptospira, Diversity (politics), Evolutionary biology, Genome, Biology, Geography, Genetic diversity, Genetics, Serotype, Virology, Sociology, Demography, Anthropology, Gene, PopulationTop concepts (fields/topics) attached by OpenAlex
- Cited by
-
1Total citation count in OpenAlex
- Citations by year (recent)
-
2025: 1Per-year citation counts (last 5 years)
- References (count)
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53Number of works referenced by this work
- Related works (count)
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10Other works algorithmically related by OpenAlex
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