Opportunistic pathogens switch from a commensal to pathogenic state by sensing and responding to a variety of environmental cues, including temperature fluctuations. Minor temperature oscillations can alert the pathogen to a changing niche ecosystem, necessitating efficient sensing and rapid integration to trigger behavioral change. This is typically achieved through master regulators, dictating pleiotropic phenotypes. Here, we uncover a pivotal role of minor temperature shifts in transition of Streptococcus pneum…

Introduction Multimorbidity—the presence of multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs)—is a major global public health issue. Most current healthcare systems are not designed for populations with high multimorbidity prevalence. Little work to date has explored the economic burden and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) impacts of MLTCs over time. Health economic evaluations and longitudinal MLTC studies have been highlighted as key multimorbidity research priorities. Understanding incremental healthcare resource use…

Abstract The Smith Cloud is a high-velocity cloud (HVC) on its final approach to the Milky Way that shows evidence of interaction with the Galaxy’s disk. We investigate the metallicity and gas-phase chemical depletion patterns in this HVC using UV absorption-line observations toward two background QSOs taken with the Hubble Space Telescope/Cosmic Origin Spectrograph and H i 21 cm emission-line observations taken with Green Bank Telescope. We find evidence of silicon gas-phase depletion with [Si/S] = <mml:math xmln…

Abstract Opportunistic pathogens switch from a commensal to pathogenic state by sensing and responding to a variety of environmental cues, including temperature fluctuations. Minor temperature oscillations can alert the pathogen to a changing niche ecosystem, necessitating efficient sensing and rapid integration to trigger behavioral change. This is typically achieved through master regulators, which act as umbrella systems dictating pleiotropic phenotypes. Here, we uncover a pivotal role of minor temperature shif…

The Smith Cloud is a high-velocity cloud (HVC) on its final approach to the Milky Way that shows evidence of interaction with the Galaxy's disk. We investigate the metallicity and gas-phase chemical depletion patterns in this HVC using UV absorption-line observations toward two background QSOs taken with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/Cosmic Origin Spectrograph (COS) and H I 21-cm emission-line observations taken with Green Bank Telescope (GBT). We find evidence of silicon gas-phase depletion with [Si/S]$=\,-0.7…