A. E. Milodowski
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View article: Penetration of groundwater into crystalline rocks
Penetration of groundwater into crystalline rocks Open
The extent to which crystalline rocks formed at high temperatures become infiltrated by groundwater during prolonged residence near the earth’s surface is evaluated. The study was carried out because rock matrix diffusion, defined as diffu…
View article: Diagenetic evolution of the Bunter Sandstone Formation and its controls on reservoir quality: implications for CO <sub>2</sub> injectivity and storage
Diagenetic evolution of the Bunter Sandstone Formation and its controls on reservoir quality: implications for CO <sub>2</sub> injectivity and storage Open
The Bunter Sandstone Formation (BSF) is a target reservoir for the storage of CO 2 in the UK Southern North Sea (UKSNS). Previous industry studies highlighted diagenetic features that influence fluid flow in the BSF but failed to identify …
View article: Retardation of Chlorine-36 by Cementitious Materials Relevant to the Disposal of Radioactive Wastes
Retardation of Chlorine-36 by Cementitious Materials Relevant to the Disposal of Radioactive Wastes Open
The activation product chlorine-36 (36Cl) is an important radionuclide within the context of the disposal of nuclear wastes, due to its long half-life and environmental mobility. Its behaviour in a range of potential cementitious encapsula…
View article: Can radioactive waste escape? Novel use of deuterium μ-MRI to track fluid migration through barrier materials.
Can radioactive waste escape? Novel use of deuterium μ-MRI to track fluid migration through barrier materials. Open
Nuclear energy currently contributes about 10% of the world’s electricity supply but, at present, there are only interim storage facilities for the accumulated 2.6 x 108 kg of spent nuclear fuel. Geological storage is the universally favou…
View article: Groundwater–rock interactions in crystalline rocks: evidence from SIMS oxygen isotope data
Groundwater–rock interactions in crystalline rocks: evidence from SIMS oxygen isotope data Open
The diffusive exchange of dissolved material between fluid flowing in a fracture and the enclosing wallrocks (rock matrix diffusion) has been proposed as a mechanism by which radionuclides derived from a radioactive waste repository may be…
View article: Isotopic signals in fracture-filling calcite showing anaerobic oxidation of methane in a granitic basement
Isotopic signals in fracture-filling calcite showing anaerobic oxidation of methane in a granitic basement Open
Understanding the long-term redox conditions and the related carbon cycle in groundwater is essential for long-term safety assessment because they affect the performance of barrier systems and radionuclide transport in geological disposal.…
View article: Laser-Based Characterisation of the Copper Uranyl Sulphate, Johannite
Laser-Based Characterisation of the Copper Uranyl Sulphate, Johannite Open
Uranyl sulphate minerals are common alteration phases in uranium mines and uraniferous waste deposits where they occur in conjunction with other products of acidic drainage such as jarosite. Although not persistent in nature due to their h…
View article: Precipitation sequence of fracture-filling calcite in fractured granite and changes in the fractionation process of rare earth elements and yttrium
Precipitation sequence of fracture-filling calcite in fractured granite and changes in the fractionation process of rare earth elements and yttrium Open
This study has focused on the formation sequence and Rare earth elements with yttrium (REY) of fracture-filling calcite in the Toki Granite in the Mizunami area, central Japan. The morphological, chemical, and isotopic characteristics of t…
View article: Gel Formation at the Front of Expanding Calcium Bentonites
Gel Formation at the Front of Expanding Calcium Bentonites Open
The removal of potentially harmful radioactive waste from the anthroposphere will require disposal in geological repositories, the designs of which often favour the inclusion of a clay backfill or engineered barrier around the waste. Bento…
View article: Natural analogue evidence for controls on radionuclide uptake by fractured crystalline rock
Natural analogue evidence for controls on radionuclide uptake by fractured crystalline rock Open
Fractured Crystalline Rocks (FCR) are being considered in several countries as hosts for radioactive waste repositories. In FCR, radionuclides may be transported relatively rapidly by bulk groundwater flow through open fractures, but much …
View article: Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U–Pb carbonate geochronology: strategies, progress, and limitations
Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U–Pb carbonate geochronology: strategies, progress, and limitations Open
Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U–Pb geochronology of carbonate minerals, calcite in particular, is rapidly gaining popularity as an absolute dating method. The high spatial resolution of LA-ICP-MS U…
View article: Retention of technetium-99 by grout and backfill cements: Implications for the safe disposal of radioactive waste
Retention of technetium-99 by grout and backfill cements: Implications for the safe disposal of radioactive waste Open
Technetium-99 (99Tc) is an important radionuclide when considering the disposal of nuclear wastes owing to its long half-life and environmental mobility in the pertechnetate (Tc(VII)) redox state. Its behaviour in a range of potential ceme…
View article: LA-ICP-MS U-Pb carbonate geochronology: strategies, progress, and application to fracture-fill calcite
LA-ICP-MS U-Pb carbonate geochronology: strategies, progress, and application to fracture-fill calcite Open
Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U-Pb geochronology of carbonate minerals, calcite in particular, is rapidly gaining popularity as an absolute dating method. The technique has proven useful for dating…
View article: The Croker Carbonate Slabs: extensive methane-derived authigenic carbonate in the Irish Sea—nature, origin, longevity and environmental significance
The Croker Carbonate Slabs: extensive methane-derived authigenic carbonate in the Irish Sea—nature, origin, longevity and environmental significance Open
The Croker Carbonate Slabs, in the UK sector of the Irish Sea, has shallow (70 to 100 m) water, strong (> 2 knot) tidal currents, coarse mobile surficial sediments and the most extensive methane-derived authigenic carbonate (MDAC) known in…
View article: Subsurface Microbial Hydrogen Cycling: Natural Occurrence and Implications for Industry
Subsurface Microbial Hydrogen Cycling: Natural Occurrence and Implications for Industry Open
Hydrogen is a key energy source for subsurface microbial processes, particularly in subsurface environments with limited alternative electron donors, and environments that are not well connected to the surface. In addition to consumption o…
View article: Palaeohydrogeology using geochemical, isotopic and mineralogical analyses: Salinity and redox evolution in a deep groundwater system through Quaternary glacial cycles
Palaeohydrogeology using geochemical, isotopic and mineralogical analyses: Salinity and redox evolution in a deep groundwater system through Quaternary glacial cycles Open
Mineralogical, geochemical and isotopic analyses of secondary calcites are interpreted as part of an investigation of deep groundwaters in fractured metavolcanic rock overlain by sedimentary rock. Drillcore rock samples and groundwater sam…
View article: Unusual morphologies and the occurrence of pseudomorphs after ikaite (CaCO<sub>3</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O) in fast growing, hyperalkaline speleothems
Unusual morphologies and the occurrence of pseudomorphs after ikaite (CaCO<sub>3</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O) in fast growing, hyperalkaline speleothems Open
Unusual speleothems, associated with hyperalkaline (pH > 12) groundwaters have formed within a shallow, abandoned railway tunnel at Peak Dale, Derbyshire, UK. The hyperalkaline groundwaters are produced by the leaching of a thin layer (<2 …
View article: Assessing the Long-Term Behaviour of the Industrial Bentonites Employed in a Repository for Radioactive Wastes by Studying Natural Bentonites in the Field
Assessing the Long-Term Behaviour of the Industrial Bentonites Employed in a Repository for Radioactive Wastes by Studying Natural Bentonites in the Field Open
Bentonite makes an important contribution to the performance of the engineered barriers in most radioactive waste repository designs. The choice of bentonite results from its favourable properties for waste isolation and its stability in r…
View article: Northern Mediterranean climate since the Middle Pleistocene: a 637 ka stable isotope record from Lake Ohrid (Albania/Macedonia)
Northern Mediterranean climate since the Middle Pleistocene: a 637 ka stable isotope record from Lake Ohrid (Albania/Macedonia) Open
Lake Ohrid (Macedonia/Albania) is an ancient lake with unique biodiversity and a site of global significance for investigating the influence of climate, geological, and tectonic events on the generation of endemic populations. Here, we pre…