Arnaud Gaillot
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View article: Acoustic backscatter processing in GLOBE: an open-source software for echo sounder data analysis
Acoustic backscatter processing in GLOBE: an open-source software for echo sounder data analysis Open
In order to meet the needs of a wide scientific community and take advantage of large echo sounder datasets collected at sea, Ifremer has developed GLOBE (GLobal Oceanographic Bathymetry Explorer), an open-source software program that inte…
View article: Target Tracking in Multibeam Water-Column Images Based on Acoustic Simulation of Beam Forming Artifacts
Target Tracking in Multibeam Water-Column Images Based on Acoustic Simulation of Beam Forming Artifacts Open
Multibeam echosounders have revolutionized underwater exploration, enabling the study of biological and geophysical phenomena such as fish distribution and gas venting. We employed automated deep-learning methods to analyze the large volum…
View article: Instrumental temperature-dependence of backscatter measurements by a multibeam echosounder: findings and implications
Instrumental temperature-dependence of backscatter measurements by a multibeam echosounder: findings and implications Open
Multibeam echosounder Backscatter Strength (BS) measurement is a pivotal tool for seabed mapping and monitoring. However, its effective utilization is contingent upon the resolution of challenges such as environmental influences, calibrati…
View article: Should inactive seafloor massive sulfide deposits from the TAG hydrothermal field be protected?
Should inactive seafloor massive sulfide deposits from the TAG hydrothermal field be protected? Open
With the world’s growing demand for metals, Seafloor Massive Sulfides (SMS) deposits are now seen as a possible mineral resource that could contributes to secure metal supply for human needs. Although inactive or extinct SMS deposits are l…
View article: Deep-learning-based detection of underwater fluids in multiple multibeam echosounder data
Deep-learning-based detection of underwater fluids in multiple multibeam echosounder data Open
Detecting and locating emitted fluids in the water column is necessary for studying margins, identifying natural resources, and preventing geohazards. Fluids can be detected in the water column using multibeam echosounder data. However, ma…
View article: Morphometric fingerprints and downslope evolution in bathymetric surveys: insights into morphodynamics of the Congo canyon-channel
Morphometric fingerprints and downslope evolution in bathymetric surveys: insights into morphodynamics of the Congo canyon-channel Open
Submarine canyons and channels are globally important pathways for sediment, organic carbon, nutrients and pollutants to the deep sea, and they form the largest sediment accumulations on Earth. However, studying these remote submarine syst…
View article: Diversity, spatial distribution and evolution of inactive and weakly active hydrothermal deposits in the TAG hydrothermal field
Diversity, spatial distribution and evolution of inactive and weakly active hydrothermal deposits in the TAG hydrothermal field Open
Introduction: Although, there is an increasing focus on inactive or extinct seafloor massive sulfide (SMS) deposits driven by the possibility of marine mining, only few studies have been devoted to them so far. The Trans-Atlantic Geotraver…
View article: Detection and localisation of fluid emissions in water column data using Deep Learning with acoustic and spatial information
Detection and localisation of fluid emissions in water column data using Deep Learning with acoustic and spatial information Open
Fluid emissions from the seafloor affect ocean chemistry and are involved in the geological processes taking place along active and passive continental margins. These emissions are linked to geological hazards, such as earthquakes, sedimen…
View article: Carbon and sediment fluxes inhibited in the submarine Congo Canyon by landslide-damming
Carbon and sediment fluxes inhibited in the submarine Congo Canyon by landslide-damming Open
Landslide-dams, which are often transient, can strongly affect the geomorphology, and sediment and geochemical fluxes, within subaerial fluvial systems. The potential occurrence and impact of analogous landslide-dams in submarine canyons h…
View article: Longest sediment flows yet measured show how major rivers connect efficiently to deep sea
Longest sediment flows yet measured show how major rivers connect efficiently to deep sea Open
Here we show how major rivers can efficiently connect to the deep-sea, by analysing the longest runout sediment flows (of any type) yet measured in action on Earth. These seafloor turbidity currents originated from the Congo River-mouth, w…
View article: Monitoring a submarine strike-slip fault, using a fiber optic strain cable
Monitoring a submarine strike-slip fault, using a fiber optic strain cable Open
<p>The goal of the ERC (European Research Council) funded project - FOCUS is to apply laser reflectometry on submarine fiber optic cables to detect deformation at the seafloor in real time using BOTDR (Brillouin Optical Time Domain R…
View article: Flood and tides trigger longest measured sediment flow that accelerates for thousand kilometers into deep-sea
Flood and tides trigger longest measured sediment flow that accelerates for thousand kilometers into deep-sea Open
Here we document for the first time how major rivers connect directly to the deep-sea, by analysing the longest runout sediment flows (of any type) yet measured in action. These seafloor turbidity currents originated from the Congo River-m…
View article: Mayotte seismic crisis: building knowledge in near real-time by combining land and ocean-bottom seismometers, first results
Mayotte seismic crisis: building knowledge in near real-time by combining land and ocean-bottom seismometers, first results Open
SUMMARY The brutal onset of seismicity offshore Mayotte island North of the Mozambique Channel, Indian Ocean, that occurred in May 2018 caught the population, authorities and scientific community off guard. Around 20 potentially felt earth…
View article: Novel sensor array helps to understand submarine cable faults off West Africa
Novel sensor array helps to understand submarine cable faults off West Africa Open
Seabed telecommunication cables can be damaged or broken by powerful seafloor flows of sediment (called turbidity currents), which may runout for hundreds of kilometres into the deep ocean. These flows have the potential to affect multiple…
View article: Micro-bathymetric mapping of the North Alfeo strike-slip fault (offshore Catania Sicily): preliminary results from the FocusX1 expedition
Micro-bathymetric mapping of the North Alfeo strike-slip fault (offshore Catania Sicily): preliminary results from the FocusX1 expedition Open
<p>In October 2020, during the marine expedition FocusX1 onboard the research vessel PourquoiPas? microbathymetric mapping was performed using the ROV Victor6000. The main goal was to map the seafloor expression of the North Alfeo fa…
View article: First deployment of a 6-km long fiber-optic strain cable and a seafloor geodetic network, across an active submarine fault (offshore Catania, Sicily): The FOCUS experiment
First deployment of a 6-km long fiber-optic strain cable and a seafloor geodetic network, across an active submarine fault (offshore Catania, Sicily): The FOCUS experiment Open
<p>For the first time, a 6-km long fiber-optic strain cable was deployed across an active fault on the seafloor with the aim to monitor possible tectonic movement using laser reflectometry, 25 km offshore Catania Sicily (an urban are…
View article: Birth of a large volcanic edifice through lithosphere-scale dyking offshore Mayotte (Indian Ocean)
Birth of a large volcanic edifice through lithosphere-scale dyking offshore Mayotte (Indian Ocean) Open
Volcanic eruptions shape Earth's surface and provide a window into deep Earth processes. How the primary asthenospheric melts form, pond and ascend through the lithosphere is, however, still poorly understood. Since 10 May 2018, magmatic a…
View article: Initiation and evolution of knickpoints and their role in cut-and-fill processes in active submarine channels
Initiation and evolution of knickpoints and their role in cut-and-fill processes in active submarine channels Open
Submarine channels are the main conduits and intermediate stores for sediment transport into the deep sea, including organics, pollutants, and microplastics. Key drivers of morphological change in channels are upstream-migrating knickpoint…
View article: Early development of a deep sea volcano offshore Mayotte revealed by seafloor mapping : first results from the MAYOBS cruises
Early development of a deep sea volcano offshore Mayotte revealed by seafloor mapping : first results from the MAYOBS cruises Open
<p>The early development and growth of seamounts are poorly known as the birth of a volcano on the sea bottom has been rarely observed. The on-going Mayotte seismo-volcanic crisis is associated with the formation of a new seafloor vo…
View article: First direct monitoring and time-lapse mapping starts to reveal how a large submarine fan works
First direct monitoring and time-lapse mapping starts to reveal how a large submarine fan works Open
<p>Turbidity currents form many of the largest sediment accumulations, longest channels, and deepest canyons on our planet. These seabed sediment avalanches can be very (> 10 m/s) fast, runout for hundreds of kilometres, and break…
View article: Birth of a large volcanic edifice offshore Mayotte (Comoros Island, Western Indian Ocean)
Birth of a large volcanic edifice offshore Mayotte (Comoros Island, Western Indian Ocean) Open
<p>Volcanic eruptions are foundational events shaping the Earth&#8217;s surface and providing a window into deep Earth processes. We document here an ongoing magmatic event offshore Mayotte island (Western Indian Ocean) unprecede…
View article: The Mayotte seismo-volcanic crisis: characterizing a reactivated volcanic ridge from the upper slope to the abyssal plain using multibeam batymetry and backscatter data
The Mayotte seismo-volcanic crisis: characterizing a reactivated volcanic ridge from the upper slope to the abyssal plain using multibeam batymetry and backscatter data Open
International audience
View article: Gas Bubble Forensics Team Surveils the New Zealand Ocean
Gas Bubble Forensics Team Surveils the New Zealand Ocean Open
An international research group recorded the acoustic signatures of gas bubbles rising from a hydrothermal vent field to gather clues about greenhouse gases escaping into the atmosphere.
View article: Quantitative ocean-column acoustic imaging over the Calypso Hydrothermal Vent Field, Bay of Plenty: first results from R.V. Tangaroa TAN1806-QUOI Voyage
Quantitative ocean-column acoustic imaging over the Calypso Hydrothermal Vent Field, Bay of Plenty: first results from R.V. Tangaroa TAN1806-QUOI Voyage Open
The aim of the TAN1806-QUOI (Quantitative Ocean-Column Imaging using hydroacoustics) voyage on RV Tangaroa was to improved methods to characterise bubbles in the water column originating from seafloor targets such as cold gas seeps and hyd…