Akihiko Ito
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View article: Estimation of methane emissions from inundated areas in northern Eurasia using a process-based model and remotely sensed inundation dynamics data
Estimation of methane emissions from inundated areas in northern Eurasia using a process-based model and remotely sensed inundation dynamics data Open
Northern wetlands are one of the largest sources of methane (CH 4 ), a potent greenhouse gas, and are subject to ongoing rapid climate change. This study attempted to evaluate the CH 4 emissions from northern Eurasia using a process-based …
View article: Evaluating biogeophysical sensitivities to idealized deforestation in CMIP6 models using observational constraints
Evaluating biogeophysical sensitivities to idealized deforestation in CMIP6 models using observational constraints Open
Forests are an important component in the framework of nature-based solutions for mitigating climate change. However, there are still uncertainties about the biogeophysical effects of forest cover changes affecting heat and water fluxes as…
View article: Global Carbon Budget 2025
Global Carbon Budget 2025 Open
Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate is critical to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the…
View article: Shifting dominant periods in extreme climate impacts under global warming
Shifting dominant periods in extreme climate impacts under global warming Open
Spatio-temporal patterns of extreme climate events have been extensively studied, yet two questions remain underexplored: Do such events occur regularly, and how do regularity patterns change under global warming? We address these question…
View article: Comparison of Spectrum Coverage Score-based Antimicrobial Consumption in Acute Care Hospitals Over Eight Years: A Multicentric Study
Comparison of Spectrum Coverage Score-based Antimicrobial Consumption in Acute Care Hospitals Over Eight Years: A Multicentric Study Open
Background Progress in antimicrobial stewardship programs has introduced new means of assessing antimicrobial use. Days of antibiotic spectrum coverage (DASC) incorporate spectrum data into traditional metrics, such as days of therapy (DOT…
View article: Diagnosing linearity along the carbon cascade in terrestrial biosphere models
Diagnosing linearity along the carbon cascade in terrestrial biosphere models Open
Elevated carbon dioxide (eCO 2 ) fertilises photosynthesis, driving an increase in terrestrial gross primary production (GPP). However, it is unclear how effectively increased GPP propagates along the “carbon (C) cascade” to increase net p…
View article: Mining global soil carbon datasets: can modern machine learning uncover the missing pieces of process-based models?
Mining global soil carbon datasets: can modern machine learning uncover the missing pieces of process-based models? Open
The future of terrestrial soil carbon stocks plays a crucial role in climate change prediction. Modern machine learning techniques are now widely applied in soil science to predict the spatial distribution of soil properties from observati…
View article: Impacts of Climate Change Interventions on Biodiversity, Water, the Food System and Human Health and Well‐Being
Impacts of Climate Change Interventions on Biodiversity, Water, the Food System and Human Health and Well‐Being Open
Climate change threatens biodiversity, water, food and human health and well‐being. Rapid, sustained mitigation and adaptation actions can benefit all these elements of the nexus. Key transitions in energy, land and marine ecosystems, urba…
View article: Amazon dieback beyond the 21st century under high-emission scenarios by Earth System models
Amazon dieback beyond the 21st century under high-emission scenarios by Earth System models Open
The Amazon rainforest, the world’s largest tropical forest, plays a crucial role in climate regulation but faces risks of dieback under climate change. Here, we examine the Amazon dieback projections from state-of-the-art Earth System Mode…
View article: Importance of plant functional type, dynamic vegetation, and fire interactions for process-based modeling of gross carbon uptake across the drylands of western North America
Importance of plant functional type, dynamic vegetation, and fire interactions for process-based modeling of gross carbon uptake across the drylands of western North America Open
Drylands cover ~41 % of the Earth’s land surface and contribute more than one third of the global net primary productivity. Several studies have demonstrated that drylands play a crucial role in global carbon cycle interannual variability.…
View article: Multi-observational estimation of regional and sectoral emission contributions to the persistent high growth rate of atmospheric CH <sub>4</sub> for 2020–2022
Multi-observational estimation of regional and sectoral emission contributions to the persistent high growth rate of atmospheric CH <sub>4</sub> for 2020–2022 Open
Atmospheric methane (CH4) growth rates reached unprecedented values in the years 2020–2022. To identify the main drivers of this increase, an inverse modeling study estimated regional and sectoral emission changes for 2016–2022. Three inve…
View article: Prediction of surgery start for automated anesthesia using draping detection from surveillance videos
Prediction of surgery start for automated anesthesia using draping detection from surveillance videos Open
One of the primary goals of automated anesthesia is to reduce human intervention and reduce the workload of anesthesiologists. However, switching modes before the start of surgery still requires manual operation. The present study aims to …
View article: Biogeochemical versus biogeophysical temperature effects of historical land-use change in CMIP6
Biogeochemical versus biogeophysical temperature effects of historical land-use change in CMIP6 Open
Anthropogenic land-use change (LUC) substantially impacts climate dynamics, primarily through modifications in the surface biogeophysical (BGP) and biogeochemical (BGC) fluxes, which alter the exchange of energy, water, and carbon with the…
View article: Long-term and interannual variations of atmospheric methane observed by the NIES and collaborative observation networks
Long-term and interannual variations of atmospheric methane observed by the NIES and collaborative observation networks Open
Effective action for climate change mitigation requires an accurate understanding of global greenhouse gas budgets, including those of methane (CH 4 ). Atmospheric measurement data provide key constraints for estimating the magnitudes and …
View article: Best practices in software development for robust and reproducible geoscientific models based on insights from the Global Carbon Project models
Best practices in software development for robust and reproducible geoscientific models based on insights from the Global Carbon Project models Open
Computational models play an increasingly vital role in scientific research, by numerically simulating processes that cannot be solved analytically. Such models are fundamental in geosciences and offer critical insights into the impacts of…
View article: Global Methane Budget 2000–2020
Global Methane Budget 2000–2020 Open
Understanding and quantifying the global methane (CH4) budget is important for assessing realistic pathways to mitigate climate change. CH4 is the second most important human-influenced greenhouse gas in terms of climate forcing after carb…
View article: Process-based modeling of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence with VISIT-SIF version 1.0
Process-based modeling of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence with VISIT-SIF version 1.0 Open
Satellite retrievals of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) can provide opportunities to improve our understanding of terrestrial ecosystem dynamics and the carbon cycle at the global scale. Here, we present a new biogeochemical p…
View article: Methane emissions from Australia estimated by inverse analysis using in-situ and Satellite (GOSAT) atmospheric observations
Methane emissions from Australia estimated by inverse analysis using in-situ and Satellite (GOSAT) atmospheric observations Open
Australia has significant sources of atmospheric methane (CH₄), driven by extensive coal and natural gas production, livestock, and large-scale fires. Accurate quantification and characterization of CH₄ emissions are critical for effective…
View article: Historical trends and controlling factors of isoprene emissions in CMIP6 Earth system models
Historical trends and controlling factors of isoprene emissions in CMIP6 Earth system models Open
Terrestrial isoprene, a biogenic volatile organic compound emitted by many plants, indirectly influences Earth's radiative balance through its interactions with atmospheric oxidants, affecting ozone formation, methane lifetime, and seconda…
View article: Evaluating biogeophysical sensitivities to idealized deforestation in CMIP6 models using observational constraints
Evaluating biogeophysical sensitivities to idealized deforestation in CMIP6 models using observational constraints Open
Forests are an important component in the framework of nature-based solutions for mitigating climate change. However, there are still uncertainties about the biogeophysical effects of forest cover changes affecting heat and water fluxes as…
View article: Consistency of global carbon budget between concentration- and emission-driven historical experiments simulated by CMIP6 Earth system models and suggestions for improved simulation of CO <sub>2</sub> concentration
Consistency of global carbon budget between concentration- and emission-driven historical experiments simulated by CMIP6 Earth system models and suggestions for improved simulation of CO <sub>2</sub> concentration Open
Anthropogenically emitted CO2 from fossil fuel use and land use change is partly absorbed by terrestrial ecosystems and the ocean, while the remainder retained in the atmosphere adds to the ongoing increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration…
View article: Multi-model intercomparison of northern peatland carbon cycle&#160;
Multi-model intercomparison of northern peatland carbon cycle  Open
Peatlands cover only 3% of Earth’s land surface but contain about 30% of the global soil carbon pool. Derived predominantly from plant litter and moss accretions, peat deposits are critically sensitive to environmental dynamics such …
View article: Projected exposure of terrestrial vertebrates to different extreme climate events reveals high vulnerability to multiple hazards
Projected exposure of terrestrial vertebrates to different extreme climate events reveals high vulnerability to multiple hazards Open
Climate change is intensifying extreme climate events, fundamentally altering ecosystem disturbance regimes. Impacts on biodiversity are typically assessed using climate model outputs (i.e., temperature, precipitation) or by focusing on on…
View article: Application of Precast RC Slab Pavements at Airports
Application of Precast RC Slab Pavements at Airports Open
Concrete pavements are generally used for airport aprons. Recently, concrete has often been applied also to taxiways in response to the recent introduction of larger aircraft and increased aircraft operations. As a practical measure for co…
View article: Ensemble estimates of global wetland methane emissions over 2000–2020
Ensemble estimates of global wetland methane emissions over 2000–2020 Open
Due to ongoing climate change, methane (CH4) emissions from vegetated wetlands are projected to increase during the 21st century, challenging climate mitigation efforts aimed at limiting global warming. However, despite reports of rising e…