Andrew Gould
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View article: KMT-2022-BLG-1818Lb,c: A Cold Super-Jupiter with a Saturn Sibling
KMT-2022-BLG-1818Lb,c: A Cold Super-Jupiter with a Saturn Sibling Open
We present the discovery and analysis of the sixth microlensing two-planet system, KMT-2022-BLG-1818Lb,c, detected by a follow-up program targeting high-magnification events. The second planet was identified from implausible physical param…
View article: Dynamic release of extracellular particles after opening of the blood-brain barrier predicts glioblastoma susceptibility to paclitaxel
Dynamic release of extracellular particles after opening of the blood-brain barrier predicts glioblastoma susceptibility to paclitaxel Open
Liquid biopsies hold promise to improve the diagnosis, assessment of response to therapy, and ultimately guide the management of cancer patients. However, implementation of this approach in brain tumors has proven challenging due to the li…
View article: Binary-lens Microlensing Degeneracy: Impact on Planetary Sensitivity and Mass-ratio Function
Binary-lens Microlensing Degeneracy: Impact on Planetary Sensitivity and Mass-ratio Function Open
Gravitational microlensing is a unique method for discovering cold planets across a broad mass range. Reliable statistics of the microlensing planets require accurate sensitivity estimates. However, the impact of the degeneracies in binary…
View article: DDEL-30. Multi-Omic Profiling of Human Peritumoral Brain Following Ultrasound-Mediated BBB Disruption Reveals Microglial Reprogramming and Enhanced Endothelial Crosstalk
DDEL-30. Multi-Omic Profiling of Human Peritumoral Brain Following Ultrasound-Mediated BBB Disruption Reveals Microglial Reprogramming and Enhanced Endothelial Crosstalk Open
Low-intensity pulsed-ultrasound coupled with microbubbles can transiently permeabilize the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and is being explored as a drug-delivery approach for treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). We hypothesized that sonication wou…
View article: A Comprehensive Analysis of Three Microlensing Planet Candidates with the Planet/Binary Degeneracy
A Comprehensive Analysis of Three Microlensing Planet Candidates with the Planet/Binary Degeneracy Open
We present observations and analyses of three high-magnification microlensing events: KMT-2022-BLG-0954, KMT-2024-BLG-0697, and MOA-2024-BLG-018. All three exhibit the “Planet/Binary” degeneracy, with planetary solutions corresponding to m…
View article: A Comprehensive Analysis of Three Microlensing Planet Candidates with the Planet/Binary Degeneracy
A Comprehensive Analysis of Three Microlensing Planet Candidates with the Planet/Binary Degeneracy Open
We present observations and analyses of three high-magnification microlensing events: KMT-2022-BLG-0954, KMT-2024-BLG-0697, and MOA-2024-BLG-018. All three exhibit the "Planet/Binary" degeneracy, with planetary solutions corresponding to m…
View article: Three binary-source binary-lens microlensing events from the 2024 microlensing campaign
Three binary-source binary-lens microlensing events from the 2024 microlensing campaign Open
We investigated microlensing events detected by the OGLE and KMTNet surveys during the 2024 observing season, focusing on those that exhibit very complex anomaly features. Through this analysis, we found that the light curves of three even…
View article: "Industrial-Scale" Black Hole Selection without a Satellite
"Industrial-Scale" Black Hole Selection without a Satellite Open
The forthcoming GRAVITY+ instrument promises to usher in an era of "industrial-scale" mass measurements of isolated black holes (BHs), with the potential to assemble a sample of many tens of BHs via interferometric microlensing over severa…
View article: Six microlensing planets detected via sub-day signals during the 2023 -- 2024 season
Six microlensing planets detected via sub-day signals during the 2023 -- 2024 season Open
We present analyses of six microlensing events: KMT-2023-BLG-0548, KMT-2023-BLG-0830, KMT-2023-BLG-0949, KMT-2024-BLG-1281, KMT-2024-BLG-2059, and KMT-2024-BLG-2242. These were identified in KMTNet data from the 2023 -- 2024 seasons, selec…
View article: Four binary microlenses with directly measured masses
Four binary microlenses with directly measured masses Open
Aims. We investigated binary-lens events from the 2022–2024 microlensing surveys, aiming to identify events suitable for lens mass measurements. We focused on two key light curve features: distinct caustic spikes with resolved crossings fo…
View article: KMT-2024-BLG-0404L: A triple microlensing system consisting of a star, a brown dwarf, and a planet
KMT-2024-BLG-0404L: A triple microlensing system consisting of a star, a brown dwarf, and a planet Open
Aims . We have investigated the lensing event KMT-2024-BLG-0404. The light curve of the event exhibited a complex structure with multiple distinct features, including two prominent caustic spikes, two cusp bumps, and a brief discontinuous …
View article: Towards sub-milliarcsecond astrometric precision using seeing-limited imaging
Towards sub-milliarcsecond astrometric precision using seeing-limited imaging Open
The Earth's atmospheric turbulence degrades the precision of ground-based astrometry. Here we discuss these limitations and propose that, with proper treatment of systematics and by leveraging the many epochs available from the Korean Micr…
View article: KMT-2024-BLG-0404L: A triple microlensing system consisting of a star, a brown dwarf, and a planet
KMT-2024-BLG-0404L: A triple microlensing system consisting of a star, a brown dwarf, and a planet Open
We have investigated the lensing event KMT-2024-BLG-0404. The light curve of the event exhibited a complex structure with multiple distinct features, including two prominent caustic spikes, two cusp bumps, and a brief discontinuous feature…
View article: KMT-2022-BLG-0086: Another Binary-lens Binary-source Microlensing Event
KMT-2022-BLG-0086: Another Binary-lens Binary-source Microlensing Event Open
We present the analysis of a microlensing event KMT-2022-BLG-0086 of which the overall light curve is not described by a binary-lens single-source (2L1S) model, which suggests the existence of an extra lens or an extra source. We found tha…
View article: HST pre-imaging of a free-floating planet candidate microlensing event
HST pre-imaging of a free-floating planet candidate microlensing event Open
High-cadence microlensing observations uncovered a population of very short-timescale microlensing events, which are believed to be caused by the population of free-floating planets (FFP) roaming the Milky Way. Unfortunately, the light cur…
View article: KMT-2022-BLG-0086: Another binary-lens binary-source microlensing event
KMT-2022-BLG-0086: Another binary-lens binary-source microlensing event Open
We present the analysis of a microlensing event KMT-2022-BLG-0086 of which the overall light curve is not described by a binary-lens single-source (2L1S) model, which suggests the existence of an extra lens or an extra source. We found tha…
View article: MOA-2022-BLG-091Lb and KMT-2024-BLG-1209Lb: Microlensing planets detected through weak caustic-crossing signals
MOA-2022-BLG-091Lb and KMT-2024-BLG-1209Lb: Microlensing planets detected through weak caustic-crossing signals Open
Aims . The light curves of the microlensing events MOA-2022-BLG-091 and KMT-2024-BLG-1209 exhibit anomalies with very similar features. These anomalies appear near the peaks of the light curves, where the magnifications are moderately high…
View article: MOA-2022-BLG-091Lb and KMT-2024-BLG-1209Lb: Microlensing planets detected through weak caustic-crossing signals
MOA-2022-BLG-091Lb and KMT-2024-BLG-1209Lb: Microlensing planets detected through weak caustic-crossing signals Open
The light curves of the microlensing events MOA-2022-BLG-091 and KMT-2024-BLG-1209 exhibit anomalies with very similar features. These anomalies appear near the peaks of the light curves, where the magnifications are moderately high, and a…
View article: KMT-2022-BLG-1818Lb,c: A Cold Super-Jupiter with a Saturn Sibling
KMT-2022-BLG-1818Lb,c: A Cold Super-Jupiter with a Saturn Sibling Open
We present the discovery and analysis of the sixth microlensing two-planet system, KMT-2022-BLG-1818Lb,c, detected by a follow-up program targeting high-magnification events. Both planets are subject to the well-known ''Close/Wide'' degene…
View article: Systematic Reanalysis of KMTNet Microlensing Events. II. Two New Planets in Giant-source Events
Systematic Reanalysis of KMTNet Microlensing Events. II. Two New Planets in Giant-source Events Open
In this work, we continue to apply the updated KMTNet tender-love care photometric pipeline to historical microlensing events. We apply the pipeline to a subsample of events from the KMTNet database, which we refer to as the giant source s…
View article: Four Planets Found through Microlensing Events Involving Faint Source Stars
Four Planets Found through Microlensing Events Involving Faint Source Stars Open
To conduct a comprehensive demographic study of microlensing planets, it is essential to detect all planetary signals that exceed a predefined threshold through a detailed analysis of survey data. We reanalyzed previous data from the Korea…
View article: Microlensing events indicate that super-Earth exoplanets are common in Jupiter-like orbits
Microlensing events indicate that super-Earth exoplanets are common in Jupiter-like orbits Open
Exoplanets classified as super-Earths are commonly observed on short-period orbits, close to their host stars, but their abundance on wider orbits is poorly constrained. Gravitational microlensing is sensitive to exoplanets on wide orbits.…
View article: Systematic Search for FFPs in KMTNet Full-Frame Images. I. Photometry Pipeline
Systematic Search for FFPs in KMTNet Full-Frame Images. I. Photometry Pipeline Open
To exhume the buried signatures of free-floating planets (FFPs) with small angular Einstein radius $θ_{\rm E}$, we build a new full-frame difference image pipeline for the Korean Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet) survey based on the …
View article: Analyses of anomalous lensing events detected from the UKIRT microlensing survey
Analyses of anomalous lensing events detected from the UKIRT microlensing survey Open
Aims. The United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT) microlensing survey was conducted over four years, from 2016 to 2019, with the goal of serving as a precursor to future near-infrared microlensing surveys. Focusing on stars in the Galact…
View article: Analyses of anomalous lensing events detected from the UKIRT microlensing survey
Analyses of anomalous lensing events detected from the UKIRT microlensing survey Open
The United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT) microlensing survey was conducted over four years, from 2016 to 2019, with the goal of serving as a precursor to future near-infrared microlensing surveys (Shvartzvald et al. 2017). Focusing on…
View article: <tt>LensNet</tt>: Enhancing Real-time Microlensing Event Discovery with Recurrent Neural Networks in the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network
LensNet: Enhancing Real-time Microlensing Event Discovery with Recurrent Neural Networks in the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network Open
Traditional microlensing event vetting methods require highly trained human experts, and the process is both complex and time consuming. This reliance on manual inspection often leads to inefficiencies and constrains the ability to scale f…
View article: Observations of Microlensed Images with Dual-field Interferometry: On-sky Demonstration and Prospects
Observations of Microlensed Images with Dual-field Interferometry: On-sky Demonstration and Prospects Open
Interferometric observations of gravitational microlensing events offer an opportunity for precise, efficient, and direct mass and distance measurements of lensing objects, especially those of isolated neutron stars and black holes. Howeve…
View article: MOA-2022-BLG-033Lb, KMT-2023-BLG-0119Lb, and KMT-2023-BLG-1896Lb: Three low mass-ratio microlensing planets detected through dip signals
MOA-2022-BLG-033Lb, KMT-2023-BLG-0119Lb, and KMT-2023-BLG-1896Lb: Three low mass-ratio microlensing planets detected through dip signals Open
Aims . We examined the anomalies in the light curves of the lensing events MOA-2022-BLG-033, KMT-2023-BLG-0119, and KMT- 2023-BLG-1896. These anomalies share similar traits: they occur near the peak of moderately to highly magnified events…
View article: MOA-2022-BLG-033Lb, KMT-2023-BLG-0119Lb, and KMT-2023-BLG-1896Lb: Three low mass-ratio microlensing planets detected through dip signals
MOA-2022-BLG-033Lb, KMT-2023-BLG-0119Lb, and KMT-2023-BLG-1896Lb: Three low mass-ratio microlensing planets detected through dip signals Open
We examined the anomalies in the light curves of the lensing events MOA-2022-BLG-033, KMT-2023-BLG-0119, and KMT-2023-BLG-1896. We conducted detailed modeling of the light curves to uncover the nature of the anomalies. This modeling reveal…
View article: First Resolution of Microlensed Images of a Binary-lens Event
First Resolution of Microlensed Images of a Binary-lens Event Open
We resolve the multiple images of the binary-lens microlensing event ASASSN-22av using the GRAVITY instrument of the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI). The light curves show weak binary-lens perturbations, complicating the analysi…