Explanipedia

Askin Tumour on Tc-99m MDP Bone Scan Open

Mariyam Waseem, Fatima Yousaf, Aamna Hassan, Ahmad Quraishy · 2025

Askin tumour is a rare primitive neuroectodermal tumour of the chest wall belonging to Ewing family of tumours. It is diagnosed on histopathology and imaged with CT and MRI. Typical symptoms include pain, dyspnoea and weight loss.Generally…

Ascites in Breast Cancer: Progression from Negative Cytology to Avid Peritoneal Involvement Open

Duraksh Arshad, Sana Munir Gill, Tahir Mehmood, Aamna Hassan · 2025

Malignant ascites is caused by various factors such as lymphatic obstruction, increased vascular permeability and immuneresponse. It presents a significant clinical challenge to the treating physicians considering limited treatment options…

Triple Tumors Uncovered: Insights from 68Ga PSMA PET-CT Open

Sana Munir Gill, Aamna Hassan, W. S. H. Munirah W Ahmad, Islah Ud Din · 2025

Galium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (⁶⁸Ga PSMA PET-CT) is receptor specific imaging, which has increasingly been used in the staging and restaging of prosta…

Neurolymphomatosis: The Sinister Face of Lymphoma Open

Sana Munir Gill, Aamna Hassan, Pir Abdul Ahad Qureshi, Humayun Bashir · 2025

Neurolymphomatosis (NL) is a rare clinical condition characterized by the infiltration of malignant lymphocytes into the cranial or peripheral nerves, nerve roots, or plexus. Diagnosis can be clinically challenging due to its variable pres…

Seeing Through the Density: A Case of Misleading BMD Results on bone densitometry Open

Syeda Hadia Najam, Aamna Hassan · 2025

Bone mineral densitometry (BMD) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is widely recognized as the standardmethod for evaluating bone density. DXA produces attenuation maps that aid in measuring BMD. Non-relevant findingsare commonly…

The Added Value of Volumetric Parameters in PSMA PET/CT In Follow-Up of Patients with Prostate Cancer Open

Ahmed Abdelsamie Kandeel, Mohamed Houseni, Ahmed Abdelhafeez Mohamed Abdelhafeez, Aamna Hassan, Mohamed Osman · 2025

Background: Prostate cancer, the 2nd most frequent cancer-related death among males in the United States, is primarily found in the male reproductive organ. Aim: To evaluate the role of PSMA PET/CT-derived volumetric quantitative parameter…

Biophysical validation of explainable AI for functional brain imaging: bridging cellular mechanisms and network dynamics Open

Anthony Strock, Trang-Anh E. Nghiem, Alex De Lecea, Aamna Hassan, Srikanth Ryali , et al. · 2025

Deep neural networks have revolutionized functional neuroimaging analysis but remain “black boxes,” concealing which brain mechanisms and regions drive their predictions—a critical limitation for clinical neuroscience. Here we develop and …

Stereotypical depiction of Erdheim-Chester Disease on Tc-99m MDP skeletal scintigraphy Open

Syeda Azam Najam, Xain Tauqeer, Aamna Hassan, Kashif Siddique · 2025

Erdheim-Chester Disease (ECD) is a rare systemic histiocytic disorder characterized by symmetrical skeletal involvementand variable visceral manifestations. Tc-99m MDP bone scintigraphy, CT, MRI, and FDG PET-CT are essential for diagnosisa…

Lung Perfusion Scan for Pulmonary Embolism and Shunt Detection: An Effective Diagnostic Tool Open

Sana Munir Gill, Ahsan Ijaz, Aamna Hassan · 2025

Pulmonary embolism (PE) can lead to chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) which can resultin right heart failure. Therefore, timely management of this condition can save patients from serious complications.In the department…

Hot Quadrate Sign Under Focus of F18-FDG PET-CT: An Incidental Finding Open

Ayesha Zubair, Aamna Hassan · 2024

“Hot quadrate lobe sign” refers to visualization of caudate lobe of liver due to excess accumulation of radiotracersecondary to superior vena cava obstruction. Collateral channels are formed between thoracic and mediastinalvessels; interna…

Unexpected Victory: High-Risk Papillary Thyroid Cancer with Distant Metastases Shows Extraordinary Response to First RAI Treatment Open

Muntaha Fatima Rana, Fatima Ibrahim, Aamna Hassan · 2024

Papillary Thyroid Cancer (PTC) is the most prevalent type of differentiated thyroid cancer. Its incidence is growingworldwide although it has low death rates. Treatment includes surgery followed by radioactive iodine therapy.Patients are f…

Insight into paraneoplastic vasculitis associated with adenocarcinoma colon on F18-FDG PET-CT Open

Ayesha Zubair, Ahmed Qureshyl, Aamna Hassan · 2024

Paraneoplastic vasculitis is a rare entity usually seen in haematological malignancies. Its incidence is even more rarein solid tumours like breast, renal, colon and lung. F-18 FDG PET-CT is commonly used to differentiate betweenactive vas…

Hepatic Visualization on DXA Scan: An Ancilliary Finding Open

Ayesha Zubair, Sana Munir Gill, Aamna Hassan · 2024

Thalassemia major is a genetic haemoglobinopathy manifesting as severe anaemia, jaundice and hepatosplenomegaly.Due to altered iron metabolism and increased bone resorption it is associated with secondary osteoporosis manifested asdecrease…

Solitary Osseous Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma on SPECT/CT Open

Sana Munir Gill, Ajeej Ijaz, Aamna Hassan, Hajira Ilyas · 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), sixth most common cancer world-over, commonly metastasizes to lung, lymph nodes and adrenal glands. Incidence of osseous metastases in HCC has been reported to be 3-20 % which occurs predominantly in the axi…

Incidental finding of Psuedomyxoma Peritonei in Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour Open

Sana Munir Gill, Mariyam Waseem, Humayun Bashir, Aamna Hassan · 2024

Psuedomyxoma peritonei is an infrequent clinical entity characterised by intraperitoneal mucinous/gelatinous ascites produced by the cancerous cells. It has been associated with gastrointestinal, gynaecological, lung and breast tumours. It…

EFFECTS OF INSOLES WITH AND WITHOUT SHORT FOOT EXERCISES ON PAIN, DISABILITY AND FOOT POSTURE IN CHILDREN WITH PES PLANUS Open

Dr Eram Aslam, M. H. Nasim, A Bhat Shabir, Arnab Altaf, Aamna Hassan , et al. · 2024

Background: Pes Planus, commonly known as flatfoot, is a condition that can lead to significant discomfort and functional impairment. While various treatments have been proposed, the effectiveness of combining shoe insoles with Short Foot …

Retrospective Diagnosis of Ca Thyroid on Thyroid Pertechnetate Scan –A part of Routine Post Thyroidectomy Work up For Nontoxic Multi Nodular Goiter Open

Kahkashan Bashir Mir, Ayesha Ammar, Sadaf Batool, Naseer Ahmad, Adnan Saeed , et al. · 2023

Unsuspected thyroid cancer can be detected in multinodular goiter (MNG) where the risk of malignancy is 7-9%. Fine needle aspiration (FNAc) is performed in case of suspicious findings on ultrasound. With benign FNAC results there is no nee…

Rapidly growing massive abdominal sarcomatoid carcinoma on F18-FDG PET-CT scan Open

Tanzil Sajid, Aamna Hassan · 2023

Sarcomatoid carcinoma is a rare type of tumour and most commonly arises in the lungs. However, rarely can it also be found in the abdomen. Sarcomatoid tumours are aggressive with large tumoural volume showing cancerous epithelial cells mix…

Clinical significance of dermal backflow on lymphoscintigraphy in patients with lower limb edema Open

Tanzil Sajid, Aamna Hassan · 2023

Chronic blockage of the lymphatic system due to functional or anatomical causes results in lymphoedema which results inswelling due to accumulation of lymphatic fluid in the soft tissue. Lymphoedema commonly affects the upper and lowerlimb…

Hepatic Haemangioma: A Diagnostic Dilemma with an Easy Solution Open

Haider Bin Khalid, Aamna Hassan, Sana Munir Gill · 2023

Hepatic Haemangioma is the most common benign liver tumour. There are two types of haemangiomas: capillary haemangioma and cavernous haemangiomas. The term “giant haemangioma” is reserved for lesions larger than 5 cm. Given the abundance o…

Spectrum of technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate (99mTc MDP) uptake in Osteosarcoma Open

Sana Munir Gill, Sadaf Mufty, Aamna Hassan · 2023

Osteosarcoma is a frequently occurring primary skeletal malignancy in the adolescent population. It arises from primitive mesenchymal bone forming cells and frequently involves long bones near the metaphyseal growth plate. Multiple imaging…

I-131 Avid Tumor Thrombus in a Case of Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Open

Sana Munir Gill, Aamna Hassan, Humayun Bashir, Waqas Shafiq · 2023

Intravenous tumor extension is a well-recognized phenomenon occurring in various malignancies but is a relatively rare entity in thyroid carcinoma. In patients with poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (pDTC), I-131 avid superior vena cava…

A 17-year-old girl with massive Intra-abdominal Germ Cell Tumour Open

Palwasha Rehman, Aamna Hassan · 2022

Teratomas comprise of three germ layers. Mature cystic teratomas are the most common among them. Due to cystic and solid components the radiological presentation varies. Even today surgical resection is the treatment of choice for mature t…

Superscan on 18F-FDG PET-CT imaging for lymphoma: how frequent is it? Open

Pir Abdul Ahad Qureshi, Javaria Aleem, Imran Khalid Niazi, Aamna Hassan, Humayun Bashir · 2022

This retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the frequency of PET superscan in baseline staging scans of lymphoma patients.Thestudy was conducted at theShaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital, Lahore, from October 1, 2018 to August 3…

Diffuse hepatic uptake on bone scan in a terminally ill osteosarcoma patient Open

Muntaha Fatima Rana, Aamna Hassan · 2022

Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate (MDP) bone scan is an effective tool for the evaluation of benign and malignant skeletal disorders. Hepatic uptake on bone scan is an unexpected finding and whenever present, the cause must be determined as t…

Short Latency Radiation Induced Osteosarcoma Detected on <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT Scan in Solitary Plasmacytoma Open

Sana Munir Gill, Aamna Hassan, Namra Asghar, Usman Ahmad, Umm e Kalsoom Awan , et al. · 2022

¹⁸Fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) plays a pivotal role in the staging, restaging, and surveillance of various bone tumors, including plasmacytomas and os…

Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: Distant Metastasis as an Unusual Sole Initial Manifestation Open

Rahim Dhanani, Muhammad Faisal, Mahir Akram, Osama Shakeel, Muhammad Toqeer Zahid , et al. · 2021

Distant metastases without a neck lump as the initial presentation of well-differentiated thyroid cancers are extremely rare. No specific guidelines are available to manage such patients due to lack of relevant data in the literature.

Bleomycin Toxicity - Findings on FDG PET CT. Open

Sadaf Mufty, Mairah Razi, Aamna Hassan · 2021

Bleomycin, an antitumour antibiotic, is an essential part of treatment for multiple curable cancers, most commonly Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) and germ cell tumours. Major limitation of its use is lung toxicity. Early diagnosis and treatment of …

"Superscan" on F18‑fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography - Computed Tomography [18‑F] FDG PET-CT. Open

Myda Muzaffar, Aamna Hassan · 2021

"Superscan" features have been described in 18F FDG PET-CT (F18 fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography‑Computed Tomography) scan; characterized by significantly increased uptake in one or more organ systems resulting in absent or …

Crossed Cerebellar diaschisis on F-18 FDG PET-CT scan: An unexpected finding. Open

Sadaf Mufty, Aamna Hassan · 2021

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