Aaron J. Gorelik
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View article: Ethics of AI in healthcare: a scoping review demonstrating applicability of a foundational framework
Ethics of AI in healthcare: a scoping review demonstrating applicability of a foundational framework Open
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly being adopted across many industries including healthcare. This has brought forth the development of many new independent ethical frameworks for responsible use of AI within institutions and com…
View article: Leveraging Genomic Data to Examine the Causal Impact of Alcohol, Tobacco, Cannabis, and Opioid Use on Biological and Cognitive Ageing
Leveraging Genomic Data to Examine the Causal Impact of Alcohol, Tobacco, Cannabis, and Opioid Use on Biological and Cognitive Ageing Open
Although substance use is associated with a shortened lifespan, impeded health and accelerated biological ageing, the factors contributing to the associations between substance use and ageing are poorly understood. We used summary statisti…
View article: Psychiatric genome-wide association study enrichment shows promise for future psychopharmaceutical discoveries
Psychiatric genome-wide association study enrichment shows promise for future psychopharmaceutical discoveries Open
Background Innovation in psychiatric therapeutics has stagnated on known mechanisms. Psychiatric genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of genome-wide significant (GWS) loci that have rapidly advanced our understan…
View article: Borderline personality features moderate trajectories of health and well-being around retirement.
Borderline personality features moderate trajectories of health and well-being around retirement. Open
With increasing percentages of the population in retirement, or approaching retirement, it is important to better understand how an individual's health and well-being may change during the retirement transition and for whom this transition…
View article: Genetic influences for distinct impulsivity domains are differentially associated with early substance use initiation: Results from the ABCD Study
Genetic influences for distinct impulsivity domains are differentially associated with early substance use initiation: Results from the ABCD Study Open
Background Impulsivity is among the strongest correlates of substance involvement and its distinct domains (e.g., sensation seeking, urgency) are differentially correlated, phenotypically and genetically, with unique substance involvement …
View article: A Phenome-Wide association study (PheWAS) of genetic risk for C-reactive protein in children of European Ancestry: Results from the ABCD study
A Phenome-Wide association study (PheWAS) of genetic risk for C-reactive protein in children of European Ancestry: Results from the ABCD study Open
View article: Enhancing task fMRI individual difference research with neural signatures
Enhancing task fMRI individual difference research with neural signatures Open
Task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (tb-fMRI) has advanced our understanding of brain-behavior relationships. Standard tb-fMRI analyses suffer from limited reliability and low effect sizes, and machine learning (ML) approaches…
View article: Genetic influences for distinct impulsivity domains are differentially associated with early substance use initiation: Results from the ABCD Study
Genetic influences for distinct impulsivity domains are differentially associated with early substance use initiation: Results from the ABCD Study Open
Background Impulsivity is among the strongest correlates of substance involvement (i.e. a broad continuum of substance-related behaviors), and distinct domains (e.g. sensation seeking [SS] and urgency) are differentially correlated, phenot…
View article: BLACK-WHITE RACIAL DISPARITIES IN MORTALITY: FINDINGS FROM THE SAINT LOUIS PERSONALITY AND AGING NETWORK (SPAN)
BLACK-WHITE RACIAL DISPARITIES IN MORTALITY: FINDINGS FROM THE SAINT LOUIS PERSONALITY AND AGING NETWORK (SPAN) Open
Black-White racial health disparities in America are striking. Black Americans have worse physical health and lower life expectancy than White Americans. However, the potential factors contributing to increased mortality in later life amon…
View article: Associations between prenatal caffeine exposure and child development: Longitudinal results from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study
Associations between prenatal caffeine exposure and child development: Longitudinal results from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study Open
View article: Improving Differentiation of Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis Proteomes through Protein-Wide Association Study Feature Selection in Machine Learning
Improving Differentiation of Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis Proteomes through Protein-Wide Association Study Feature Selection in Machine Learning Open
Background and Aims Diagnostic differentiation between Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is crucial for timely and suitable therapeutic measures. The current gold standard for differentiating between CD and UC involves endos…
View article: Leveraging normative personality data and machine learning to examine the brain structure correlates of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder traits.
Leveraging normative personality data and machine learning to examine the brain structure correlates of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder traits. Open
Brain structure correlates of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) remain poorly understood as limited OCPD assessment has precluded well-powered studies. Here, we tested whether machine learning (ML; elastic net regression, gr…
View article: Examining the causal genetic effects of substance use on aging
Examining the causal genetic effects of substance use on aging Open
Substance use shortens lifespan, impedes health, and accelerates the biological aging process. We found widespread genetic correlations between alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, and opioid use and use disorders with indices of aging across the l…
View article: Associations between polygenic scores for cognitive and non-cognitive factors of educational attainment and measures of behavior, psychopathology, and neuroimaging in the adolescent brain cognitive development study
Associations between polygenic scores for cognitive and non-cognitive factors of educational attainment and measures of behavior, psychopathology, and neuroimaging in the adolescent brain cognitive development study Open
Background Educational attainment (EduA) is correlated with life outcomes, and EduA itself is influenced by both cognitive and non-cognitive factors. A recent study performed a ‘genome-wide association study (GWAS) by subtraction,’ subtrac…
View article: A Phenome-Wide Association Study (PheWAS) of Genetic Risk for C-Reactive Protein in Children of European Ancestry: Results From the ABCD Study
A Phenome-Wide Association Study (PheWAS) of Genetic Risk for C-Reactive Protein in Children of European Ancestry: Results From the ABCD Study Open
BACKGROUND C-reactive protein (CRP) is a moderately heritable marker of systemic inflammation that is associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes. Identifying factors associated with genetic liability to elevated CRP in chi…
View article: Prenatal cannabis exposure, the brain, and psychopathology during early adolescence
Prenatal cannabis exposure, the brain, and psychopathology during early adolescence Open
View article: Associations between prenatal caffeine exposure and child development: Longitudinal results from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study
Associations between prenatal caffeine exposure and child development: Longitudinal results from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study Open
Objective Though caffeine use during pregnancy is common, its longitudinal associations with child behavioral and physical health outcomes remain poorly understood. Here, we estimated associations between prenatal caffeine exposure, body m…
View article: Alcohol milestones and internalizing, externalizing, and executive function: longitudinal and polygenic score associations
Alcohol milestones and internalizing, externalizing, and executive function: longitudinal and polygenic score associations Open
Background Although the link between alcohol involvement and behavioral phenotypes (e.g. impulsivity, negative affect, executive function [EF]) is well-established, the directionality of these associations, specificity to stages of alcohol…
View article: Associations between COVID-19 and putative markers of neuroinflammation: A diffusion basis spectrum imaging study
Associations between COVID-19 and putative markers of neuroinflammation: A diffusion basis spectrum imaging study Open
COVID-19 remains a significant international public health concern. Yet, the mechanisms through which symptomatology emerges remain poorly understood. While SARS-CoV-2 infection may induce prolonged inflammation within the central nervous …
View article: Psychiatric Genome-wide Association Study Enrichment Shows Promise for Future Psychopharmaceutical Discoveries
Psychiatric Genome-wide Association Study Enrichment Shows Promise for Future Psychopharmaceutical Discoveries Open
Innovation in psychiatric therapeutics has stagnated on a handful of known mechanisms. Psychiatric genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have begun to identify hundreds of genome-wide significant (GWS) loci and characterize complex polyg…
View article: Associations Between Polygenic Scores for Cognitive and Non-cognitive Factors of Educational Attainment and Measures of Behavior, Psychopathology, and Neuroimaging in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study
Associations Between Polygenic Scores for Cognitive and Non-cognitive Factors of Educational Attainment and Measures of Behavior, Psychopathology, and Neuroimaging in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study Open
Background Both cognitive and non-cognitive (e.g., traits like curiosity) factors are critical for social and emotional functioning and independently predict educational attainment. These factors are heritable and genetically correlated wi…
View article: Prenatal cannabis exposure is associated with localized brain differences that partially mediate associations with increased adolescent psychopathology
Prenatal cannabis exposure is associated with localized brain differences that partially mediate associations with increased adolescent psychopathology Open
Prenatal cannabis exposure (PCE) is associated with mental health problems, but the neurobiological mechanisms remain unknown. We find that PCE is associated with localized differences across neuroimaging metrics that longitudinally mediat…
View article: Associations between COVID-19 and putative markers of neuroinflammation: A diffusion basis spectrum imaging study
Associations between COVID-19 and putative markers of neuroinflammation: A diffusion basis spectrum imaging study Open
COVID-19 remains a significant international public health concern. Yet, the mechanisms through which symptomatology emerges remain poorly understood. While SARS-CoV-2 infection may induce prolonged inflammation within the central nervous …
View article: A Phenome-Wide Association Study (PheWAS) of Late Onset Alzheimer Disease Genetic Risk in Children of European Ancestry at Middle Childhood: Results from the ABCD Study
A Phenome-Wide Association Study (PheWAS) of Late Onset Alzheimer Disease Genetic Risk in Children of European Ancestry at Middle Childhood: Results from the ABCD Study Open
View article: A systematic review of multimodal brain age studies: Uncovering a divergence between model accuracy and utility
A systematic review of multimodal brain age studies: Uncovering a divergence between model accuracy and utility Open
Brain aging is a complex, multifaceted process that can be challenging to model in ways that are accurate and clinically useful. One of the most common approaches has been to apply machine learning to neuroimaging data with the goal of pre…
View article: Phenome-wide Investigation of Behavioral, Environmental, and Neural Associations with Cross-Disorder Genetic Liability in Youth of European Ancestry
Phenome-wide Investigation of Behavioral, Environmental, and Neural Associations with Cross-Disorder Genetic Liability in Youth of European Ancestry Open
Etiologic insights into psychopathology may be gained by using hypothesis-free methods to identify associations between genetic risk for broad psychopathology and phenotypes measured during adolescence, including both markers of child psyc…
View article: Characterizing Alcohol Expectancies in the ABCD Study: Associations with Sociodemographic Factors, the Immediate Social Environment, and Genetic Propensities
Characterizing Alcohol Expectancies in the ABCD Study: Associations with Sociodemographic Factors, the Immediate Social Environment, and Genetic Propensities Open
View article: A Phenome-Wide Association Study (Phewas) Of Late Onset Alzheimer Disease Genetic Risk in Children of European Ancestry at Middle Childhood: Results From the ABCD Study
A Phenome-Wide Association Study (Phewas) Of Late Onset Alzheimer Disease Genetic Risk in Children of European Ancestry at Middle Childhood: Results From the ABCD Study Open
Genetic risk for Late Onset Alzheimer disease (AD) has been associated with lower cognition and smaller hippocampal volume in healthy young adults. However, it remains unclear whether these and other associations are present during childho…
View article: Characterizing alcohol expectancies in the ABCD Study: associations with familial and psychosocial factors and relevant polygenic scores
Characterizing alcohol expectancies in the ABCD Study: associations with familial and psychosocial factors and relevant polygenic scores Open
Alcohol expectancies (AEs) are associated with likelihood of alcohol initiation and subsequent alcohol use disorders. It is unclear whether genetic predisposition to alcohol use and/or related traits contributes to shaping how one expects …
View article: Neural correlates of reward processing distinguish healthy youth at familial risk for bipolar disorder from youth at familial risk for major depressive disorder
Neural correlates of reward processing distinguish healthy youth at familial risk for bipolar disorder from youth at familial risk for major depressive disorder Open
Youth at familial risk for bipolar disorder (BD-risk) and major depressive disorder (MDD-risk) have aberrant reward processing, a core feature of these mood disorders. Whether BD risk differentiates from MDD risk in reward processing merit…