Abstract Computer science (CS) has changed educational processes in a wide range of academic fields and is now considered to be an essential part of modern education. This manuscript presents a novel methodology in which CS can be used to solve judgment concerns in education. The conventional education system frequently finds it difficult to deal with the ambiguities and linguistic expressions that are an integral component of human judgment and choice-making processes. By combining probabilistic uncertainty with …

This study identifies drought events using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and applies four machine learning model Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting (GB), and Logistic Regression for drought prediction. Meteorological data from 12 stations across Punjab, Pakistan, covering northern, eastern, and central regions were utilised. Independent variables included average temperature, specific humidity, soil moisture, and dew point. To address model-specific challenges, ridge …

Graph theory has emerged as an influential tool for communication network design and analysis, especially for designing hybrid network topologies for local area networks (LANs). LAN topologies often face challenges related to scalability, data traffic optimization, and security. Designing reliable and efficient hybrid LAN structures remains a critical problem in communication networks. This paper addresses the issue by proposing the application of graph labeling techniques, particularly H-irregularity strength, as…

Abstract This work studies hub domination and total hub domination in both standard and fuzzy graphs. We determine exact values for principal graph families (paths, cycles, complete graphs, complete bipartite graphs, and wheels) and develop structural bounds that relate hub parameters to classical invariants. On the fuzzy side, we formalize hub domination with vertex and edge memberships, compute the fuzzy hub domination number for standard fuzzy graph classes, and derive degree- and structure-based bounds. We con…

The study of thin film-like flow has emerged as a critical area in fluid dynamics, driven by its relevance to numerous applications in industries such as semiconductor manufacturing, food processing, irrigation systems, surface coating, and oil refining. This study presents a finite element method to investigate the behavior of third-grade non-Newtonian Sisko fluids in lifting and drainage scenarios. By extending the formulations of third-grade fluids, Galerkin’s finite element method is particularly developed to …