Explanipedia

N1-Methylpseudouridine Directly Modulates Translation Dynamics Open

Noam Stern-Ginossar, Batsheva Rozman, Karin Broennimann, K. Shanmugha Rajan, Aharon Nachshon , et al. · 2025

The remarkable effectiveness of mRNA vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has highlighted synthetic mRNA as a promising technology. A critical feature of this approach is the incorporation of the mo…

Structural studies on ribosomes of differentially macrolide-resistantStaphylococcus aureusstrains Open

André Rivalta, Aliza Fedorenko, Alexandre Le Scornet, Sophie Thompson, Yehuda Halfon , et al. · 2025

Antimicrobial resistance is a major global health challenge, diminishing the efficacy of many antibiotics, including macrolides. In Staphylococcus aureus , an opportunistic pathogen, macrolide resistance is primarily mediated by Erm-family…

Structural studies of ribosome from an anaerobic Bacteroidetes human pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis Open

Disha‐Gajanan Hiregange, Sarit Samiya, Danuta Mizgalska, Efrat Ben‐Zeev, Miriam Waghalter , et al. · 2025

Porphyromonas gingivalis, an anaerobic pathogen in chronic periodontitis, belongs to the Bacteroidota phylum and is associated with various virulence factors. Its antibiotic-resistant strains and its propensity to form biofilms pose a chal…

p-Alkoxy Substituted Anisomycins with Potent Anti-Trypanosomiasis Activity and Expanded Modes of Action Open

Kajumee Bora Bhowal, Anh Minh Thao Nguyen, Ana Victoria Ibarra‐Meneses, Andressa Brito Lira, K. Shanmugha Rajan , et al. · 2025

Neglected tropical diseases caused by trypanosomatid parasites such as Leishmania, Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma cruzi present a major public healthcare issue due in part to emerging resistance. Exploring multiple targeting ligands, c…

p-Alkoxy Substituted Anisomycins with Potent Anti-Trypanosomiasis Activity and Expanded Modes of Action Open

Kajumee Bora Bhowal, Anh Minh Thao Nguyen, Ana Victoria Ibarra‐Meneses, Andressa Brito Lira, K. Shanmugha Rajan , et al. · 2025

Neglected tropical diseases caused by trypanosomatid parasites such as Leishmania, Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma cruzi present a major public healthcare issue due in part to emerging resistance. Exploring multiple targeting ligands, c…

Ribosomes: from conserved origin to functional/medical mobility and heterogeneity Open

André Rivalta, Disha‐Gajanan Hiregange, Tanaya Bose, K. Shanmugha Rajan, Ada Yonath , et al. · 2025

Ribosomes, the molecular machines that translate the genetic code from mRNA into proteins in all living cells, are highly structurally conserved across all domains of life and hence are believed to have evolved from a structurally unified …

Structural and mechanistic insights into the function of Leishmania ribosome lacking a single pseudouridine modification Open

K. Shanmugha Rajan, Saurav Aryal, Disha‐Gajanan Hiregange, Anat Bashan, Hava Madmoni , et al. · 2024

Leishmania is the causative agent of cutaneous and visceral diseases affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Pseudouridine (Ψ), the most abundant modification on rRNA, changes during the parasite life cycle. Alterations in the level o…

A single pseudouridine on rRNA regulates ribosome structure and function in the mammalian parasite Trypanosoma brucei Open

K. Shanmugha Rajan, Hava Madmoni, Anat Bashan, Masato Taoka, Saurav Aryal , et al. · 2023

The Ribosome—The Factory for Protein Production According to the Genetic Code Open

Ada Yonath, Elinor Breiner Goldshtein, Noa Segev · 2023

Proteins are small biological machines that work in our bodies as well as in the bodies of all animals, plants, viruses, and bacteria. They are responsible for a wide range of vital activities. Proteins are synthesized based on instruction…

Systematic Exploration of Functional Group Relevance for Anti-Leishmanial Activity of Anisomycin Open

Anh Minh Thao Nguyen, Moran Shalev-Benami, Chloé Rosa-Teijeiro, Ana Victoria Ibarra‐Meneses, Ada Yonath , et al. · 2023

Assessment of structure–activity relationships for anti-protozoan activity revealed a strategy for preparing potent anisomycin derivatives with reduced host toxicity. Thirteen anisomycin analogs were synthesized by modifying the alcohol, a…

Foreword Open

Ada Yonath · 2023

Quantum crystallography, the field of this book, aims at expanding crystallography by combining scattering experiments with quantum mechanics.The field has been launched more than 50 years ago and is now a fast-developing area of research …

Mutations in RPS19 may affect ribosome function and biogenesis in Diamond Blackfan anemia Open

Disha‐Gajanan Hiregange, André Rivalta, Ada Yonath, Ella Zimmerman, Anat Bashan , et al. · 2022

Ribosomes, the cellular organelles translating the genetic code to proteins, are assemblies of RNA chains and many proteins (RPs) arranged in precise fine‐tuned interwoven structures. Mutated ribosomal genes cause ribosomopathies, includin…

Structural Studies Reveal the Role of Helix 68 in the Elongation Step of Protein Biosynthesis Open

Giuseppe Cimicata, G. Fridkin, Tanaya Bose, Zohar Eyal, Yehuda Halfon , et al. · 2022

The mechanism that regulates the translocation step in ribosomes during protein synthesis is not fully understood. In this work, cryo-EM techniques used to image ribosomes from Staphylococcus aureus after incubation at physiological temper…

Cryo-EM structure of the ancient eukaryotic ribosome from the human parasite Giardia lamblia Open

Disha‐Gajanan Hiregange, André Rivalta, Tanaya Bose, Elinor Breiner-Goldstein, Sarit Samiya , et al. · 2022

Giardiasis is a disease caused by the protist Giardia lamblia. As no human vaccines have been approved so far against it, and resistance to current drugs is spreading, new strategies for combating giardiasis need to be developed. The G. la…

Origin of life: protoribosome forms peptide bonds and links RNA and protein dominated worlds Open

Tanaya Bose, G. Fridkin, Chen Davidovich, Miri Krupkin, Nikita Bhupesh Dinger , et al. · 2022

Although the mode of action of the ribosomes, the multi-component universal effective protein-synthesis organelles, has been thoroughly explored, their mere appearance remained elusive. Our earlier comparative structural studies suggested …

Origin of Life: Chiral Short RNA Chains Capable of Non‐Enzymatic Peptide Bond Formation Open

Tanaya Bose, G. Fridkin, Anat Bashan, Ada Yonath · 2021

A semi‐symmetric vestige of an RNA apparatus with stereochemically controlled ribozyme capabilities is embedded and functions as the site of peptide bond formation within all contemporary ribosomes, a finding that is in line with Lahav and…

Rational prioritization strategy allows the design of macrolide derivatives that overcome antibiotic resistance Open

Gerhard König, Pandian Sokkar, Niclas Pryk, Sascha Heinrich, David R. Möller , et al. · 2021

Significance Due to the development of resistance against commonly used antibiotics, new derivatives that avoid resistance mechanisms need to be developed. To address this problem, a rational prioritization strategy is outlined for macroli…

Ribosome-binding and anti-microbial studies of the mycinamicins, 16-membered macrolide antibiotics from Micromonospora griseorubida Open

Elinor Breiner-Goldstein, Zohar Eyal, Donna Matzov, Yehuda Halfon, Giuseppe Cimicata , et al. · 2021

Macrolides have been effective clinical antibiotics for over 70 years. They inhibit protein biosynthesis in bacterial pathogens by narrowing the nascent protein exit tunnel in the ribosome. The macrolide class of natural products consist o…

Cryo-EM structure of the highly atypical cytoplasmic ribosome of Euglena gracilis Open

Donna Matzov, Masato Taoka, Yuko Nobe, Yoshio Yamauchi, Yehuda Halfon , et al. · 2020

Ribosomal RNA is the central component of the ribosome, mediating its functional and architectural properties. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of a highly divergent cytoplasmic ribosome from the single-celled eukaryotic alga Euglena …

Structure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ribosomes from an aminoglycoside-resistant clinical isolate Open

Yehuda Halfon, Alicia Jiménez‐Fernández, Ruggero La Rosa, Rocio Espinosa, Helle Krogh Johansen , et al. · 2019

Resistance to antibiotics has become a major threat to modern medicine. The ribosome plays a fundamental role in cell vitality by the translation of the genetic code into proteins; hence, it is a major target for clinically useful antibiot…

Exit tunnel modulation as resistance mechanism of S. aureus erythromycin resistant mutant Open

Yehuda Halfon, Donna Matzov, Zohar Eyal, Anat Bashan, Ella Zimmerman , et al. · 2019

Stress response as implemented by hibernating ribosomes: a structural overview Open

Donna Matzov, Anat Bashan, Mee‐Ngan F. Yap, Ada Yonath · 2019

Protein synthesis is one of the most energy demanding cellular processes. The ability to regulate protein synthesis is essential for cells under normal as well as stress conditions, such as nutrient deficiencies. One mechanism for protein …

https://researchopenworld.com/gene-machine-the-race-to-decipher-the-secrets-of-the-ribosome-by-venki-ramakrishnan-basic-books-2018/# Open

V. Ramakrishnan, Basic Books, Peter Bahn, Joan A. Steitz, Tom Steitz , et al. · 2019

Joan Steitz was studying ribosomal RNA binding sequences.Tom Steitz was using X-ray crystallography to study the three dimensional structure of large proteins like hexokinase.Don Engelman and Peter Moore were using neutron diffraction to s…

Atomic resolution snapshot of Leishmania ribosome inhibition by the aminoglycoside paromomycin Open

Moran Shalev-Benami, Yan Zhang, H. Rozenberg, Yuko Nobe, Masato Taoka , et al. · 2017

Leishmania is a single-celled eukaryotic parasite afflicting millions of humans worldwide, with current therapies limited to a poor selection of drugs that mostly target elements in the parasite’s cell envelope. Here we determined the atom…

The cryo-EM structure of hibernating 100S ribosome dimer from pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus Open

Donna Matzov, Shintaro Aibara, Arnab Basu, Ella Zimmerman, Anat Bashan , et al. · 2017

Structural insights of lincosamides targeting the ribosome of Staphylococcus aureus Open

Donna Matzov, Zohar Eyal, Raphael I. Benhamou, Moran Shalev-Benami, Yehuda Halfon , et al. · 2017

Antimicrobial resistance within a wide range of pathogenic bacteria is an increasingly serious threat to global public health. Among these pathogenic bacteria are the highly resistant, versatile and possibly aggressive bacteria, Staphyloco…

The Ribosomal Protein uL22 Modulates the Shape of the Protein Exit Tunnel Open

Itai Wekselman, Ella Zimmerman, Chen Davidovich, Matthew J. Belousoff, Donna Matzov , et al. · 2017

A Bright Future for Antibiotics? Open

Donna Matzov, Anat Bashan, Ada Yonath · 2017

Multidrug resistance is a global threat as the clinically available potent antibiotic drugs are becoming exceedingly scarce. For example, increasing drug resistance among gram-positive bacteria is responsible for approximately one-third of…

Structural Basis for Linezolid Binding Site Rearrangement in the Staphylococcus aureus Ribosome Open

Matthew J. Belousoff, Zohar Eyal, Mazdak Radjainia, Tofayel Ahmed, Rebecca S. Bamert , et al. · 2017

An unorthodox, surprising mechanism of resistance to the antibiotic linezolid was revealed by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) in the 70S ribosomes from a clinical isolate of Staphylococcus aureus . This high-resolution structural inform…

A novel pleuromutilin antibacterial compound, its binding mode and selectivity mechanism Open

Zohar Eyal, Donna Matzov, Miri Krupkin, Susanne Paukner, Rosemarie Riedl , et al. · 2016

The increasing appearance of pathogenic bacteria with antibiotic resistance is a global threat. Consequently, clinically available potent antibiotics that are active against multidrug resistant pathogens are becoming exceedingly scarce. Ri…

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