Adam L. Kelly
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View article: A Mixed-Methods Evaluation of a Post-COVID-Condition Rehabilitation and Recovery Intervention Delivered in a Football Club Community Trust
A Mixed-Methods Evaluation of a Post-COVID-Condition Rehabilitation and Recovery Intervention Delivered in a Football Club Community Trust Open
Aim: Post-COVID condition (PCC) is largely considered the biggest public health emergency in recent times. The role of exercise therapy in PCC is currently unknown, and evaluative studies are currently lacking in this area. This study ther…
View article: Scouting in English male professional football academies: Practices and perceptions between full-time, part-time, and volunteer scouts
Scouting in English male professional football academies: Practices and perceptions between full-time, part-time, and volunteer scouts Open
The study aimed to explore the practices and perceptions of full-time, part-time, and volunteer scouts in English male professional football academies, examining current methods used to recognise talented players based on scouting roles, a…
View article: ‘I feel more comfortable in contact with similar-sized players’: male youth rugby union players’ perceptions of bio-banded training
‘I feel more comfortable in contact with similar-sized players’: male youth rugby union players’ perceptions of bio-banded training Open
The results suggest using bio-banded grouping for training, as an adjunct to chronological age grouping, may positively contribute to the holistic development of male youth players in rugby union irrespective of maturity status.
View article: Will artificial intelligence solve the riddle of athlete development? A critical review of how AI is being used for athlete identification, selection, and development
Will artificial intelligence solve the riddle of athlete development? A critical review of how AI is being used for athlete identification, selection, and development Open
AI in the context of athlete development allows for access to more data, more easily, and with greater statistical complexity, than ever before. Importantly, a balanced approach that embraces both innovation and critical evaluation seems n…
View article: How do college coaches in the United States identify youth female and male soccer players?
How do college coaches in the United States identify youth female and male soccer players? Open
Talent identification (TI) in soccer is a complex and multifactorial process within the context of collegiate sport in the United States, where coaches must assess performance-ready athletes often under strict regulatory and resource const…
View article: A multidisciplinary investigation into the talent identification and development process in an English football academy
A multidisciplinary investigation into the talent identification and development process in an English football academy Open
Introduction: The purpose of a player development pathway is to realise the most effective methods to support young individuals to maximise their potential (MacNamara & Collins, 2015). Within a modern football academy setting, the essentia…
View article: “More players can reach national and international levels”: coaches perceptions of “birthday-banding” in youth squash and its potential for minimising relative age effects
“More players can reach national and international levels”: coaches perceptions of “birthday-banding” in youth squash and its potential for minimising relative age effects Open
Relative age effects (RAEs) are common across many youth sports that use age group structures to band athletes. This creates a significant overrepresentation of those who are born near the start of the selection cut-off date across talent …
View article: “A Light at the End of the Tunnel”—Post-COVID Condition and the Role of Rehabilitation and Recovery Intervention Delivered in a Football Club Community Trust: A Qualitative Study
“A Light at the End of the Tunnel”—Post-COVID Condition and the Role of Rehabilitation and Recovery Intervention Delivered in a Football Club Community Trust: A Qualitative Study Open
Background and Objectives: This study explored the lived experiences of individuals with post-COVID condition (PCC) who participated in a 12-week exercise rehabilitation and recovery programme (PCCRRP) delivered by a professional football …
View article: Relative age effect at Concacaf championships: Influence of sex, age, nationality, playing position, and playing status
Relative age effect at Concacaf championships: Influence of sex, age, nationality, playing position, and playing status Open
Relative age effects in soccer are typified by an overrepresentation of players born earlier in the selection year. Examinations of relative age effects remain limited in female players and developing soccer nations. The aim of the present…
View article: The royal Dutch football association (KNVB) relative age solutions project—part two: an adapted e-Delphi study
The royal Dutch football association (KNVB) relative age solutions project—part two: an adapted e-Delphi study Open
Introduction Following the lack of widely implemented interventions to mitigate Relative Age Effects (RAEs) in sports, the Royal Netherlands Football Association (KNVB) called on stakeholders to propose relative age solutions in youth socc…
View article: Competitive Match Running Speed Demands and Impact of Changing the Head Coach in Non-League Professional Football
Competitive Match Running Speed Demands and Impact of Changing the Head Coach in Non-League Professional Football Open
Match running speed demands vary across competitive levels of football, influenced by player position, tactical considerations, and Head Coach changes. In England, the level directly below professional football, Non-League Football (NLF), …
View article: “A Light at the End of the Tunnel” – Post-COVID-Condition and the Role of a Rehabilitation and Recovery Intervention Delivered in a Football Club Community Trust: A Qualitative Study
“A Light at the End of the Tunnel” – Post-COVID-Condition and the Role of a Rehabilitation and Recovery Intervention Delivered in a Football Club Community Trust: A Qualitative Study Open
Background/Objectives: This study explored the lived experiences of individuals with post-COVID condition (PCC) who participated in a 12-week exercise rehabilitation and recovery program (PCCRRP) delivered by a professional football club c…
View article: The Royal Netherlands Football Association (KNVB) relative age solutions project—part one: a call to action
The Royal Netherlands Football Association (KNVB) relative age solutions project—part one: a call to action Open
Introduction Despite its widespread prevalence in youth soccer, there seems to be no widely implemented intervention to moderate or overcome Relative Age Effects (RAEs). The purpose of this study was a call to action for stakeholders to pr…
View article: Relative age effects in European soccer: their association with contextual factors, impact on youth national teams' performance, and presence at the senior level
Relative age effects in European soccer: their association with contextual factors, impact on youth national teams' performance, and presence at the senior level Open
Introduction Soccer systems promote early identification and specialisation practices to satisfy short- and long-term goals—both from sporting performance and financial gains perspectives. In this context, players are (de)selected based on…
View article: Chaos Caused by Different Cutoff Dates: Relative Age Effects and Redshirting in Collegiate Volleyball in the United States
Chaos Caused by Different Cutoff Dates: Relative Age Effects and Redshirting in Collegiate Volleyball in the United States Open
Relative Age Effects (RAEs) are a phenomenon in athletics related to an over-representation of individuals born closer to an arbitrary cutoff date. Such effects have been shown in many different countries, levels of play, and contexts, alt…
View article: Key Stakeholders’ Perspectives on the Sports Science and Medicine Resources and Practices in English Non-League Male Football
Key Stakeholders’ Perspectives on the Sports Science and Medicine Resources and Practices in English Non-League Male Football Open
Background: Sports science and medicine (SSM) is integral to professional football clubs. The level below professional football in England, ‘non-league football’ (NLF), consists of full-time and part-time clubs. The existing literature has…
View article: Administrator Reflections on Youth Sport Programming: Moving Forward After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Administrator Reflections on Youth Sport Programming: Moving Forward After the COVID-19 Pandemic Open
Youth sport has been a context where positive youth development (PYD) can be promoted (Fraser-Thomas et al., 2005). However, for youth sport to effectively foster PYD, all adult leaders need to understand and invest in the approach. The yo…
View article: Relative Age Effects and Place of Early Development Constrain Male Youth Italian Swimmers’ Developmental Experiences
Relative Age Effects and Place of Early Development Constrain Male Youth Italian Swimmers’ Developmental Experiences Open
Italian swimming emphasizes the early specialization of selected children from approximately 6 to 7 years old. Such an approach often leads to selection biases (i.e., birth advantages), which may undermine swimmers’ development and progres…
View article: The Influence of Home-Court Advantage in Elite Basketball: A Systematic Review
The Influence of Home-Court Advantage in Elite Basketball: A Systematic Review Open
Background: This systematic review analyzes the factors that influence home advantage in basketball across various competitions in the United States and Europe. Methods: Through an investigation of English- and Spanish-language articles pu…
View article: Neither an Individualised Nor a Standardised Sodium Bicarbonate Strategy Improved Performance in High-Intensity Repeated Swimming, or a Subsequent 200 m Swimming Time Trial in Highly Trained Female Swimmers
Neither an Individualised Nor a Standardised Sodium Bicarbonate Strategy Improved Performance in High-Intensity Repeated Swimming, or a Subsequent 200 m Swimming Time Trial in Highly Trained Female Swimmers Open
Inconsistent swimming performances are often observed following sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) ingestion, possibly because the time taken to reach peak blood buffering capacity is highly variable between individuals. Personalising NaHCO3 inge…
View article: Career trajectories, transition rates, and birthdate distributions: the rocky road from youth to senior level in men's European football
Career trajectories, transition rates, and birthdate distributions: the rocky road from youth to senior level in men's European football Open
This study aimed to assess youth-to-senior transition rates, quantify the magnitude of relative age effect (RAEs), and evaluate how RAEs affect these transitions in 9,527 men's national football players of England, France, Germany, Italy, …
View article: Talent inclusion: An imperfect solution to genetic testing in sport - Response to commentaries
Talent inclusion: An imperfect solution to genetic testing in sport - Response to commentaries Open
We are extremely grateful our esteemed colleagues Craig Pickering, Duarte Araújo, Keith Davids, and Kevin Till have read and offered insightful reflections on the target article “Talent inclusion and genetic testing in sport: A practitione…
View article: Citrulline Malate Fails to Improve Repeated 300 m Swimming Times in Highly Trained Swimmers
Citrulline Malate Fails to Improve Repeated 300 m Swimming Times in Highly Trained Swimmers Open
Citrulline malate (CM) has been touted as a nutritional ergogenic aid for sports performance, with purported mechanisms of increased muscle blood flow, ammonia clearance, and adenosine triphosphate resynthesis. Combined, these physiologica…
View article: Relative Age Effects and the Premier League’s Elite Player Performance Plan (EPPP): A Comparison of Birthdate Distributions Within and Between Age Groups
Relative Age Effects and the Premier League’s Elite Player Performance Plan (EPPP): A Comparison of Birthdate Distributions Within and Between Age Groups Open
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of relative age effects (RAEs) within and between U18, U21 and professional senior squads, that compete in the highest (respective) leagues within England. Birthdate, playing posi…
View article: Exploring the impact of ball possession directionality on youth footballers’ positioning, technical skills and physical abilities in small-sided games
Exploring the impact of ball possession directionality on youth footballers’ positioning, technical skills and physical abilities in small-sided games Open
This study aimed to investigate the effects of manipulating ball possession directionality (i.e., NO direction, MULTI direction or ONE direction) on the physical, tactical and technical performance of youth football players during small-si…
View article: Exploring the Multidimensional Characteristics of Selected and Non-Selected White British and British South Asian Youth Cricketers: An Exploratory Machine Learning Approach
Exploring the Multidimensional Characteristics of Selected and Non-Selected White British and British South Asian Youth Cricketers: An Exploratory Machine Learning Approach Open
Selection into a County Age Group (CAG; under 10–18) programme is the first step for young aspiring cricketers on their journey to achieving professional status. Recognising that the British South Asian (BSA) community represents 30% of th…
View article: Birth Advantages in Male Italian Soccer: How They Influence Players Youth Career and Their Future Career Status
Birth Advantages in Male Italian Soccer: How They Influence Players Youth Career and Their Future Career Status Open
Soccer organizations generally adopt deterministic models within their talent pathways. In this framework, early ability and results are emphasized, leading to selection biases, such as birth advantages (i.e., relative age effects and birt…
View article: Disentangling Gender and Relative Age Effects in Women’s and Girls’ Rugby Union
Disentangling Gender and Relative Age Effects in Women’s and Girls’ Rugby Union Open
Relative age effects (RAEs) within sports refer to the overrepresentation of athletes born earlier in the selection year and the underrepresentation of those born later in the selection year. Research examining RAEs in women’s and girls’ r…
View article: A survey into the current fitness testing practices of elite male soccer practitioners: from assessment to communicating results
A survey into the current fitness testing practices of elite male soccer practitioners: from assessment to communicating results Open
This study provides insight into the current fitness testing practices in elite male soccer. One hundred and two practitioners from professional soccer leagues across 24 countries completed an online survey comprising 29 questions, with fi…