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View article: Identification of circulating human papillomavirus types through high-throughput sequencing of Canadian municipal and institutional wastewater samples
Identification of circulating human papillomavirus types through high-throughput sequencing of Canadian municipal and institutional wastewater samples Open
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are a diverse group of viruses that infect human mucosal and cutaneous tissues, with a ubiquitous global distribution. Several types are classified as high-risk due to their association with cervical, anal, pe…
View article: Drug transporter mRNA expression and genital inflammation in South African women on oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
Drug transporter mRNA expression and genital inflammation in South African women on oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) Open
View article: Surveillance for <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> variants escaping detection with the Aptima Combo 2 assay in Canada from 2019 to 2021
Surveillance for <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> variants escaping detection with the Aptima Combo 2 assay in Canada from 2019 to 2021 Open
Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are the method of choice for Chlamydia trachomatis diagnosis, but these strategies are susceptible to target site mutations. C. trachomatis variants escaping detection with the Aptima Combo 2 (AC2) …
View article: Pre–Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) α4β7hi CD4+ T Cells and HIV Risk Among Heterosexual Individuals in Africa
Pre–Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) α4β7hi CD4+ T Cells and HIV Risk Among Heterosexual Individuals in Africa Open
Background CD4+ T cells expressing α4β7 are optimal targets for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections, with higher pre-HIV α4β7hi expression linked to increased HIV acquisition and progression in South African women. However, simil…
View article: Differences in HIV risk factors between South African adolescents and adult women and their association with sexually transmitted infections
Differences in HIV risk factors between South African adolescents and adult women and their association with sexually transmitted infections Open
Objectives In sub-Saharan Africa, approximately 86% of HIV infections in adolescents aged 15–19 years occur among girls. Their heightened susceptibility is likely influenced by converging sociobehavioural and biological factors, although t…
View article: Evaluating diagnostic accuracy of an RT-PCR test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva
Evaluating diagnostic accuracy of an RT-PCR test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva Open
View article: Circulating immunoglobulins and transient lymphocytopenia in a sub-study of CAPRISA 012B, testing HIV monoclonal antibodies in a phase 1 trial
Circulating immunoglobulins and transient lymphocytopenia in a sub-study of CAPRISA 012B, testing HIV monoclonal antibodies in a phase 1 trial Open
View article: Usability of saliva as a reliable and non-invasive sample for SARS-CoV-2 detection in Durban, South Africa
Usability of saliva as a reliable and non-invasive sample for SARS-CoV-2 detection in Durban, South Africa Open
Background Saliva has been proposed as a potential more convenient, cost-effective, and easier sample for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infections, but there is limited knowledge of the impact of saliva volumes and stages of infection on its sensi…
View article: Pre-HIV α4ꞵ7hi CD4 &nbsp;T Cells and the Risk of Heterosexual HIV Acquisition and Progression in African Individuals: A Multi-Cohort Case-Control Study
Pre-HIV α4ꞵ7hi CD4 T Cells and the Risk of Heterosexual HIV Acquisition and Progression in African Individuals: A Multi-Cohort Case-Control Study Open
View article: The Performance of Diagnostic Tests for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the South African Population: A Scoping Review
The Performance of Diagnostic Tests for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the South African Population: A Scoping Review Open
To determine the performance and reliability of diagnostic tests for the identification of SARS-CoV-2 infection in South Africa, we conducted a scoping review to identify published studies undertaken in the English language from March 2020…
View article: Drug-Resistant TB, HIV and COVID-19 Co-Infection: Case Reviews from Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa
Drug-Resistant TB, HIV and COVID-19 Co-Infection: Case Reviews from Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa Open
Screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection is advised for DR-TB patients with new or worsening respiratory symptoms.
View article: Metronidazole Treatment Failure and Persistent BV Lead to Increased Frequencies of Activated T- and Dendritic-Cell Subsets
Metronidazole Treatment Failure and Persistent BV Lead to Increased Frequencies of Activated T- and Dendritic-Cell Subsets Open
Metronidazole (MDZ) treatment failure and bacterial vaginosis (BV) recurrence rates are high among African women. This cohort study identified genital immune parameters associated with treatment response by comparing vaginal microbiota and…
View article: Higher plasma interleukin − 6 levels are associated with lung cavitation in drug-resistant tuberculosis
Higher plasma interleukin − 6 levels are associated with lung cavitation in drug-resistant tuberculosis Open
Background Lung cavitation is associated with heightened TB transmission and poor treatment outcomes. This study aimed to determine the relationship between systemic inflammation and lung cavitation in drug-resistant TB patients with and w…
View article: Field evaluations of four SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen tests during SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant wave in South Africa
Field evaluations of four SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen tests during SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant wave in South Africa Open
Background Rapid antigen tests detecting SARS-CoV-2 were shown to be a useful tool in managing the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we report on the results of a prospective diagnostic accuracy study of four SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen tests in a Sou…
View article: Blood monocyte and dendritic cell profiles among people living with HIV with Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infection
Blood monocyte and dendritic cell profiles among people living with HIV with Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infection Open
View article: NK cell phenotypic profile during active TB in people living with HIV-evolution during TB treatment and implications for bacterial clearance and disease severity
NK cell phenotypic profile during active TB in people living with HIV-evolution during TB treatment and implications for bacterial clearance and disease severity Open
Natural killer (NK) cells, key effector cells of the innate immune system, play an important role in the clearance and control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV infections. Here, we utilized peripheral blood specimens from the Improvin…
View article: Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in ABC Drug Transporters Alter Expression and Circulating Tenofovir in Healthy South African Women Exposed to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in ABC Drug Transporters Alter Expression and Circulating Tenofovir in Healthy South African Women Exposed to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Open
Aim: We investigated if single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug transporters alter gene expression and tenofovir disposition in South African women taking Truvada® for HIV prevention. …
View article: Performance of rapid antigen tests in identifying Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 infections in South Africa
Performance of rapid antigen tests in identifying Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 infections in South Africa Open
Accuracy of tested rapid antigen tests that target the nucleocapsid SARS-CoV-2 protein, were not adversely affected by BA.4 and BA.5 Omicron sub-variants.
View article: High prevalence of vaccine‐preventable anal human papillomavirus infections is associated with <scp>HIV</scp> infection among gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men in Nairobi, Kenya
High prevalence of vaccine‐preventable anal human papillomavirus infections is associated with <span>HIV</span> infection among gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men in Nairobi, Kenya Open
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with anal cancers and is more prevalent in gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men (gbMSM), partly due to their vulnerability to HIV infection. Baseline HPV genotype distri…
View article: Field evaluations of four SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen tests during SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant wave in South Africa
Field evaluations of four SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen tests during SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant wave in South Africa Open
Background: Rapid antigen tests detecting SARS-CoV-2 are being increasingly used across the globe and were shown to be a useful tool in managing the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this prospective study was to characterise the performan…
View article: Performance of Rapid Antigen Tests in Identifying Omicron Ba.4 and Ba.5 Infections in South Africa
Performance of Rapid Antigen Tests in Identifying Omicron Ba.4 and Ba.5 Infections in South Africa Open
View article: Women for science and science for women: Gaps, challenges and opportunities towards optimizing pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV-1 prevention
Women for science and science for women: Gaps, challenges and opportunities towards optimizing pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV-1 prevention Open
Preventing new HIV infections remains a global challenge. Young women continue to bear a disproportionate burden of infection. Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), offers a novel women-initiated prevention technology and PrEP trials compl…
View article: Author Correction: Omicron BA.4/BA.5 escape neutralizing immunity elicited by BA.1 infection
Author Correction: Omicron BA.4/BA.5 escape neutralizing immunity elicited by BA.1 infection Open
View article: Pharmacogenomics of drug transporters for antiretroviral long-acting pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV
Pharmacogenomics of drug transporters for antiretroviral long-acting pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV Open
The use of antiretrovirals (ARVs) as oral, topical, or long-acting pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has emerged as a promising strategy for HIV prevention. Clinical trials testing Truvada ® [tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)/tenofovir (TF…
View article: Omicron BA.4/BA.5 escape neutralizing immunity elicited by BA.1 infection
Omicron BA.4/BA.5 escape neutralizing immunity elicited by BA.1 infection Open
View article: Clinical Evaluation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Rapid Antigen Tests During the Omicron Wave in South Africa
Clinical Evaluation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Rapid Antigen Tests During the Omicron Wave in South Africa Open
We evaluated the performance of nasal and nasopharyngeal Standard Q COVID-19 [coronavirus disease 2019] Ag tests (SD Biosensor) and the Panbio COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test Device (nasal; Abbott) against the Abbott RealTime severe acute respirato…
View article: Considerations for Choosing Soluble Immune Markers to Determine Safety of Novel Vaginal Products
Considerations for Choosing Soluble Immune Markers to Determine Safety of Novel Vaginal Products Open
Several soluble cytokines have been associated with microbicide-induced cervicovaginal inflammation, non-optimal vaginal microbiota, and risk of HIV acquisition. Many of these biomarkers are used in preclinical assays to estimate the safet…
View article: Omicron infection enhances Delta antibody immunity in vaccinated persons
Omicron infection enhances Delta antibody immunity in vaccinated persons Open
View article: Omicron sub-lineages BA.4/BA.5 escape BA.1 infection elicited neutralizing immunity
Omicron sub-lineages BA.4/BA.5 escape BA.1 infection elicited neutralizing immunity Open
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant first emerged as the BA.1 sub-lineage, with extensive escape from neutralizing immunity elicited by previous infection with other variants, vaccines, or combinations of both 1,2 . Two new sub-line…
View article: Pre-infection plasma cytokines and chemokines as predictors of HIV disease progression
Pre-infection plasma cytokines and chemokines as predictors of HIV disease progression Open