Arshad Majid
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View article: Role of Advanced Glycation End Products and Mitohormesis in Cancer Development and Progression
Role of Advanced Glycation End Products and Mitohormesis in Cancer Development and Progression Open
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are molecules formed via non-enzymatic reactions between reactive dicarbonyls and macromolecules, including proteins, lipids, or DNA. Mitochondria sense and integrate stress signals and induce changes…
View article: Gene editing for collagen disorders: current advances and future perspectives
Gene editing for collagen disorders: current advances and future perspectives Open
Collagen disorders encompass a wide range of genetic conditions caused by pathogenic variants in collagen genes for which there is an unmet need for treatments. They present various clinical features, ranging from localised tissue abnormal…
View article: Intergenerational Conditioning via Intermittent Parental Hypoxia Confers Stroke Resilience in Offspring
Intergenerational Conditioning via Intermittent Parental Hypoxia Confers Stroke Resilience in Offspring Open
Background and Aims Intergenerational disease transmission, where parental exposures or experiences influence disease susceptibility in offspring, may represent a crucial layer of stroke risk that extends beyond genetics alone. Environment…
View article: Dietary Carnosine Supplementation in Healthy Human Volunteers: A Safety, Tolerability, Plasma and Brain Concentration Study
Dietary Carnosine Supplementation in Healthy Human Volunteers: A Safety, Tolerability, Plasma and Brain Concentration Study Open
Background: Carnosine is a multimodal pleotropic endogenous molecule that exhibits properties that make it a compelling therapeutic agent for further evaluation in a number of diseases. However, little data currently exists on its pharmaco…
View article: Histidine‐Containing Dipeptides in Obesity and Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Scoping Review
Histidine‐Containing Dipeptides in Obesity and Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Scoping Review Open
Background Histidine‐containing dipeptides (HCDs) have been reported to have anti‐inflammatory and antidiabetic properties. Yet, no previous reviews have examined the impact of HCDs on Type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk factors (e.g., obesity) and…
View article: Systematic review: Resting state functional MRI as a biomarker for non-invasive brain stimulation in upper limb recovery post-stroke
Systematic review: Resting state functional MRI as a biomarker for non-invasive brain stimulation in upper limb recovery post-stroke Open
Background Stroke is a leading cause of adult-onset disability. Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and transcutaneous vagus nerv…
View article: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRENDS AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES FOR CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS IN ENDEMIC AREAS
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRENDS AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES FOR CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS IN ENDEMIC AREAS Open
Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) continues to pose a major public health challenge in endemic regions, particularly where socio-environmental risk factors and limited health awareness intersect. Despite advances in clinical managem…
View article: Effects of Carnosine Supplementation on Cognitive Outcomes in Prediabetes and Well-Controlled Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Effects of Carnosine Supplementation on Cognitive Outcomes in Prediabetes and Well-Controlled Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Open
Background: Trends in global ageing underscore the rising burden of age-related cognitive decline and concomitant cardiometabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Carnosine, a naturally occurring dipeptide with anti-inf…
View article: TOXICOLOGICAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH CONSEQUENCES OF ILLICIT DRUG USE IN URBAN POPULATIONS
TOXICOLOGICAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH CONSEQUENCES OF ILLICIT DRUG USE IN URBAN POPULATIONS Open
Background: Illicit drug use in urban populations presents a growing toxicological and public health crisis, driven by the increasing prevalence of synthetic opioids, psychostimulants, and polysubstance abuse. Despite extensive literature …
View article: TRanscutaneous lImb reCovEry Post-Stroke (TRICEPS): study protocol for a randomised, controlled, multiarm, multistage adaptive design trial
TRanscutaneous lImb reCovEry Post-Stroke (TRICEPS): study protocol for a randomised, controlled, multiarm, multistage adaptive design trial Open
Introduction Arm weakness after stroke is one of the leading causes of adult-onset disability. Invasive vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) paired with rehabilitation has been shown to improve arm recovery in chronic stroke. Small studies of non…
View article: Stroke in Bangladesh: A Narrative Review of Epidemiology, Risk Factors and Acute Stroke Services
Stroke in Bangladesh: A Narrative Review of Epidemiology, Risk Factors and Acute Stroke Services Open
Introduction: Stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. It is one of the foremost non-communicable diseases and the third leading cause of death in Bangladesh. Bangladesh is a developing country and as such, the preval…
View article: Cerebral perfusion alterations in healthy young adults due to two genetic risk factors of Alzheimer’s disease: APOE and MAPT
Cerebral perfusion alterations in healthy young adults due to two genetic risk factors of Alzheimer’s disease: APOE and MAPT Open
Functional brain changes such as altered cerebral blood flow occur long before the onset of clinical symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. While cerebral hypoperfusion occurs in established AD, middle-…
View article: Optimizing non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation for treatment in stroke
Optimizing non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation for treatment in stroke Open
Stroke remains a leading cause of long-term disability worldwide. There is an unmet need for neuromodulatory therapies that can mitigate against neurovascular injury and potentially promote neurological recovery. Transcutaneous vagus nerve…
View article: Reprogramming Human Inflammatory Macrophages in Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis: Potential Mechanisms for Stabilisation of Atherosclerotic Carotid Plaques
Reprogramming Human Inflammatory Macrophages in Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis: Potential Mechanisms for Stabilisation of Atherosclerotic Carotid Plaques Open
Background Inflammation is a precursor to atherosclerotic plaque destabilisation, leading to ischaemic events such as stroke. Macrophage phenotypes can be altered by the microenvironment, and certain anti-inflammatory agents may, therefore…
View article: Remote Ischaemic Conditioning for Neurological Disorders – A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis
Remote Ischaemic Conditioning for Neurological Disorders – A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis Open
Introduction: Remote ischaemic conditioning (RIC) refers to the use of controlled transient ischemic and reperfusion cycles, commonly of the upper or lower limb, to mitigate cellular damage from ischaemic injury. Preclinical studies demons…
View article: The protective role of carnosine against type 2 diabetes‐induced cognitive impairment
The protective role of carnosine against type 2 diabetes‐induced cognitive impairment Open
The morbidity and mortality associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have grown exponentially over the last 30 years. Together with its associated complications, the mortality rates have increased. One important complication in thos…
View article: Gene Expression Studies in Down Syndrome: What Do They Tell Us about Disease Phenotypes?
Gene Expression Studies in Down Syndrome: What Do They Tell Us about Disease Phenotypes? Open
Down syndrome is a well-studied aneuploidy condition in humans, which is associated with various disease phenotypes including cardiovascular, neurological, haematological and immunological disease processes. This review paper aims to discu…
View article: Carnosine supplementation improves delayed recall: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Carnosine supplementation improves delayed recall: a systematic review and meta‐analysis Open
Background Carnosine is a histidine‐containing dipeptide found in human muscle tissue and other organs like the brain. Data in rodents and humans indicate that administration of exogenous carnosine improved cognitive performance. However, …
View article: Gene Expression Studies in Down Syndrome; What Do They Tell Us about Disease Phenotypes?
Gene Expression Studies in Down Syndrome; What Do They Tell Us about Disease Phenotypes? Open
Background: Down Syndrome is the most well-studied aneuploidy condition in humans. It is associated with multiple disease phenotypes including cardiovascular, neurological, haemato-logical, and immunological disease processes. In this revi…
View article: Thrombolysis Outcomes in Acute Ischaemic Stroke Patients with Pre-Existing Cognitive Impairment
Thrombolysis Outcomes in Acute Ischaemic Stroke Patients with Pre-Existing Cognitive Impairment Open
Background: Thrombolysis treatment for ischaemic stroke in patients with pre-existing disabilities, including cognitive impairment, remains controversial. Previous studies have suggested functional outcomes post-thrombolysis are worse in p…
View article: Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Rehabilitation for Upper Limb Motor Impairment and Function After Chronic Ischemic Stroke: Subgroup Analysis of the Randomized, Blinded, Pivotal, VNS-REHAB Device Trial
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Rehabilitation for Upper Limb Motor Impairment and Function After Chronic Ischemic Stroke: Subgroup Analysis of the Randomized, Blinded, Pivotal, VNS-REHAB Device Trial Open
Background Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) paired with rehabilitation improved upper extremity impairment and function in a recent pivotal, randomized, triple-blind, sham-controlled trial in people with chronic arm weakness after stroke. Obj…
View article: The neurology of space flight; How does space flight effect the human nervous system?
The neurology of space flight; How does space flight effect the human nervous system? Open
Analysis of these studies provided a holistic understanding of the acute and chronic neurological changes that occur during space flight. Astronauts are exposed to hazards that include microgravity, cosmic radiation, hypercapnia, isolation…
View article: Dominant Parietal Lobe Ischaemic Stroke Presenting as Alien Hand Syndrome
Dominant Parietal Lobe Ischaemic Stroke Presenting as Alien Hand Syndrome Open
We describe an unusual case of stroke manifesting as alien hand syndrome (AHS) causing sudden onset of abnormal hand movements. The patient reported his left arm would move outside his control and grab things in his surroundings without hi…
View article: Antiplatelet Use in Ischemic Stroke
Antiplatelet Use in Ischemic Stroke Open
Objective: A literature review of antiplatelet agents for primary and secondary stroke prevention, including mechanism of action, cost, and reasons for lack of benefit. Data sources: Articles were gathered from MEDLINE, Cochrane Reviews, a…