Alan Kan
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Localization performance of cochlear implant users with a real-time bilaterally-synchronized sound coding strategy that provides explicit interaural timing cues with mixed rates of stimulation Open
Introduction Bilateral cochlear implants (BiCIs) do not restore sound localization abilities to the full extent exhibited by typical hearing (TH) listeners, partly due to poor encoding of interaural time differences (ITDs). ITD cues have b…
Best Cochlear Locations for Delivering Interaural Timing Cues in Electric Hearing Open
Growing numbers of children and adults who are deaf are eligible to receive cochlear implants (CI), which provide access to everyday sound. CIs in both ears (bilateral CIs or BiCIs) are becoming standard of care in many countries. However,…
A Mixed-Rate Strategy on a Bilaterally-Synchronized Cochlear Implant Processor Offering the Opportunity to Provide Both Speech Understanding and Interaural Time Difference Cues Open
Background/Objective: Bilaterally implanted cochlear implant (CI) users do not consistently have access to interaural time differences (ITDs). ITDs are crucial for restoring the ability to localize sounds and understand speech in noisy env…
Lateralization of binaural envelope cues measured with a mobile cochlear-implant research processor Open
Bilateral cochlear implant (BICI) listeners do not have full access to the binaural cues that normal hearing (NH) listeners use for spatial hearing tasks such as localization. When using their unsynchronized everyday processors, BICI liste…
Lateralization of interaural time differences with mixed rates of stimulation in bilateral cochlear implant listeners Open
While listeners with bilateral cochlear implants (BiCIs) are able to access information in both ears, they still struggle to perform well on spatial hearing tasks when compared to normal hearing listeners. This performance gap could be att…
Asymmetric temporal envelope sensitivity: Within- and across-ear envelope comparisons in listeners with bilateral cochlear implants Open
For listeners with bilateral cochlear implants (BiCIs), patient-specific differences in the interface between cochlear implant (CI) electrodes and the auditory nerve can lead to degraded temporal envelope information, compromising the abil…
The Impact of Synchronized Cochlear Implant Sampling and Stimulation on Free-Field Spatial Hearing Outcomes: Comparing the ciPDA Research Processor to Clinical Processors. Open
Using processors with synchronized hardware did not yield an improvement in sound localization or SRM for all individuals, suggesting that mere synchronization of hardware is not sufficient for improving spatial hearing outcomes. Further w…
Sound source localization patterns and bilateral cochlear implants: Age at onset of deafness effects Open
The ability to determine a sound’s location is critical in everyday life. However, sound source localization is severely compromised for patients with hearing loss who receive bilateral cochlear implants (BiCIs). Several patient factors re…
Pitch Perception With the Temporal Limits Encoder for Cochlear Implants Open
The temporal-limits-encoder (TLE) strategy has been proposed to enhance the representation of temporal fine structure (TFS) in cochlear implants (CIs), which is vital for many aspects of sound perception but is typically discarded by most …
The Temporal Limits Encoder as a Sound Coding Strategy for Bilateral Cochlear Implants Open
The difference in binaural benefit between bilateral cochlear implant (CI) users and normal hearing (NH) listeners has typically been attributed to CI sound coding strategies not encoding the acoustic fine structure (FS) interaural time di…
Development of Binaural Sensitivity: Eye Gaze as a Measure of Real-time Processing Open
Children localize sounds using binaural cues when navigating everyday auditory environments. While sensitivity to binaural cues reaches maturity by 8-10 years of age, large individual variability has been observed in the just-noticeable-di…
Evaluating the Impact of Age, Acoustic Exposure, and Electrical Stimulation on Binaural Sensitivity in Adult Bilateral Cochlear Implant Patients Open
Deafness in both ears is highly disruptive to communication in everyday listening situations. Many individuals with profound deafness receive bilateral cochlear implants (CIs) to gain access to spatial cues used in localization and speech …
Auditory Attention and Spatial Unmasking in Children With Cochlear Implants Open
The ability to attend to target speech in background noise is an important skill, particularly for children who spend many hours in noisy environments. Intelligibility improves as a result of spatial or binaural unmasking in the free-field…
Binaural hearing measured with the temporal limits encoder using a vocoder simulation of cochlear implants Open
Cochlear implants (CIs) convert sound to electrical stimulation by extracting the envelope in each frequency band while discarding the temporal fine structure (TFS). This processing removes the fine structure interaural time differences (I…
Asymmetric temporal envelope encoding: Implications for within- and across-ear envelope comparison Open
Separating sound sources in acoustic environments relies on making ongoing, highly accurate spectro-temporal comparisons. However, listeners with hearing impairment may have varying quality of temporal encoding within or across ears, which…
Effect of channel separation and interaural mismatch on fusion and lateralization in normal-hearing and cochlear-implant listeners Open
Bilateral cochlear implantation has provided access to some of the benefits of binaural hearing enjoyed by normal-hearing (NH) listeners. However, a gap in performance still exists between the two populations. Single-channel stimulation st…
Auditory motion tracking ability of adults with normal hearing and with bilateral cochlear implants Open
Adults with bilateral cochlear implants (BiCIs) receive benefits in localizing stationary sounds when listening with two implants compared with one; however, sound localization ability is significantly poorer when compared to normal hearin…
Temporal dynamics and uncertainty in binaural hearing revealed by anticipatory eye movements Open
Accurate perception of binaural cues is essential for left-right sound localization. Much literature focuses on threshold measures of perceptual acuity and accuracy. This study focused on supra-threshold perception using an anticipatory ey…
Mixed stimulation rates to improve sensitivity of interaural timing differences in bilateral cochlear implant listeners Open
Normal hearing listeners extract small interaural time differences (ITDs) and interaural level differences (ILDs) to locate sounds and segregate targets from noise. Bilateral cochlear implant listeners show poor sensitivity to ITDs when us…
Improving Speech Recognition in Bilateral Cochlear Implant Users by Listening With the Better Ear Open
For patients with bilateral cochlear implants (BiCIs), understanding a target talker in a noisy situation can be difficult. Current efforts for improving speech-in-noise understanding have focused on improving signal-to-noise ratio by usin…
Use of Research Interfaces for Psychophysical Studies With Cochlear-Implant Users Open
A growing number of laboratories are using research interfaces to conduct experiments with cochlear-implant (CI) users. Because these interfaces bypass a subject’s clinical sound processor, several concerns exist regarding safety and stimu…
Lateralization of interaural timing differences with multi-electrode stimulation in bilateral cochlear-implant users Open
Bilateral cochlear implant (BiCI) users have shown variability in interaural time difference (ITD) sensitivity at different places along the cochlea. This paper investigates perception of multi-electrode binaural stimulation to determine i…
Spatial attention in bilateral cochlear-implant users Open
Cochlear-implant (CI) users have difficulty understanding speech in the presence of interfering sounds. This study was designed to determine if binaural unmasking of speech is limited by peripheral or central encoding. Speech was presented…
Binaural hearing in children using Gaussian enveloped and transposed tones Open
Children who use bilateral cochlear implants (BiCIs) show significantly poorer sound localization skills than their normal hearing (NH) peers. This difference has been attributed, in part, to the fact that cochlear implants (CIs) do not fa…