Alan K. Knapp
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View article: Environmental Heterogeneity Imposed by Photovoltaic Array Alters Grassland Soil Microbial Communities
Environmental Heterogeneity Imposed by Photovoltaic Array Alters Grassland Soil Microbial Communities Open
The rapid expansion of photovoltaic (PV) energy production has generated concern over its potential ecosystem impacts. PV arrays induce unique microenvironmental conditions by altering resource availability and substantially impacting abov…
View article: Experimental drought consistently underestimates productivity responses to natural drought in four Central US grasslands
Experimental drought consistently underestimates productivity responses to natural drought in four Central US grasslands Open
Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of droughts globally, and grasslands are particularly vulnerable to such hydrological extremes. Drought effects at the ecosystem scale have been assessed both experimentally and throu…
View article: Extreme Drought Decreases the Stability of Above‐ but Not Below‐Ground Productivity Across Eurasian Steppes
Extreme Drought Decreases the Stability of Above‐ but Not Below‐Ground Productivity Across Eurasian Steppes Open
Ecological stability plays a crucial role in determining the sustainability of ecosystem functioning and nature's contribution to people. Although the disruptive effects of extreme drought on ecosystem structure and functions are widely re…
View article: Evidence of photovoltaic aridity mitigation in semi-arid grasslands
Evidence of photovoltaic aridity mitigation in semi-arid grasslands Open
In water-limited ecosystems, evidence suggests that photovoltaic (PV) arrays may alleviate water stress, potentially mitigating the loss of key ecosystem services such as forage production. This hypothesized aridity mitigation potential (A…
View article: Extreme Drought Increases the Temporal Variability of Grassland Productivity by Suppressing Dominant Grasses
Extreme Drought Increases the Temporal Variability of Grassland Productivity by Suppressing Dominant Grasses Open
Extreme droughts are intensifying, yet their impact on temporal variability of grassland functioning and its drivers remains poorly understood. We imposed a 6‐year extreme drought in two semiarid grasslands to explore how drought influence…
View article: <scp>C<sub>4</sub></scp> photosynthesis, trait spectra, and the fast‐efficient phenotype
<span>C<sub>4</sub></span> photosynthesis, trait spectra, and the fast‐efficient phenotype Open
Summary It has been 60 years since the discovery of C 4 photosynthesis, an event that rewrote our understanding of plant adaptation, ecosystem responses to global change, and global food security. Despite six decades of research, one aspec…
View article: Evidence for a threshold in ecosystem functioning during an extreme drought in a semi-arid grassland
Evidence for a threshold in ecosystem functioning during an extreme drought in a semi-arid grassland Open
Climate change has intensified the severity and duration of droughts in grasslands globally, increasing the risk of extreme multiyear droughts.  While most grasslands are considered to be resilient to short-term drought, extreme multi…
View article: Aridity drives the response of soil total and particulate organic carbon to drought in temperate grasslands and shrublands
Aridity drives the response of soil total and particulate organic carbon to drought in temperate grasslands and shrublands Open
The increasing prevalence of drought events in grasslands and shrublands worldwide potentially has impacts on soil organic carbon (SOC). We leveraged the International Drought Experiment to study how SOC, including particulate organic carb…
View article: Advancing Agrivoltaics through a Systematic Design Framework: Guidelines for Integration and Informed Decision-Making
Advancing Agrivoltaics through a Systematic Design Framework: Guidelines for Integration and Informed Decision-Making Open
Agrivoltaics (AV), the integration of agriculture and photovoltaic (PV) technology, can provide solutions to address land use conflicts associated with growing demands for food, energy, and water resources. Currently, there is no method to…
View article: Solar arrays create novel environments that uniquely alter plant responses
Solar arrays create novel environments that uniquely alter plant responses Open
Societal Impact Statement Globally, the combustion of fossil fuels represents the vast majority of greenhouse gas emissions, and as such, a transition to renewable forms of energy provides the greatest potential for mitigating climate warm…
View article: The responses of photosynthetic rate of dominant species to extreme drought in Inner Mongolia grasslands
The responses of photosynthetic rate of dominant species to extreme drought in Inner Mongolia grasslands Open
Estimating the effects of extreme drought on the photosynthetic rates (Pn) of dominant plant species is crucial for understanding the mechanisms driving the impacts of extreme drought on ecosystem functioning. Extreme drought may result fr…
View article: Chronic drought decreased organic carbon content in topsoil greater than intense drought across grasslands in Northern China
Chronic drought decreased organic carbon content in topsoil greater than intense drought across grasslands in Northern China Open
Grasslands are expected to experience extreme climatic events such as extreme drought due to rising global temperatures. However, we still lack evidence of how extreme drought influence soil organic carbon (SOC) content in grassland ecosys…
View article: Extreme drought impacts have been underestimated in grasslands and shrublands globally
Extreme drought impacts have been underestimated in grasslands and shrublands globally Open
Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of short-term (~1 y) drought events—the most common duration of drought—globally. Yet the impact of this intensification of drought on ecosystem functioning remains poorly resolved. T…
View article: Field experiments have enhanced our understanding of drought impacts on terrestrial ecosystems—But where do we go from here?
Field experiments have enhanced our understanding of drought impacts on terrestrial ecosystems—But where do we go from here? Open
We review results from field experiments that simulate drought, an ecologically impactful global change threat that is predicted to increase in magnitude, extent, duration and frequency. Our goal is to address, from primarily an ecosystem …
View article: Accounting for herbaceous communities in process‐based models will advance our understanding of “grassy” ecosystems
Accounting for herbaceous communities in process‐based models will advance our understanding of “grassy” ecosystems Open
Grassland and other herbaceous communities cover significant portions of Earth's terrestrial surface and provide many critical services, such as carbon sequestration, wildlife habitat, and food production. Forecasts of global change impact…
View article: Knowns, uncertainties, and challenges in agrivoltaics to sustainably intensify energy and food production
Knowns, uncertainties, and challenges in agrivoltaics to sustainably intensify energy and food production Open
Harnessing solar energy to renewably produce electricity can contribute to climate mitigation while meeting current energy demands. However, utility-scale photovoltaics are land intensive and can compete with food production. Agrivoltaics,…
View article: Assessing carbon storage capacity and saturation across six central US grasslands using data–model integration
Assessing carbon storage capacity and saturation across six central US grasslands using data–model integration Open
Future global changes will impact carbon (C) fluxes and pools in most terrestrial ecosystems and the feedback of terrestrial carbon cycling to atmospheric CO2. Determining the vulnerability of C in ecosystems to future environmental change…
View article: Grassland carbon-water cycling minimally impacted by a photovoltaic array
Grassland carbon-water cycling minimally impacted by a photovoltaic array Open
Dataset for Kannenberg et al. 2023 Communications Earth & Environment
View article: Grassland carbon-water cycling minimally impacted by a photovoltaic array
Grassland carbon-water cycling minimally impacted by a photovoltaic array Open
Dataset for Kannenberg et al. 2023 Communications Earth & Environment
View article: Grassland carbon-water cycling minimally impacted by a photovoltaic array
Grassland carbon-water cycling minimally impacted by a photovoltaic array Open
Dataset for Kannenberg et al. 2023 Communications Earth & Environment
View article: Effects of intra-annual precipitation patterns on grassland productivity moderated by the dominant species phenology
Effects of intra-annual precipitation patterns on grassland productivity moderated by the dominant species phenology Open
Phenology and productivity are important functional indicators of grassland ecosystems. However, our understanding of how intra-annual precipitation patterns affect plant phenology and productivity in grasslands is still limited. Here, we …
View article: Coordination of hydraulic and morphological traits across dominant grasses in eastern Australia
Coordination of hydraulic and morphological traits across dominant grasses in eastern Australia Open
Leaf hydraulic traits characterize plant drought tolerance and responses to climate change. Yet, plant hydraulics are biased towards northern hemisphere woody species. We collected rhizomes of several perennial grass species along a precip…
View article: The detection and attribution of extreme reductions in vegetation growth across the global land surface
The detection and attribution of extreme reductions in vegetation growth across the global land surface Open
Negative extreme anomalies in vegetation growth (NEGs) usually indicate severely impaired ecosystem services. These NEGs can result from diverse natural and anthropogenic causes, especially climate extremes (CEs). However, the relationship…
View article: Inter- and intraspecific trait variability differentially affect community-weighted trait responses to and recovery from long-term drought
Inter- and intraspecific trait variability differentially affect community-weighted trait responses to and recovery from long-term drought Open
1. Plant traits are useful proxies of plant strategies and can influence community and ecosystem responses to climate extremes, such as severe drought. Few studies, however, have investigated both the immediate and lagged effects of drough…
View article: Grassland productivity responds unexpectedly to dynamic light and soil water environments induced by photovoltaic arrays
Grassland productivity responds unexpectedly to dynamic light and soil water environments induced by photovoltaic arrays Open
Agrivoltaic (AV) systems are designed to coproduce photovoltaic (PV) energy on lands simultaneously supporting agriculture (food/forage production). PV infrastructure in agroecosystems alters resources critical for plant growth, and water‐…
View article: Comment on bg-2022-164
Comment on bg-2022-164 Open
Abstract. Future global changes will impact carbon (C) fluxes and pools in most terrestrial ecosystems and the feedback of terrestrial carbon cycling to atmospheric CO2. Determining the vulnerability of ecosystems to future changes in C is…