Alan Z. Liu
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View article: An Investigation on Effect of Data Resolution on Vertical Wavenumber Spectrum of Gravity Waves From Radiosonde Observations
An Investigation on Effect of Data Resolution on Vertical Wavenumber Spectrum of Gravity Waves From Radiosonde Observations Open
Spectral structure of gravity waves (GWs) attracted much attention because it is related to wave dissipation mechanism and parameterization effect. Although many works have studied the spectral variation of GWs and attributed this change t…
View article: Direct Kelvin‐Helmholtz Instability Detection at the Ionospheric E Region Electron Density
Direct Kelvin‐Helmholtz Instability Detection at the Ionospheric E Region Electron Density Open
New high‐resolution measurements by Sanya incoherent scatter radar (ISR) employing a wide‐bandwidth chirp signal now enable spatiotemporal resolutions of 37.5 m and 50 s. We have applied these new capabilities for observations of Kelvin‐He…
View article: Behaviors of Interhemispheric Coupling in Different Boreal Winter Subseasons During Major SSWs
Behaviors of Interhemispheric Coupling in Different Boreal Winter Subseasons During Major SSWs Open
View article: Chilean Observation Network De Meteor Radars (CONDOR): multi-static system configuration and wind comparison with co-located lidar
Chilean Observation Network De Meteor Radars (CONDOR): multi-static system configuration and wind comparison with co-located lidar Open
The Chilean Observation Network De Meteor Radars (CONDOR) commenced deployment in June 2019 and became fully operational in February 2020. It is a multi-static meteor radar system consisting of three ∼ 1° latitudinally separated stations. …
View article: RavenPack Quantitative Research: Enhancing Currency Risk Premia with RavenPack FX Sentiment Factors
RavenPack Quantitative Research: Enhancing Currency Risk Premia with RavenPack FX Sentiment Factors Open
View article: CONDOR Meteor Radar Horizontal Wind
CONDOR Meteor Radar Horizontal Wind Open
CONDOR is a multi-static meteor radar system with the main station at Cerro Pachón, Chile, next to the Andes Lidar Observatory (ALO) and two remote stations at Las Campanas Observatory (LCO) 137 km to the north and Southern Cross Observato…
View article: RavenPack Quantitative Research: Introducing Earnings Intelligence Factors
RavenPack Quantitative Research: Introducing Earnings Intelligence Factors Open
View article: Seasonal and Local Time Variation in the Observed Peak of the Meteor Altitude Distributions by Meteor Radars
Seasonal and Local Time Variation in the Observed Peak of the Meteor Altitude Distributions by Meteor Radars Open
Meteoroids of sub‐milligram sizes burn up high in the Earth's atmosphere and cause streaks of plasma trails detectable by meteor radars. The altitude at which these trails, or meteors, form depends on a number of factors including atmosphe…
View article: Chilean Observation Network De MeteOr Radars (CONDOR): Multi-Static System Configuration & Wind Comparison with Co-located Lidar
Chilean Observation Network De MeteOr Radars (CONDOR): Multi-Static System Configuration & Wind Comparison with Co-located Lidar Open
The Chilean Observation Network De MeteOr Radars (CONDOR) commenced deployment in June 2019 and became fully operational in February 2020. It is a multi-static meteor radar system consisting of three ~1º latitudinally separated stations. T…
View article: Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Wind Perturbations Due To the 2022 Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai Eruption as Observed by Multistatic Specular Meteor Radars
Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Wind Perturbations Due To the 2022 Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai Eruption as Observed by Multistatic Specular Meteor Radars Open
Utilizing multistatic specular meteor radar (MSMR) observations, this study delves into global aspects of wind perturbations in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) from the unprecedented 2022 eruption of the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'ap…
View article: Gravity waves generated by the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha′apai volcanic eruption and their global propagation in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere observed by meteor radars and modeled with the High-Altitude general Mechanistic Circulation Model
Gravity waves generated by the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha′apai volcanic eruption and their global propagation in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere observed by meteor radars and modeled with the High-Altitude general Mechanistic Circulation Model Open
The Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha′apai volcano erupted on 15 January 2022, launching Lamb waves and gravity waves into the atmosphere. In this study, we present results using 13 globally distributed meteor radars and identify the volcanogenic gravi…
View article: Investigation of gravity waves using measurements from a sodium temperature/wind lidar operated in multi-direction mode
Investigation of gravity waves using measurements from a sodium temperature/wind lidar operated in multi-direction mode Open
A narrow-band sodium lidar provides high temporal and vertical resolution observations of sodium density, atmospheric temperature, and wind that facilitate the investigation of atmospheric waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (80…
View article: Evidence for SSW Triggered Q6DW‐Tide and Q6DW‐Gravity Wave Interactions Observed by Meteor Radars at 30°S
Evidence for SSW Triggered Q6DW‐Tide and Q6DW‐Gravity Wave Interactions Observed by Meteor Radars at 30°S Open
An exceptionally strong westward propagating quasi‐6‐day wave (Q6DW) with zonal wavenumber 1 in connection with the rare 2019 Southern Hemispheric Sudden Stratospheric Warming (SSW) is observed by two meteor radars at 30°S and is found to …
View article: Studying the global propagation of gravity waves generated by the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha‘apai volcanic eruption from meteor radar observations and the High-Altitude General Mechanistic Circulation Model
Studying the global propagation of gravity waves generated by the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha‘apai volcanic eruption from meteor radar observations and the High-Altitude General Mechanistic Circulation Model Open
The Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha‘apai (HTHH) volcanic eruption on 15th January 2022 was an unprecedented event and a unique opportunity to investigate volcanic-caused gravity waves (GW) and their global propagation. In this study, we have co…
View article: CONDOR Meteor Radar Horizontal Wind
CONDOR Meteor Radar Horizontal Wind Open
<p><a href="http://alo.erau.edu/instrument/mr/index.php">CONDOR</a> is a multi-static meteor radar system with the main station at Cerro Pachón, Chile, next to the Andes Lidar Observatory (ALO) and two remote stati…
View article: Comment on egusphere-2023-1714
Comment on egusphere-2023-1714 Open
Abstract. The Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha‘apai volcano erupted on 15th January 2022, launching Lamb waves and gravity waves into the atmosphere. In this study, we present results using 13 globally distributed meteor radars and id…
View article: Gravity waves generated by the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha‘apai volcanic eruption and their global propagation in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere observed by meteor radars and modeled with the High-Altitude General Mechanistic Circulation Model
Gravity waves generated by the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha‘apai volcanic eruption and their global propagation in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere observed by meteor radars and modeled with the High-Altitude General Mechanistic Circulation Model Open
The Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha‘apai volcano erupted on 15th January 2022, launching Lamb waves and gravity waves into the atmosphere. In this study, we present results using 13 globally distributed meteor radars and identify the volcanic-caused …
View article: A “Boreing” Night of Observations of the Upper Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Over the Andes Lidar Observatory
A “Boreing” Night of Observations of the Upper Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Over the Andes Lidar Observatory Open
A very high‐spatial resolution (∼21–23 m pixel at 85 km altitude) OH airglow imager at the Andes Lidar Observatory at Cerro Pachón, Chile observed considerable ducted wave activity on the night of 29–30 October 2016. This instrument was co…
View article: Comment on egusphere-2023-1563
Comment on egusphere-2023-1563 Open
Abstract. A narrow-band sodium lidar provides high temporal and vertical resolution observations of sodium density, atmospheric temperature, and wind that facilitate the investigation of atmospheric waves in the mesosphere…
View article: Comment on egusphere-2023-1563
Comment on egusphere-2023-1563 Open
Abstract. A narrow-band sodium lidar provides high temporal and vertical resolution observations of sodium density, atmospheric temperature, and wind that facilitate the investigation of atmospheric waves in the mesosphere…
View article: Accelerating Atmospheric Gravity Wave Simulations Using Machine Learning: Kelvin‐Helmholtz Instability and Mountain Wave Sources Driving Gravity Wave Breaking and Secondary Gravity Wave Generation
Accelerating Atmospheric Gravity Wave Simulations Using Machine Learning: Kelvin‐Helmholtz Instability and Mountain Wave Sources Driving Gravity Wave Breaking and Secondary Gravity Wave Generation Open
Gravity waves (GWs) and their associated multi‐scale dynamics are known to play fundamental roles in energy and momentum transport and deposition processes throughout the atmosphere. We describe an initial machine learning model—the Compre…
View article: Investigation of Gravity Waves using Measurements from a Sodium Temperature/Wind Lidar Operated in Multi-Direction Mode
Investigation of Gravity Waves using Measurements from a Sodium Temperature/Wind Lidar Operated in Multi-Direction Mode Open
A narrow-band sodium lidar provides high temporal and vertical resolution observations of sodium density, atmospheric temperature, and wind that facilitate the investigation of atmospheric waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (80…
View article: Na Lidar Data acquired at Haleakala, Maui, Hawaii from 2002-2005
Na Lidar Data acquired at Haleakala, Maui, Hawaii from 2002-2005 Open
The dataset contains profiles of temperatures, line-of-sight winds, Na densities, and their uncertainties in Matlab format.
View article: Na Lidar Data acquired at Haleakala, Maui, Hawaii from 2002-2005
Na Lidar Data acquired at Haleakala, Maui, Hawaii from 2002-2005 Open
The dataset contains profiles of temperatures, line-of-sight winds, Na densities, and their uncertainties in Matlab format.
View article: CONDOR Meteor Radar Horizontal Wind
CONDOR Meteor Radar Horizontal Wind Open
CONDOR is a multi-static meteor radar system with the main station at Cerro Pachón, Chile, next to the Andes Lidar Observatory (ALO) and two remote stations at Las Campanas Observatory (LCO) 137 km to the north and Southern Cross Observato…
View article: Extreme Horizontal Wind Perturbations in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Over South America Associated With the 2022 Hunga Eruption
Extreme Horizontal Wind Perturbations in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Over South America Associated With the 2022 Hunga Eruption Open
On 15 January 2022, the Hunga volcano produced a massive explosion that generated perturbations in the entire atmosphere. Nonetheless, signatures in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) have been challenging to identify. We report M…
View article: Gravity Waves Emitted From Kelvin‐Helmholtz Instabilities
Gravity Waves Emitted From Kelvin‐Helmholtz Instabilities Open
Fritts, Wang, Lund, and Thorpe (2022, https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2021.1085 ) and Fritts, Wang, Thorpe, and Lund (2022, https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2021.1086 ) described a 3‐dimensional direct numerical simulation of interacting Kelvin‐Hel…
View article: Identifying gravity waves launched by the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha′apai volcanic eruption in mesosphere/lower-thermosphere winds derived from CONDOR and the Nordic Meteor Radar Cluster
Identifying gravity waves launched by the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha′apai volcanic eruption in mesosphere/lower-thermosphere winds derived from CONDOR and the Nordic Meteor Radar Cluster Open
The Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha′apai volcano eruption was a unique event that caused many atmospheric phenomena around the globe. In this study, we investigate the atmospheric gravity waves in the mesosphere/lower-thermosphere (MLT) launched by t…
View article: Accelerating Atmospheric Gravity Wave Simulations using Machine Learning: Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability and Mountain Wave Sources Driving Gravity Wave Breaking and Secondary Gravity Wave Generation
Accelerating Atmospheric Gravity Wave Simulations using Machine Learning: Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability and Mountain Wave Sources Driving Gravity Wave Breaking and Secondary Gravity Wave Generation Open
Gravity waves (GWs) and their associated multi-scale dynamics are known to play fundamental roles in energy and momentum transport and deposition processes throughout the atmosphere. We describe an initial, two-dimensional (2-D), machine l…
View article: Accelerating Atmospheric Gravity Wave Simulations using Machine Learning
Accelerating Atmospheric Gravity Wave Simulations using Machine Learning Open
Gravity waves (GWs) and their associated multi-scale dynamics are known to play fundamental roles in energy and momentum transport and deposition processes throughout the atmosphere. GWs are well described by the Navier-Stokes equations, b…