Ashok Roy
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View article: Knowledge and Practice Regarding Eating Behaviours Among Adolescents
Knowledge and Practice Regarding Eating Behaviours Among Adolescents Open
Adolescent eating behaviors are critical determinants of long-term health and nutritional outcomes. The present study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice regarding eating behaviours among adolescents. A non-experimental descriptive …
View article: Psychiatry of intellectual disability in the UK: looking back, moving forward
Psychiatry of intellectual disability in the UK: looking back, moving forward Open
In this century, psychiatry for people with intellectual disability in the United Kingdom has undergone profound shifts, shaped by deinstitutionalization, legislative reform, a focus on psychotropic reduction, an increasing recognition of …
View article: Fit for whose future? A critical omission of people with intellectual disability in the 2025 NHS 10 Year Health Plan for England
Fit for whose future? A critical omission of people with intellectual disability in the 2025 NHS 10 Year Health Plan for England Open
Summary The NHS 2025 Health Plan aims for radical reform but overlooks people with intellectual disability. This editorial highlights critical omissions in policy, services, research and rights protections. Without intentional inclusion, d…
View article: Analysing the Role of Mobile Financial Services (MFS) in Financial Inclusion: A Data-driven Exploration of CDIP’s Journey
Analysing the Role of Mobile Financial Services (MFS) in Financial Inclusion: A Data-driven Exploration of CDIP’s Journey Open
Aims: This study explores how mobile financial services (MFS) have developed and impacted the work of the Centre for Development Innovation and Practices (CDIP), a mid-sized Bangladesh NGO-MFI. CDIP has worked for financial inclusion and s…
View article: Perceptions to Care, (Education) and Treatment Reviews (C(E)TRs) of Mental Health Clinicians Working with Adults with Intellectual Disability in England: A Cross-Sectional Study
Perceptions to Care, (Education) and Treatment Reviews (C(E)TRs) of Mental Health Clinicians Working with Adults with Intellectual Disability in England: A Cross-Sectional Study Open
Introduction: Care (Education) and Treatment Reviews (C(E)TR) are meetings to review individualized needs of people with intellectual disabilities (PwID) at risk of or currently undergoing psychiatric hospitalization. We aimed to understan…
View article: The Mental Health Bill (2025) for England and Wales: professional and carer consensus statement summarising concerns and unintended consequences from proposed changes to autism and learning disability
The Mental Health Bill (2025) for England and Wales: professional and carer consensus statement summarising concerns and unintended consequences from proposed changes to autism and learning disability Open
The Mental Health Bill, 2025, proposes to remove autism and learning disability from the scope of Section 3 of the Mental Health Act, 1983 (MHA). The present article represents a professional and carer consensus statement that raises conce…
View article: Factors influencing physical healthcare quality for people with intellectual disabilities: psychiatry multidisciplinary team perspective
Factors influencing physical healthcare quality for people with intellectual disabilities: psychiatry multidisciplinary team perspective Open
Background There is a need for better collaborative care between services to improve healthcare provision for people with intellectual disabilities. In the UK, the learning disability psychiatry multidisciplinary team (MDT) is a specialist…
View article: The Mental Health Bill (2025) for England and Wales: A professional and carer consensus statement summarising concerns and unintended consequences from proposed changes to Autism and Learning Disability
The Mental Health Bill (2025) for England and Wales: A professional and carer consensus statement summarising concerns and unintended consequences from proposed changes to Autism and Learning Disability Open
The Mental Health Bill, 2025, proposes to remove autism and learning disability from the scope of Section 3 of the Mental Health Act, 1983. The present article represents a professional and carer consensus statement which raises concerns a…
View article: Time to prioritise the use of participatory research methods for people with intellectual disabilities
Time to prioritise the use of participatory research methods for people with intellectual disabilities Open
Summary People with intellectual disability experience significant health inequality, and consequently poor health outcomes. Although research can facilitate change, there is a risk of researchers propagating inequity by selecting methods …
View article: A novel way to understand and communicate the burden of AntiPsycHotic prescribing for adults across specialist Intellectual Disability services in England and Wales: the APHID feasibility study protocol
A novel way to understand and communicate the burden of AntiPsycHotic prescribing for adults across specialist Intellectual Disability services in England and Wales: the APHID feasibility study protocol Open
Background The stopping overmedication of people with a learning disability, autism, or both (STOMP) programme was launched in 2016 in response to concerns about the over-prescribing of medication in people with intellectual disability. Th…
View article: Investigating the component structure of the Health of the Nation Outcomes Scales for people with Learning Disabilities (HoNOS-LD)
Investigating the component structure of the Health of the Nation Outcomes Scales for people with Learning Disabilities (HoNOS-LD) Open
Background: Outcome measurement is increasingly recognised as a vital element of high-quality service provision, but practice remains variable in the field of intellectual disabilities. The Health of the National Outcome Scales for people …
View article: Long-term segregation and seclusion for people with an intellectual disability and/or autism in hospitals: critique of the current state of affairs
Long-term segregation and seclusion for people with an intellectual disability and/or autism in hospitals: critique of the current state of affairs Open
In November 2023, the Department of Health and Social Care published guidance, entitled ‘Baroness Hollins’ Final Report: My Heart Breaks – Solitary Confinement in Hospital Has no Therapeutic Benefit for People with a Learning Disability an…
View article: Evidencing the challenges of care delivery for people with intellectual disability and epilepsy in England by using the Step Together toolkit – CORRIGENDUM
Evidencing the challenges of care delivery for people with intellectual disability and epilepsy in England by using the Step Together toolkit – CORRIGENDUM Open
View article: Evidencing the challenges of care delivery for people with intellectual disability and epilepsy in England by using the Step Together toolkit
Evidencing the challenges of care delivery for people with intellectual disability and epilepsy in England by using the Step Together toolkit Open
Background People with intellectual disability (PwID) and epilepsy have increased premature and potentially preventable mortality. This is related to a lack of equitable access to appropriate care. The Step Together guidance and toolkit, d…
View article: Implementation of the International Classification of Diseases 11th revision behavioural indicators for disorders of intellectual development with co‐occurring autism spectrum disorder
Implementation of the International Classification of Diseases 11th revision behavioural indicators for disorders of intellectual development with co‐occurring autism spectrum disorder Open
Background The classification of mental, behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorders in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases 11th revision (ICD‐11) includes a comprehensive set of behavioural indicators…
View article: The relationship between clinical presentation and the nature of care in adults with intellectual disability and epilepsy – national comparative cohort study
The relationship between clinical presentation and the nature of care in adults with intellectual disability and epilepsy – national comparative cohort study Open
Background A quarter of People with Intellectual Disabilities (PwID) have epilepsy compared with 1% of the general population. Epilepsy in PwID is a bellwether for premature mortality, multimorbidity and polypharmacy. This group depends on…
View article: Chronic constipation in people with intellectual disabilities in the community: cross-sectional study
Chronic constipation in people with intellectual disabilities in the community: cross-sectional study Open
Background One-third to half of people with intellectual disabilities suffer from chronic constipation (defined as two or fewer bowel movements weekly or taking regular laxatives three or more times weekly), a cause of significant morbidit…
View article: Awareness of social care needs in people with epilepsy and intellectual disability
Awareness of social care needs in people with epilepsy and intellectual disability Open
A gap exists between health and social care professionals in awareness of epilepsy needs for people with ID, requiring essential training and national pathways.
View article: Review and update of the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for People with Learning Disabilities (HoNOS-LD)
Review and update of the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for People with Learning Disabilities (HoNOS-LD) Open
Background: The Health of the Nation Outcomes Scales for people with Learning Disabilities (HoNOS-LD) is an 18-item measure which provides a structured and standardized approach to rating various clinical and psychosocial outcomes and has …
View article: The psychological and social impact of the digital self-support system ‘Brain in Hand’ on autistic people: prospective cohort study in England and Wales
The psychological and social impact of the digital self-support system ‘Brain in Hand’ on autistic people: prospective cohort study in England and Wales Open
Background Brain in Hand (BIH) is a UK-based digital self-support system for managing anxiety and social functioning. Aims To identify the impact of BIH on the psychological and social functioning of adults with autism. Method Adults with …
View article: The potential unintended consequences of Mental Health Act reforms in England and Wales on people with intellectual disability and/or autism
The potential unintended consequences of Mental Health Act reforms in England and Wales on people with intellectual disability and/or autism Open
Summary The draft Mental Health Bill, which amends the Mental Health Act 1983 for England and Wales, proposes protections for people with intellectual disability and/or autism (ID/A) to prevent detention in hospital in the absence of menta…
View article: Psychiatric inpatient admissions and discharges of people with intellectual disabilities: A time series analysis of English national data
Psychiatric inpatient admissions and discharges of people with intellectual disabilities: A time series analysis of English national data Open
Background We examined whether a series of variables were related to the number of psychiatric inpatients using publicly available data about English psychiatric bed utilisation and NHS workforce. Method Using linear regression, with auto‐…
View article: A systematic review of in-patient psychiatric care for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: effectiveness, patient safety and experience
A systematic review of in-patient psychiatric care for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: effectiveness, patient safety and experience Open
Background An increasing number of children, adolescents and adults with intellectual disabilities and/or autism are being admitted to general psychiatric wards and cared for by general psychiatrists. Aims The aim of this systematic review…
View article: Post-COVID syndrome and adults with intellectual disability: another vulnerable population forgotten?
Post-COVID syndrome and adults with intellectual disability: another vulnerable population forgotten? Open
An area of interest presently is the lingering symptoms after COVID-19, i.e. post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS). Specifics of diagnosis and management of PCS are emerging. However, vulnerable populations such as those with intellectual disabilit…
View article: The <scp>WPA</scp> Working Group on Intellectual Developmental Disorders: the need for a second paradigm shift
The <span>WPA</span> Working Group on Intellectual Developmental Disorders: the need for a second paradigm shift Open
The WPA Action Plan 2020-20231-3 coincides with a much-needed focus on the mental health needs of people with intellectual disabilities/intellectual developmental disorders (IDD). A Working Group on IDD has been formed and has met for the …
View article: Randomised controlled trials of mood stabilisers for people with autism spectrum disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis
Randomised controlled trials of mood stabilisers for people with autism spectrum disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis Open
Background Despite the widespread use of psychotropic medications in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), there is limited evidence to suggest that psychotropic medications including mood stabilisers are effective in individuals wit…
View article: An international field study of the ICD‐11 behavioural indicators for disorders of intellectual development
An international field study of the ICD‐11 behavioural indicators for disorders of intellectual development Open
Background The World Health Organization (WHO) has approved the 11th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD‐11). A version of the ICD‐11 for Mental, Behavioural and Neurodevelopmental Disorders for use in clinical se…
View article: An 8‐year study of admissions and discharges to a specialist intellectual disability inpatient unit
An 8‐year study of admissions and discharges to a specialist intellectual disability inpatient unit Open
Background In the United Kingdom, policy change has led to specialist intellectual disability inpatient bed reduction. Little evidence exists assessing the results for patients admitted to such units. This study evaluates the outcomes of a…
View article: How can psychiatrists make mental health services more accessible for people with autism?
How can psychiatrists make mental health services more accessible for people with autism? Open
Unrecognised psychiatric and medical conditions can lead poorer health outcomes, lower health-related quality of life and increased mortality in people with autism, compared with the general population. A reasonable adjustment required in …
View article: Randomised controlled trials of antidepressant and anti-anxiety medications for people with autism spectrum disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis
Randomised controlled trials of antidepressant and anti-anxiety medications for people with autism spectrum disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis Open
Background Although widely used, the current evidence for the efficacy of antidepressant and anti-anxiety medications for people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is limited and conflicting. Aims We carried out a systematic review and me…