Fred Kraus
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View article: Evolutionary origin and genetic diversification in a New Guinean frog genus (Mantophryne, Microhylidae) driven by ancient tectonic activity and climate reorganisation
Evolutionary origin and genetic diversification in a New Guinean frog genus (Mantophryne, Microhylidae) driven by ancient tectonic activity and climate reorganisation Open
View article: Island-hopping anurans: diversification dynamics in a widespread frog family
Island-hopping anurans: diversification dynamics in a widespread frog family Open
Examining diversification patterns associated with dispersal, vicariance, and local adaptation is critical in elucidating drivers of speciation. Frogs of the family Ceratobatrachidae are a widely distributed, largely insular, lineage occur…
View article: Molecular and acoustic evidence for large-scale underestimation of frog species diversity on New Guinea
Molecular and acoustic evidence for large-scale underestimation of frog species diversity on New Guinea Open
Species are fundamental units in biology; however, information on species diversity and distribution remain scarce for most taxonomic groups, especially in tropical rainforests. Such knowledge gaps are particularly acute in amphibians, the…
View article: A new insular species of <i>Gehyra</i> (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Papua New Guinea closely related to <i>Gehyra oceanica</i>
A new insular species of <i>Gehyra</i> (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Papua New Guinea closely related to <i>Gehyra oceanica</i> Open
The wide-ranging gecko Gehyra oceanica occupies numerous islands across much of the Pacific Ocean basin. Previous work has identified six divergent genetic lineages within lizards assigned to this species. During an expedition to …
View article: Lineage diversity in a Melanesian lizard radiation (Gekkonidae: Nactus) further highlights exceptional diversity and endemism in eastern Papua New Guinea
Lineage diversity in a Melanesian lizard radiation (Gekkonidae: Nactus) further highlights exceptional diversity and endemism in eastern Papua New Guinea Open
New Guinea and surrounding islands are home to some of the richest assemblages of insular biodiversity in the world. The key geological drivers of species richness in this region are largely considered to be mountain uplift and development…
View article: Diversity gradients of terrestrial vertebrates – substantial variations about a common theme
Diversity gradients of terrestrial vertebrates – substantial variations about a common theme Open
Environmental factors, such as temperature, precipitation, and elevation, explain most of the variation in species richness at the global scale. Nevertheless, richness patterns may have different drivers across taxa and regions. To date, a…
View article: Species delimitation and phylogenetic analyses of a New Guinean frog genus (Microhylidae: <i>Hylophorbus</i>) reveal many undescribed species and a complex diversification history driven by late Miocene events
Species delimitation and phylogenetic analyses of a New Guinean frog genus (Microhylidae: <i>Hylophorbus</i>) reveal many undescribed species and a complex diversification history driven by late Miocene events Open
New Guinea is the largest tropical island in the world and hosts immense endemic biodiversity. However, our understanding of how the gradual emergence of the terrestrial ecosystems of the island over the last 40 Myr has generated this biol…
View article: Author Correction: Ongoing declines for the world’s amphibians in the face of emerging threats
Author Correction: Ongoing declines for the world’s amphibians in the face of emerging threats Open
View article: Ongoing declines for the world’s amphibians in the face of emerging threats
Ongoing declines for the world’s amphibians in the face of emerging threats Open
View article: A new species of Ramphotyphlops Fitzinger, 1843 (Squamata: Typhlopidae) in the R. flaviventer Group from Woodlark Island, Papua New Guinea
A new species of Ramphotyphlops Fitzinger, 1843 (Squamata: Typhlopidae) in the R. flaviventer Group from Woodlark Island, Papua New Guinea Open
A new species of Ramphotyphlops Fitzinger, 1843 (Squamata: Typhlopidae) in the R. flaviventer Group from Woodlark Island, Papua New Guinea
View article: Two new species of monitor lizards (Squamata: <i>Varanus</i> ) endemic to the Louisiade and Tanimbar Archipelagos with a key to the subgenus <i>Euprepiosaurus</i>
Two new species of monitor lizards (Squamata: <i>Varanus</i> ) endemic to the Louisiade and Tanimbar Archipelagos with a key to the subgenus <i>Euprepiosaurus</i> Open
Weijola, Valter, Kraus, Fred (2023): Two new species of monitor lizards (Squamata: Varanus) endemic to the Louisiade and Tanimbar Archipelagos with a key to the subgenus Euprepiosaurus. Journal of Natural History 57 (13-16): 947-975, DOI: …
View article: Skinks of Oceania, New Guinea, and Eastern Wallacea: an underexplored biodiversity hotspot
Skinks of Oceania, New Guinea, and Eastern Wallacea: an underexplored biodiversity hotspot Open
Context Skinks comprise the dominant component of the terrestrial vertebrate fauna in Oceania, New Guinea, and Eastern Wallacea (ONGEW). However, knowledge of their diversity is incomplete, and their conservation needs are poorly understoo…
View article: Two new species of monitor lizards (Squamata: <i>Varanus</i>) endemic to the Louisiade and Tanimbar Archipelagos with a key to the subgenus <i>Euprepiosaurus</i>
Two new species of monitor lizards (Squamata: <i>Varanus</i>) endemic to the Louisiade and Tanimbar Archipelagos with a key to the subgenus <i>Euprepiosaurus</i> Open
We describe two new species of Varanus, one each endemic to the Louisiade and Tanimbar Archipelagos in Papua New Guinea and Indonesia, respectively. The new species belong to the subgenus Euprepiosaurus and, therein, to the w…
View article: A new species of Lepidodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Umboi Island, Papua New Guinea
A new species of Lepidodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Umboi Island, Papua New Guinea Open
This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Kraus, Fred, Vahtera, Varpu, Weijola, Valter (2023): A new species of Lepidodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Umboi Island, Papua New Guinea. …
View article: Redescription of Lepidodactylus flaviocularis (Squamata: Gekkonidae), with the description of a new species from Makira Island, Solomon Islands
Redescription of Lepidodactylus flaviocularis (Squamata: Gekkonidae), with the description of a new species from Makira Island, Solomon Islands Open
This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Kraus, Fred (2023): Redescription of Lepidodactylus flaviocularis (Squamata: Gekkonidae), with the description of a new species from Makira Islan…
View article: Hidden diversity in semi-fossorial Melanesian forest snakes: A revision of the Toxicocalamus loriae complex (Squamata, Elapidae) from New Guinea
Hidden diversity in semi-fossorial Melanesian forest snakes: A revision of the Toxicocalamus loriae complex (Squamata, Elapidae) from New Guinea Open
With its conservative set of scalation characters, Toxicocalamus loriae is a morphologically confusing species to which a wide array of phenotypes has been assigned. Careful analysis of 224 museum specimens reveals that multiple distinct s…
View article: Melanesia holds the world’s most diverse and intact insular amphibian fauna
Melanesia holds the world’s most diverse and intact insular amphibian fauna Open
View article: A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates
A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates Open
Aim Viviparity has evolved more times in squamates than in any other vertebrate group; therefore, squamates offer an excellent model system in which to study the patterns, drivers and implications of reproductive mode evolution. Based on c…
View article: Cryptic extinction risk in a western Pacific lizard radiation
Cryptic extinction risk in a western Pacific lizard radiation Open
View article: Multilocus phylogeny, natural history traits and classification of natricine snakes (Serpentes: Natricinae)
Multilocus phylogeny, natural history traits and classification of natricine snakes (Serpentes: Natricinae) Open
Natricine snakes are geographically widespread, species rich (with ~250 extant species) and both morphologically and ecologically diverse. We present a multilocus DNA sequence phylogeny for 249 natricine specimens representing 189 named sp…
View article: Who’s your daddy? On the identity and distribution of the paternal hybrid ancestor of the parthenogenetic gecko Lepidodactylus lugubris (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae)
Who’s your daddy? On the identity and distribution of the paternal hybrid ancestor of the parthenogenetic gecko Lepidodactylus lugubris (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae) Open
The widespread parthenogenetic gecko Lepidodactylus lugubris is comprised of several clonal lineages, at least one of which has been known for some time to have originated from hybridization between its maternal ancestor, Lepidodactylus mo…
View article: Karstic Landscapes Are Foci of Species Diversity in the World’s Third-Largest Vertebrate Genus Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827 (Reptilia: Squamata; Gekkonidae)
Karstic Landscapes Are Foci of Species Diversity in the World’s Third-Largest Vertebrate Genus Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827 (Reptilia: Squamata; Gekkonidae) Open
Karstic landscapes are immense reservoirs of biodiversity and range-restricted endemism. Nowhere is this more evident than in the world’s third-largest vertebrate genus Cyrtodactylus (Gekkonidae) which contains well over 300 species. A sto…
View article: Conservation status of the world's skinks (Scincidae): Taxonomic and geographic patterns in extinction risk
Conservation status of the world's skinks (Scincidae): Taxonomic and geographic patterns in extinction risk Open
View article: Phylogenetic partitioning of the third-largest vertebrate genus in the world, Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827 (Reptilia; Squamata; Gekkonidae) and its relevance to taxonomy and conservation
Phylogenetic partitioning of the third-largest vertebrate genus in the world, Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827 (Reptilia; Squamata; Gekkonidae) and its relevance to taxonomy and conservation Open
The gekkonid genus Cyrtodactylus is the third most speciose vertebrate genus in the world, containing well over 300 species that collectively range from South Asia to Melanesia across some of the most diverse landscapes and imperiled habit…
View article: Phylogenetic partitioning of the third-largest vertebrate genus in the world, Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827 (Reptilia; Squamata; Gekkonidae) and its relevance to taxonomy and conservation
Phylogenetic partitioning of the third-largest vertebrate genus in the world, Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827 (Reptilia; Squamata; Gekkonidae) and its relevance to taxonomy and conservation Open
The gekkonid genus Cyrtodactylus is the third most speciose vertebrate genus in the world, containing well over 300 species that collectively range from South Asia to Melanesia across some of the most diverse landscapes and imperiled habit…
View article: Collapse of the endemic lizard<i>Podarcis pityusensis</i>on the island of Ibiza mediated by an invasive snake
Collapse of the endemic lizard<i>Podarcis pityusensis</i>on the island of Ibiza mediated by an invasive snake Open
The invasive snake Hemorrhois hippocrepis colonized the island of Ibiza (Balearic Islands) in 2003 as stowaways inside trunks of olive trees imported for gardening. It has quickly spread since 2010, posing a threat to the island’s only rem…
View article: The global diversity and distribution of lizard clutch sizes
The global diversity and distribution of lizard clutch sizes Open
Aim Clutch size is a key life‐history trait. In lizards, it ranges over two orders of magnitude. The global drivers of spatial and phylogenetic variation in clutch have been extensively studied in birds, but such tests in other organisms a…
View article: A new species of Lobulia (Squamata: Scincidae) from Papua New Guinea
A new species of Lobulia (Squamata: Scincidae) from Papua New Guinea Open
I describe a new skink of the genus Lobulia from Mt. Simpson in southeasternmost New Guinea. This species differs from all other members of the genus in having only three pairs of enlarged chin shields and only the first pair in medial con…
View article: Taxonomy of Micronesian monitors (Reptilia: Squamata: <i>Varanus</i> ): endemic status of new species argues for caution in pursuing eradication plans
Taxonomy of Micronesian monitors (Reptilia: Squamata: <i>Varanus</i> ): endemic status of new species argues for caution in pursuing eradication plans Open
In the light of recent phylogenetic studies, we re-assess the taxonomy and biogeography of the Varanus populations distributed in the Micronesian islands of Palau, the Western Carolines and the Marianas. Whether these populations are of na…
View article: A new species of small Lepidodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Salawati Island, Indonesia
A new species of small Lepidodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Salawati Island, Indonesia Open
We describe a new species of gecko in the Lepidodactylus novaeguineae Group from Salawati Island, West Papua Province, Indonesia. The new species can be distinguished from all congeners by a unique combination of aspects of body size, shap…