Amy E. Baxter
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View article: Divergent ontogeny of Tissue Resident Memory and Tissue Resident Exhausted CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells underlies distinct functional potential
Divergent ontogeny of Tissue Resident Memory and Tissue Resident Exhausted CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells underlies distinct functional potential Open
Persistent antigen stimulation promotes differentiation of exhausted CD8 + T (T EX ) cells. T EX cells are distinct from circulating memory T (T CIRCM ) cells but share many features with tissue-resident memory (T RM ) cells established fo…
View article: Deciphering the role of histone modifications in memory and exhausted CD8 T cells
Deciphering the role of histone modifications in memory and exhausted CD8 T cells Open
Exhausted CD8 T cells (T EX ) arising during chronic infections and cancer have reduced functional capacity and limited fate flexibility that prevents optimal disease control and response to immunotherapies. Compared to memory (T MEM ) cel…
View article: TET2 regulates early and late transitions in exhausted CD8 <sup>+</sup> T cell differentiation and limits CAR T cell function
TET2 regulates early and late transitions in exhausted CD8 <sup>+</sup> T cell differentiation and limits CAR T cell function Open
CD8 + T cell exhaustion hampers control of cancer and chronic infections and limits chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell efficacy. Targeting TET2 in CAR T cells provides therapeutic benefit; however, TET2’s role in exhausted T cell (T EX…
View article: TET2 regulates early and late transitions in exhausted CD8<sup>+</sup>T-cell differentiation and limits CAR T-cell function
TET2 regulates early and late transitions in exhausted CD8<sup>+</sup>T-cell differentiation and limits CAR T-cell function Open
CD8 + T-cell exhaustion hampers disease control in cancer and chronic infections and limits efficacy of T-cell−based therapies, such as CAR T-cells. Epigenetic reprogramming of CAR T-cells by targeting TET2, a methylcytosine dioxygenase th…
View article: A longitudinal single-cell and spatial multiomic atlas of pediatric high-grade glioma
A longitudinal single-cell and spatial multiomic atlas of pediatric high-grade glioma Open
Summary Pediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG) is an incurable central nervous system malignancy that is a leading cause of pediatric cancer death. While pHGG shares many similarities to adult glioma, it is increasingly recognized as a molecul…
View article: 222-J Longitudinal spatial profiling of pediatric high-grade glioma reveals a heterogeneous and dynamic immune microenvironment with therapeutic implications
222-J Longitudinal spatial profiling of pediatric high-grade glioma reveals a heterogeneous and dynamic immune microenvironment with therapeutic implications Open
Background The cGAS-STING pathway, which is crucial in antitumor immunotherapy, has been a research focus in developing STING agonists for cancer immunotherapy. However, the use of these agonists in clinical applications has been hindered …
View article: 1016 Enforcement of exhausted T cell epigenetic fate by HMG-box transcription factor TOX
1016 Enforcement of exhausted T cell epigenetic fate by HMG-box transcription factor TOX Open
Background T cell exhaustion is one of the major barriers limiting efficacious anti-tumor therapy. Exhausted CD8 T cells (TEX) develop following persistent antigen stimulation and are characterized by a unique epigenetic state, expression …
View article: The pseudokinase Trib1 regulates the transition of exhausted T cells to a KLR+ CD8+ effector state, and its deletion improves checkpoint blockade
The pseudokinase Trib1 regulates the transition of exhausted T cells to a KLR+ CD8+ effector state, and its deletion improves checkpoint blockade Open
CD8+ T cell exhaustion (TEX) impairs the ability of T cells to clear chronic infection or cancer. While TEX are hypofunctional, some TEX retain effector gene signatures, a feature associated with killer lectin-like receptor (KLR) expressio…
View article: <i>In Vitro</i>Modeling of CD8 T Cell Exhaustion Enables CRISPR Screening to Reveal a Role for BHLHE40
<i>In Vitro</i>Modeling of CD8 T Cell Exhaustion Enables CRISPR Screening to Reveal a Role for BHLHE40 Open
Identifying novel molecular mechanisms of exhausted CD8 T cells (T ex ) is a key goal of improving immunotherapy of cancer and other diseases. However, high-throughput interrogation of in vivo T ex can be costly and inefficient. In vitro m…
View article: The pseudokinase Trib1 regulates the transition of exhausted T cells to a KLR<sup>+</sup>CD8<sup>+</sup>effector state and its deletion improves checkpoint blockade
The pseudokinase Trib1 regulates the transition of exhausted T cells to a KLR<sup>+</sup>CD8<sup>+</sup>effector state and its deletion improves checkpoint blockade Open
T cell exhaustion (T EX ) impairs the ability of T cells to clear chronic infection or cancer. While exhausted T cells are hypofunctional, some exhausted T cells retain effector gene signatures, a feature that is associated with expression…
View article: Prior vaccination enhances immune responses during SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection with early activation of memory T cells followed by production of potent neutralizing antibodies
Prior vaccination enhances immune responses during SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection with early activation of memory T cells followed by production of potent neutralizing antibodies Open
SARS-CoV-2 infection of vaccinated individuals is increasingly common but rarely results in severe disease, likely due to the enhanced potency and accelerated kinetics of memory immune responses. However, there have been few opportunities …
View article: Correction for Merenstein et al., “Signatures of COVID-19 Severity and Immune Response in the Respiratory Tract Microbiome”
Correction for Merenstein et al., “Signatures of COVID-19 Severity and Immune Response in the Respiratory Tract Microbiome” Open
Volume 12, no. 4, e01777-21. https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01777-21. In Table S5 in the supplemental material, two primer sequences were listed incorrectly. The actual sequence of TTV_3656_Fwd is AGACTCCGAGDTGCYMTTGG, and the actual sequenc…
View article: Longitudinal single cell transcriptional and epigenetic mapping of effector, memory, and exhausted CD8 T cells reveals shared biological circuits across distinct cell fates
Longitudinal single cell transcriptional and epigenetic mapping of effector, memory, and exhausted CD8 T cells reveals shared biological circuits across distinct cell fates Open
Naïve CD8 T cells can differentiate into effector (T EFF ), memory (T MEM ), or exhausted (T EX ) CD8 T cells. These developmental pathways are associated with distinct transcriptional and epigenetic changes that endow cells with different…
View article: Signaling Through FcγRIIA and the C5a-C5aR Pathway Mediate Platelet Hyperactivation in COVID-19
Signaling Through FcγRIIA and the C5a-C5aR Pathway Mediate Platelet Hyperactivation in COVID-19 Open
Patients with COVID-19 present with a wide variety of clinical manifestations. Thromboembolic events constitute a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Severe COVID-19 has been associated with h…
View article: Efficient recall of Omicron-reactive B cell memory after a third dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine
Efficient recall of Omicron-reactive B cell memory after a third dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine Open
Despite a clear role in protective immunity, the durability and quality of antibody and memory B cell responses induced by mRNA vaccination, particularly by a 3 rd dose of vaccine, remains unclear. Here, we examined antibody and memory B c…
View article: Cytomegalovirus Latent Infection is Associated with an Increased Risk of COVID-19-Related Hospitalization
Cytomegalovirus Latent Infection is Associated with an Increased Risk of COVID-19-Related Hospitalization Open
Some risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been identified, including age, race, and obesity. However, 20%–50% of severe cases occur in the absence of these factors. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a herpesvirus that in…
View article: Proteomic profiling of MIS-C patients indicates heterogeneity relating to interferon gamma dysregulation and vascular endothelial dysfunction
Proteomic profiling of MIS-C patients indicates heterogeneity relating to interferon gamma dysregulation and vascular endothelial dysfunction Open
Multi-system Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is a major complication of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in pediatric patients. Weeks after an often mild or asymptomatic initial infection wit…
View article: mRNA vaccines induce durable immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern
mRNA vaccines induce durable immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern Open
Immune memory after vaccination Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has proven highly effective at preventing severe COVID-19. However, the evolution of viral variants, and waning antibody level…
View article: Immune checkpoint expression on HIV-specific CD4+ T cells and response to their blockade are dependent on lineage and function
Immune checkpoint expression on HIV-specific CD4+ T cells and response to their blockade are dependent on lineage and function Open
Background Antigen-specific T cell impairment is observed in chronic infections. CD4+ T cells are diverse in phenotype and function; how their different lineages are impacted by inhibitory immune checkpoints (IC) is unknown. Methods We exa…
View article: mRNA Vaccination Induces Durable Immune Memory to SARS-CoV-2 with Continued Evolution to Variants of Concern
mRNA Vaccination Induces Durable Immune Memory to SARS-CoV-2 with Continued Evolution to Variants of Concern Open
SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines have shown remarkable efficacy, especially in preventing severe illness and hospitalization. However, the emergence of several variants of concern and reports of declining antibody levels have raised uncertainty ab…
View article: Signatures of COVID-19 Severity and Immune Response in the Respiratory Tract Microbiome
Signatures of COVID-19 Severity and Immune Response in the Respiratory Tract Microbiome Open
COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection of the respiratory tract, results in highly variable outcomes ranging from minimal illness to death, but the reasons for this are not well understoo…