Andrea Baraldi
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A holistic approach for multi-spectral Sentinel-2 super-resolution and spectral evaluation Open
Images provided by the European Copernicus Sentinel-2 satellites are valuable and easily accessible sources of remote sensing data for tasks across various fields. These data have a high spectral and temporal resolution, but a rather low s…
Estimating the temporal heterogeneity of mowing events on grassland for haymilk-production using Sentinel-2 and greenness-index Open
The temporal and spatial heterogeneity of mowing on intensively used grasslands can be an important factor influencing the survival of insects or small animals after harvest. High heterogeneity contributes to the preservation of biodiversi…
Innovative Analysis Ready Data (ARD) product and process requirements, software system design, algorithms and implementation at the midstream as <i>necessary-but-not-sufficient</i> precondition of the downstream in a new notion of Space Economy 4.0 - Part 1: Problem background in Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) Open
Aiming at the convergence between Earth observation (EO) Big Data and Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), this two-part paper identifies an innovative, but realistic EO optical sensory image-derived semantics-enriched Analysis Ready Dat…
Innovative Analysis Ready Data (ARD) product and process requirements, software system design, algorithms and implementation at the midstream as <i>necessary-but-not-sufficient</i> precondition of the downstream in a new notion of Space Economy 4.0 - Part 2: Software developments Open
Aiming at the convergence between Earth observation (EO) Big Data and Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), this paper consists of two parts. In the previous Part 1, existing EO optical sensory image-derived Level 2/Analysis Ready Data (A…
The Austrian Semantic EO Data Cube Infrastructure Open
Big optical Earth observation (EO) data analytics usually start from numerical, sub-symbolic reflectance values that lack inherent semantic information (meaning) and require interpretation. However, interpretation is an ill-posed problem t…
The Sen2Cube.at national semantic Earth observation data cube for Austria  Open
The Sen2Cube.at is a Sentinel-2semanticEarth observation (EO)data and information cube that combines an EO data cube with an AI-based inference engine by integratingacomputer-visionapproach toinfer newinformation.Our approach uses semantic…
SemantiX: a cross-sensor semantic EO data cube to open and leverage AVHRR time-series and essential climate variables with scientists and the public  Open
Long time series of essential climate variables (ECVs) derived from satellite data are key to climate research. SemantiX is a research project to establish, complement and expand Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) time series…
One GUI to Rule Them All: Accessing Multiple Semantic EO Data Cubes in One Graphical User Interface Open
Spatio-temporal analysis capabilities of big Earth observation (EO) data are possible now on various infrastructures, but the transferability and interoperability of analyses remain challenging. This contribution describes an approach for …
Investigating ESA Sentinel-2 products' systematic cloud cover overestimation in very high altitude areas Open
Cloud detection in optical remote sensing imagery is crucial because undetected clouds can produce misleading results in analyses. Almost all optical remote sensing data access portals rely to some degree on a cloud cover filter. Here we s…
"Bare soil" detection addressing agricultural production optimization throughout the year: case study in Emilia Romagna using Sentinel-2 images. Open
Changes in soil practices and management policies are fundamental in order to satisfy future growing food and energy demand, limiting risks of soil depletion. To this purpose remote sensed data are proving crucial for precision farming and…
GEOBIA Achievements and Spatial Opportunities in the Era of Big Earth Observation Data Open
The primary goal of collecting Earth observation (EO) imagery is to map, analyze, and contribute to an understanding of the status and dynamics of geographic phenomena. In geographic information science (GIScience), the term object-based i…
Semantic Earth Observation Data Cubes Open
There is an increasing amount of free and open Earth observation (EO) data, yet more information is not necessarily being generated from them at the same rate despite high information potential. The main challenge in the big EO analysis do…
Big Earth data: disruptive changes in Earth observation data management and analysis? Open
Turning Earth observation (EO) data consistently and systematically into valuable global information layers is an ongoing challenge for the EO community. Recently, the term 'big Earth data' emerged to describe massive EO datasets that conf…
AutoCloud+, a “Universal” Physical and Statistical Model-Based 2D Spatial Topology-Preserving Software for Cloud/Cloud–Shadow Detection in Multi-Sensor Single-Date Earth Observation Multi-Spectral Imagery—Part 1: Systematic ESA EO Level 2 Product Generation at the Ground Segment as Broad Context Open
The European Space Agency (ESA) defines Earth observation (EO) Level 2 information product the stack of: (i) a single-date multi-spectral (MS) image, radiometrically corrected for atmospheric, adjacency and topographic effects, with (ii) i…
AutoCloud+, a “Universal” Physical and Statistical Model-Based 2D Spatial Topology-Preserving Software Toolbox for Cloud/Cloud-Shadow Detection in Multi-Sensor Single-Date Earth Observation Multi-Spectral Imagery Eligible for Systematic ESA EO Level 2 Product Generation Open
The European Space Agency (ESA) defines as Earth observation (EO) Level 2 information product a single-date multi-spectral (MS) image corrected for atmospheric, adjacency and topographic effects, stacked with its data-derived scene classif…
AutoCloud+, a “Universal” Physical and Statistical Model-Based 2D Spatial Topology-Preserving Software Toolbox for Cloud/Cloud-Shadow Detection in Multi-Sensor Single-Date Earth Observation Multi-Spectral Imagery Eligible for Systematic ESA EO Level 2 Product Generation Open
The European Space Agency (ESA) defines as Earth observation (EO) Level 2 information product a single-date multi-spectral (MS) image corrected for atmospheric, adjacency and topographic effects, stacked with its data-derived scene classif…
Earth observation big data analytics in operating mode for GIScience applications. The (GE)OBIA acronym(s) reconsidered Open
In 2006, to bridge the gap between geographic information systems and remote sensing (RS), terms object-based image analysis (OBIA) and geographic OBIA (GEOBIA) were introduced by geographic information science (GIScience) as viable altern…
Abstract Data Types for Spatio-Temporal Remote Sensing Analysis (Short Paper) Open
data types are a helpful framework to formalise analyses and make them more transparent, reproducible and comprehensible. We are revisiting an approach based on the space, time and theme dimensions of remotely sensed data, and extending it…
GEO-CEOS stage 4 validation of the Satellite Image Automatic Mapper lightweight computer program for ESA Earth observation level 2 product generation – Part 2: Validation Open
ESA defines as Earth Observation (EO) Level 2 information product a multi-spectral (MS) image corrected for atmospheric, adjacency, and topographic effects, stacked with its data-derived scene classification map (SCM), whose legend include…
A Semantic Earth Observation Data Cube for Monitoring Environmental Changes during the Syrian Conflict Open
Freely and openly available, remotely-sensed Earth observation (EO) data are rapidly developing in terms of increased geo-spatial resolution and temporal frequency. This type of data requires automated workflows for handling, processing an…
GEO-CEOS stage 4 validation of the Satellite Image Automatic Mapper lightweight computer program for ESA Earth observation level 2 product generation - Part 1: Theory Open
ESA defines as Earth Observation (EO) Level 2 information product a single-date multi-spectral (MS) image corrected for atmospheric, adjacency and topographic effects, stacked with its data-derived scene classification map (SCM), whose leg…
Semantic and syntactic interoperability in online processing of big Earth observation data Open
The challenge of enabling syntactic and semantic interoperability for comprehensive and reproducible online processing of big Earth observation (EO) data is still unsolved. Supporting both types of interoperability is one of the requiremen…
Automatic Spatial Context-Sensitive Cloud/Cloud-Shadow Detection in Multi-Source Multi-Spectral Earth Observation Images: AutoCloud+ Open
The proposed Earth observation (EO) based value adding system (EO VAS), hereafter identified as AutoCloud+, consists of an innovative EO image understanding system (EO IUS) design and implementation capable of automatic spatial context sen…
Multi-Objective Software Suite of Two-Dimensional Shape Descriptors for Object-Based Image Analysis Open
In recent years two sets of planar (2D) shape attributes, provided with an intuitive physical meaning, were proposed to the remote sensing community by, respectively, Nagao & Matsuyama and Shackelford & Davis in their seminal works on the …
Stage 4 validation of the Satellite Image Automatic Mapper lightweight computer program for Earth observation Level 2 product generation, Part 2 Validation Open
The European Space Agency (ESA) defines an Earth Observation (EO) Level 2 product as a multispectral (MS) image corrected for geometric, atmospheric, adjacency and topographic effects, stacked with its scene classification map (SCM) whose …
Stage 4 validation of the Satellite Image Automatic Mapper lightweight computer program for Earth observation Level 2 product generation, Part 1 Theory Open
The European Space Agency (ESA) defines an Earth Observation (EO) Level 2 product as a multispectral (MS) image corrected for geometric, atmospheric, adjacency and topographic effects, stacked with its scene classification map (SCM), whose…
Automated Linear-Time Detection and Quality Assessment of Superpixels in Uncalibrated True- or False-Color RGB Images Open
Capable of automated near real time superpixel detection and quality assessment in an uncalibrated monitor typical red green blue (RGB) image, depicted in either true or false colors, an original low level computer vision (CV) lightweight …
Multi-spectral Image Panchromatic Sharpening, Outcome and Process Quality Assessment Protocol Open
Multispectral (MS) image panchromatic (PAN) sharpening algorithms proposed to the remote sensing community are ever increasing in number and variety. Their aim is to sharpen a coarse spatial resolution MS image with a fine spatial resoluti…
Pre-processing, classification and semantic querying of large-scale Earth observation spaceborne/airborne/terrestrial image databases: Process and product innovations. Open
By definition of Wikipedia, “big data is the term adopted for a collection of data sets so large and complex that it becomes difficult to process using on-hand database management tools or traditional data processing applications. The big …