Andrew J. K. Conlan
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View article: Residency time and other risk factors for large bovine tuberculosis breakdowns in Irish cattle herds
Residency time and other risk factors for large bovine tuberculosis breakdowns in Irish cattle herds Open
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) poses challenges to sustainable livestock production, and to animal and human health globally. Its prevalence increased in Irish cattle herds between 2016 and 2023. Over the same period, bTB breakdowns (periods of…
View article: Diagnostic tests performed and prescribed prednisolone dose for a dog with immune-mediated polyarthritis vary across veterinary specialties
Diagnostic tests performed and prescribed prednisolone dose for a dog with immune-mediated polyarthritis vary across veterinary specialties Open
Objective To compare the investigation, management, and outcome, including medication adverse effects, of nonassociative immune-mediated polyarthritis cases when referred to different specialist disciplines. Methods A retrospective observa…
View article: Simulating interferon-γ assay testing patterns in Irish bovine tuberculosis breakdowns
Simulating interferon-γ assay testing patterns in Irish bovine tuberculosis breakdowns Open
Since 2015, national policy has evolved to substantially increase the use of the interferon-γ assay to diagnose bovine tuberculosis in Irish cattle. To help evaluate the effectiveness of this strategy, we developed and validated a predicti…
View article: Facilitators and Barriers to Community-Based Livestock Abortion Reporting for Rift Valley Fever Surveillance in Uganda: A COM-B Analysis
Facilitators and Barriers to Community-Based Livestock Abortion Reporting for Rift Valley Fever Surveillance in Uganda: A COM-B Analysis Open
Rift Valley fever disease (RVF), a priority zoonosis under the African Union Zoonotic Disease Control Plan (2025-2029), inflicts substantial economic losses via livestock abortion storms. Despite its profound impact, abortion reporting rem…
View article: Comparative performance and age dependence of tuberculin and defined antigen bovine tuberculosis skin tests assessed with Bayesian latent class analysis
Comparative performance and age dependence of tuberculin and defined antigen bovine tuberculosis skin tests assessed with Bayesian latent class analysis Open
Tuberculin skin tests (TST), the primary diagnostic tool for bovine tuberculosis (bTB), cross-react with BCG vaccine. Recently developed defined antigen skin tests (DSTs) aim to differentiate infected amongst vaccinated animals. We evaluat…
View article: Competition between transmission lineages mediated by human mobility shapes seasonal influenza epidemics in the US
Competition between transmission lineages mediated by human mobility shapes seasonal influenza epidemics in the US Open
View article: Comparative performance and age dependence of tuberculin and defined antigen bovine tuberculosis skin tests assessed with Bayesian latent class analysis
Comparative performance and age dependence of tuberculin and defined antigen bovine tuberculosis skin tests assessed with Bayesian latent class analysis Open
Tuberculin skin tests (TST), the primary diagnostic tool for bovine tuberculosis (bTB), cross-react with BCG vaccine. Recently developed defined antigen skin tests (DSTs) aim to differentiate infected amongst vaccinated animals. We evaluat…
View article: Early calf segregation enables development of bovine tuberculosis-free replacement stock in a highly infected dairy herd: a preliminary study in Ethiopia
Early calf segregation enables development of bovine tuberculosis-free replacement stock in a highly infected dairy herd: a preliminary study in Ethiopia Open
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) severely impacts Ethiopia’s growing dairy sector, where test-and-cull control methods are economically unfeasible, and test-and-segregation is impractical in herds with very high prevalence. We assessed the feasib…
View article: Comparative performance of tuberculin and defined-antigen cocktails for detecting bovine tuberculosis in BCG-vaccinated cattle in natural settings
Comparative performance of tuberculin and defined-antigen cocktails for detecting bovine tuberculosis in BCG-vaccinated cattle in natural settings Open
View article: Burden of Bovine Tuberculosis on Animal Health, Welfare and Production: A Systematic Review
Burden of Bovine Tuberculosis on Animal Health, Welfare and Production: A Systematic Review Open
Developing evidence‐based approaches to combat infectious diseases is essential in resource‐limited settings to enable prioritisation of interventions where they are most effective in reducing the burden of disease. Bovine tuberculosis (bT…
View article: Bovine tuberculosis in Central Ethiopian slaughterhouses and the identification of causative mycobacteria by multiplex real-time PCR
Bovine tuberculosis in Central Ethiopian slaughterhouses and the identification of causative mycobacteria by multiplex real-time PCR Open
This study revealed an eleven-fold greater risk of bTB-related lesions in crossbred cattle compared to local zebu cattle. This finding highlights the necessity for targeted interventions, continuous vigilance, and thorough carcass inspecti…
View article: Commuting-driven competition between transmission chains shapes seasonal influenza virus epidemics in the United States
Commuting-driven competition between transmission chains shapes seasonal influenza virus epidemics in the United States Open
Despite intensive study, much remains unknown about the dynamics of seasonal influenza virus epidemic establishment and spread in the United States (US) each season. By reconstructing transmission lineages from seasonal influenza virus gen…
View article: Comparative performance of tuberculin and defined-antigen cocktails for detecting bovine tuberculosis in BCG-vaccinated cattle in natural settings
Comparative performance of tuberculin and defined-antigen cocktails for detecting bovine tuberculosis in BCG-vaccinated cattle in natural settings Open
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a threat to cattle health and public safety. The current control programs are hampered by wildlife reservoirs and socioeconomic barriers. Vaccinating cattle with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) effectively reduc…
View article: Exploring community-based reporting of livestock abortions for Rift Valley Fever surveillance in Uganda: A pilot study
Exploring community-based reporting of livestock abortions for Rift Valley Fever surveillance in Uganda: A pilot study Open
Between March and June 2023, we carried out a pilot study to explore the feasibility of using self-reporting of livestock abortions as a method of syndromic surveillance for Rift Valley fever disease (RVF) in Isingiro District, Uganda. We …
View article: Bovine Tuberculosis in Central Ethiopian Slaughterhouses and Identification of Causative Mycobacteria by Multiplex Real-Time PCR
Bovine Tuberculosis in Central Ethiopian Slaughterhouses and Identification of Causative Mycobacteria by Multiplex Real-Time PCR Open
Background Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic disease primarily caused by Mycobacterium bovis that ultimately leads to the development of progressive granulomatous lesions. Although the disease is widespread, especially on intensive da…
View article: BCG vaccination reduces bovine tuberculosis transmission, improving prospects for elimination
BCG vaccination reduces bovine tuberculosis transmission, improving prospects for elimination Open
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a routinely used vaccine for protecting children against Mycobacterium tuberculosis that comprises attenuated Mycobacterium bovis . BCG can also be used to protect livestock against M. bovis ; however, its…
View article: Comparative analysis of tuberculin and defined antigen skin tests for detection of bovine tuberculosis in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in Haryana state, India
Comparative analysis of tuberculin and defined antigen skin tests for detection of bovine tuberculosis in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in Haryana state, India Open
View article: Temporal dynamics of the early immune response following Mycobacterium bovis infection of cattle
Temporal dynamics of the early immune response following Mycobacterium bovis infection of cattle Open
View article: Colonization and transmission of Staphylococcus aureus in schools: a citizen science project
Colonization and transmission of Staphylococcus aureus in schools: a citizen science project Open
Aggregation of children in schools has been established to be a key driver of transmission of infectious diseases. Mathematical models of transmission used to predict the impact of control measures, such as vaccination and testing, commonl…
View article: Comparative analysis of tuberculin and defined antigen skin tests for the detection of bovine tuberculosis in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
Comparative analysis of tuberculin and defined antigen skin tests for the detection of bovine tuberculosis in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) Open
Background: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic disease that results from infection with any member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and infected animals are typically diagnosed withtuberculin-based intradermal skin tests per W…
View article: Is bovine density and ownership associated with human tuberculosis in India?
Is bovine density and ownership associated with human tuberculosis in India? Open
Zoonotic tuberculosis in humans is caused by infection with bacteria of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex acquired from animals, most commonly cattle. India has the highest burden of human tuberculosis in the world and any zoonotic ri…
View article: Notes from the field: Descriptive Exploration of childhood tuberculosis frequency and risk factors of zoonotic bovine tuberculosis in Moroto district, Uganda
Notes from the field: Descriptive Exploration of childhood tuberculosis frequency and risk factors of zoonotic bovine tuberculosis in Moroto district, Uganda Open
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) in children below 15 years is a public health problem in Uganda. Pastoral communities in Moroto district have close association with cattle and have a high burden of TB. This study assessed the frequency of TB…
View article: Drivers and potential distribution of anthrax occurrence and incidence at national and sub-county levels across Kenya from 2006 to 2020 using INLA
Drivers and potential distribution of anthrax occurrence and incidence at national and sub-county levels across Kenya from 2006 to 2020 using INLA Open
View article: The potential distribution of Bacillus anthracis suitability across Uganda using INLA
The potential distribution of Bacillus anthracis suitability across Uganda using INLA Open
View article: Transmission history of SARS-CoV-2 in humans and white-tailed deer
Transmission history of SARS-CoV-2 in humans and white-tailed deer Open
View article: Productivity loss and cost of bovine tuberculosis for the dairy livestock sector in Ethiopia
Productivity loss and cost of bovine tuberculosis for the dairy livestock sector in Ethiopia Open
Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is endemic in Ethiopia. Although upgraded dairy cattle account for only 1% of the total cattle population, they are the backbone of the marketed milk production in the country. Supported by research data outputs f…
View article: Milk and meat consumption patterns and the potential risk of zoonotic disease transmission among urban and peri-urban dairy farmers in Ethiopia
Milk and meat consumption patterns and the potential risk of zoonotic disease transmission among urban and peri-urban dairy farmers in Ethiopia Open
View article: Multiple spillovers from humans and onward transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in white-tailed deer
Multiple spillovers from humans and onward transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in white-tailed deer Open
Significance The results provide strong evidence of extensive SARS-CoV-2 infection of white-tailed deer, a free-living wild animal species with widespread distribution across North, Central, and South America. The analysis shows infection …
View article: Inferring Mycobacterium bovis transmission between cattle and badgers using isolates from the Randomised Badger Culling Trial
Inferring Mycobacterium bovis transmission between cattle and badgers using isolates from the Randomised Badger Culling Trial Open
Mycobacterium bovis ( M . bovis) is a causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, a significant source of morbidity and mortality in the global cattle industry. The Randomised Badger Culling Trial was a field experiment carried out between 199…
View article: Evaluation of the Efficacy of BCG in Protecting Against Contact Challenge With Bovine Tuberculosis in Holstein-Friesian and Zebu Crossbred Calves in Ethiopia
Evaluation of the Efficacy of BCG in Protecting Against Contact Challenge With Bovine Tuberculosis in Holstein-Friesian and Zebu Crossbred Calves in Ethiopia Open
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is prevalent in intensive dairy farms in Ethiopia. Vaccination could be an alternative control approach given the socio-economic challenges of a test-and-slaughter control strategy. The efficacy of the BCG was eva…