Arun Venkatesan
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View article: International evaluation of the SEIZUre Risk in Encephalitis (SEIZURE) score for predicting acute seizure risk
International evaluation of the SEIZUre Risk in Encephalitis (SEIZURE) score for predicting acute seizure risk Open
Objective Encephalitis is brain parenchyma inflammation, frequently resulting in seizures which worsens outcomes. Early anti-seizure medication could improve outcomes but requires identifying patients at greatest risk of acute seizures. Th…
View article: Development of a Human iPSC-Derived “Corticospinal Tract-on-a-Chip” for Neurodegenerative Disease Research
Development of a Human iPSC-Derived “Corticospinal Tract-on-a-Chip” for Neurodegenerative Disease Research Open
Degeneration of the corticospinal tract is a central feature in a number of neurodegenerative disorders and leads to significant disability. However, modeling corticospinal neuron (CSN) pathology and corticospinal connectivity in neurologi…
View article: NVIDIA Nemotron Nano 2: An Accurate and Efficient Hybrid Mamba-Transformer Reasoning Model
NVIDIA Nemotron Nano 2: An Accurate and Efficient Hybrid Mamba-Transformer Reasoning Model Open
We introduce Nemotron-Nano-9B-v2, a hybrid Mamba-Transformer language model designed to increase throughput for reasoning workloads while achieving state-of-the-art accuracy compared to similarly-sized models. Nemotron-Nano-9B-v2 builds on…
View article: Perspectives in Brain Abscess Diagnosis and Management: A National Survey of Infectious Disease Specialists
Perspectives in Brain Abscess Diagnosis and Management: A National Survey of Infectious Disease Specialists Open
Background Variability in causative agents, host factors, and management complexity and the lack of clear guidelines in the United States hinder the standardization of brain abscess (BA) care. This survey examines US infectious disease (ID…
View article: Encephalitis in Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent Patients: A Comparative Study
Encephalitis in Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent Patients: A Comparative Study Open
Background Encephalitis is characterized by brain parenchymal inflammation caused by infection or autoimmunity. There are limited recent data on how immunocompromised patients with encephalitis differ from the general encephalitis populati…
View article: Llama-Nemotron: Efficient Reasoning Models
Llama-Nemotron: Efficient Reasoning Models Open
We introduce the Llama-Nemotron series of models, an open family of heterogeneous reasoning models that deliver exceptional reasoning capabilities, inference efficiency, and an open license for enterprise use. The family comes in three siz…
View article: P-915. Categorization and Temporal Dynamics of Mortality in All-Cause Encephalitis
P-915. Categorization and Temporal Dynamics of Mortality in All-Cause Encephalitis Open
Background Encephalitis in adults is associated with inpatient mortality in approximately 10% of patients but the cause and timing of death are unknown. Variables associated with inpatient mortality in 641 adults with encephalitis. 1p-valu…
View article: P-913. Etiologies, Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic impact of Increased Intracranial Pressure in Adults with Encephalitis
P-913. Etiologies, Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic impact of Increased Intracranial Pressure in Adults with Encephalitis Open
Background Encephalitis involves symptoms like reduced consciousness and seizures, diagnosed via lumbar puncture and brain imaging. Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and its effect is well described in meningitis/ventriculitis and serv…
View article: Psychiatric manifestations of encephalitis
Psychiatric manifestations of encephalitis Open
Objective Encephalitis is a serious and potentially life‐threatening condition of infectious or autoimmune cause. We aim to characterize the frequency and clinical spectrum of presenting psychiatric symptoms in encephalitis in order to inf…
View article: Early brain changes in Lyme disease are associated with clinical outcomes
Early brain changes in Lyme disease are associated with clinical outcomes Open
In Lyme disease (LD), 10-20% of patients develop persistent symptoms following antibiotic treatment (i.e., post-treatment Lyme disease (PTLD)), which often includes neurological symptoms. This study tested the hypothesis that brain changes…
View article: Abstract 055: Intravenous Thrombolysis Before Endovascular Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke due to Tandem Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Abstract 055: Intravenous Thrombolysis Before Endovascular Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke due to Tandem Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis Open
View article: Absence of Cerebrospinal Fluid Pleocytosis in Encephalitis
Absence of Cerebrospinal Fluid Pleocytosis in Encephalitis Open
Background Early diagnosis of encephalitis involves identifying signs of neuroinflammation, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis. However, an absence of CSF pleocytosis in encephalitis has been described, most notably in autoimm…
View article: Quantitative brain <scp><sup>18</sup>F‐FDG PET</scp>/<scp>CT</scp> analysis in seronegative autoimmune encephalitis
Quantitative brain <span><sup>18</sup>F‐FDG PET</span>/<span>CT</span> analysis in seronegative autoimmune encephalitis Open
Objective Brain 18 F‐FDG PET/CT is a useful diagnostic in evaluating patients with suspected autoimmune encephalitis (AE). Specific patterns of brain dysmetabolism have been reported in anti‐NMDAR and anti‐LGI1 AE, and the degree of dysmet…
View article: STEM CELL SOLUTION TO GAD65 ANTIBODIES INDUCED HURRICANE OF TYPE 1 DIABETES AND NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
STEM CELL SOLUTION TO GAD65 ANTIBODIES INDUCED HURRICANE OF TYPE 1 DIABETES AND NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS Open
The encounter of disorders associated with antibodies to neuronal enzymes caused a paradigm shift in understanding the CNS autoimmunity.The autoimmune disorders targeting the 65kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) not only co…
View article: State of the Art: Acute Encephalitis
State of the Art: Acute Encephalitis Open
Encephalitis is a devastating neurologic disease often complicated by prolonged neurologic deficits. Best practices for the management of adult patients include universal testing for a core group of etiologies, including herpes simplex vir…
View article: Comparison of quantitative FDG-PET and MRI in anti-LGI1 autoimmune encephalitis
Comparison of quantitative FDG-PET and MRI in anti-LGI1 autoimmune encephalitis Open
Objectives Anti-leucine glioma-inactivated protein 1 (anti-LGI1) autoimmune encephalitis (AE) presents as subacute memory loss, behavioral changes, and seizures. Diagnosis and treatment delays can result in long term sequelae, including co…
View article: Enhanced axonal regeneration of ALS patient iPSC-derived motor neurons harboring SOD1A4V mutation
Enhanced axonal regeneration of ALS patient iPSC-derived motor neurons harboring SOD1A4V mutation Open
View article: Perspectives on Diagnosis and Management of All-Cause Encephalitis: A National Survey of Adult Infectious Diseases Physicians
Perspectives on Diagnosis and Management of All-Cause Encephalitis: A National Survey of Adult Infectious Diseases Physicians Open
Background Encephalitis is widely recognized as a challenging condition to diagnose and manage. The care of patients with encephalitis typically involves multiple disciplines, including neurologists and infectious disease (ID) physicians. …
View article: EEG Correlates of Qualitative Hypermetabolic FDG-PET in Patients With Neurologic Disorders
EEG Correlates of Qualitative Hypermetabolic FDG-PET in Patients With Neurologic Disorders Open
Adults admitted with acute neurologic symptoms who had hypermetabolic FDG-PET were more likely to show electrographic seizures and LPDs, but not other rhythmic or periodic EEG patterns, compared with those with hypometabolic FDG-PET. Subje…
View article: Downregulation of <scp>SF3B2</scp> protects <scp>CNS</scp> neurons in models of multiple sclerosis
Downregulation of <span>SF3B2</span> protects <span>CNS</span> neurons in models of multiple sclerosis Open
Objective Neurodegeneration induced by inflammatory stress in multiple sclerosis (MS) leads to long‐term neurological disabilities that are not amenable to current immunomodulatory therapies. Methods and Results Here, we report that neuron…
View article: A multimodal neuroimaging study of brain abnormalities and clinical correlates in post treatment Lyme disease
A multimodal neuroimaging study of brain abnormalities and clinical correlates in post treatment Lyme disease Open
Lyme disease is the most common vector-borne infectious disease in the United States. Post-treatment Lyme disease (PTLD) is a condition affecting 10–20% of patients in which symptoms persist despite antibiotic treatment. Cognitive complain…
View article: Visual Pathway Involvement in NMDA Receptor Encephalitis: A Clinical, Optical Coherence Tomography, and 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT Approach
Visual Pathway Involvement in NMDA Receptor Encephalitis: A Clinical, Optical Coherence Tomography, and 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT Approach Open
Background: Anti-NMDA receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis patients have been reported to exhibit visual dysfunction without retinal thinning. The objective of our study was to examine the involvement of the visual pathway structure and function …
View article: A Variant Allele in Varicella-Zoster Virus Glycoprotein B Selected during Production of the Varicella Vaccine Contributes to Its Attenuation
A Variant Allele in Varicella-Zoster Virus Glycoprotein B Selected during Production of the Varicella Vaccine Contributes to Its Attenuation Open
The live-attenuated varicella vaccine has reduced the burden of chickenpox. Despite its development in 1974, the molecular basis for its attenuation is still not well understood.
View article: Younger Age at Onset Is Associated With Worse Long-term Behavioral Outcomes in Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis
Younger Age at Onset Is Associated With Worse Long-term Behavioral Outcomes in Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis Open
Although anti-NMDARE is associated with an overall favorable outcome, younger age at onset associates with worse long-term adaptive behavior despite no differences in neurologic disability. These findings suggest that the disease may have …
View article: A multimodal neuroimaging study of brain abnormalities and clinical correlates in post treatment Lyme disease
A multimodal neuroimaging study of brain abnormalities and clinical correlates in post treatment Lyme disease Open
Lyme disease is the most common vector-borne infectious disease in the United States. Post-treatment Lyme disease (PTLD) is a condition affecting 10-20% of patients in which symptoms persist despite antibiotic treatment. Cognitive complain…
View article: Protective effects of NAMPT or MAPK inhibitors and NaR on Wallerian degeneration of mammalian axons
Protective effects of NAMPT or MAPK inhibitors and NaR on Wallerian degeneration of mammalian axons Open
View article: Clinical Manifestations and Pathogenesis of Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy: The Interface Between Systemic Infection and Neurologic Injury
Clinical Manifestations and Pathogenesis of Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy: The Interface Between Systemic Infection and Neurologic Injury Open
Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a devastating neurologic condition that can arise following a variety of systemic infections, including influenza and SARS-CoV-2. Affected individuals typically present with rapid changes in consci…
View article: Spatial transcriptomics reveals a role for sensory nerves in preserving cranial suture patency through modulation of BMP/TGF-β signaling
Spatial transcriptomics reveals a role for sensory nerves in preserving cranial suture patency through modulation of BMP/TGF-β signaling Open
Significance Sensory nerves innervate bone and are required for normal skeletal development, but the molecular mechanisms through which nerves exert these essential functions have remained obscure. Here, we validate a spatial transcriptomi…
View article: Nectin-1 Is an Entry Mediator for Varicella-Zoster Virus Infection of Human Neurons
Nectin-1 Is an Entry Mediator for Varicella-Zoster Virus Infection of Human Neurons Open
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox, gains access to neurons during primary infection where it resides lifelong, and can later be reactivated. Reactivation is associated with shingles and postherpetic neuralgia, as well as with …
View article: Pembrolizumab for patients with leptomeningeal metastasis from solid tumors: efficacy, safety, and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers
Pembrolizumab for patients with leptomeningeal metastasis from solid tumors: efficacy, safety, and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers Open
Background The benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with leptomeningeal metastases (LMM) is unknown. Methods We undertook a phase II trial of pembrolizumab in patients with LMM from solid tumors. Eligible patients had…