Arvind Caprihan
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View article: The influence of intermittent hypercapnia on cerebrospinal fluid flow and clearance in Parkinson’s disease and healthy older adults
The influence of intermittent hypercapnia on cerebrospinal fluid flow and clearance in Parkinson’s disease and healthy older adults Open
A failure of the glymphatic pathway to clear brain byproducts implicated in neurodegeneration may contribute to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. The glymphatic pathway relies on vasomotion (rhythmic constriction and dilation of …
View article: Healthy dietary intake diminishes the effect of cerebral small vessel disease on cognitive performance in older adults
Healthy dietary intake diminishes the effect of cerebral small vessel disease on cognitive performance in older adults Open
Introduction We evaluated whether regular dietary intake of nutrients commonly found in fish, unsaturated oils, and nuts would moderate the associations between neuroimaging biomarkers of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) and cognitive …
View article: MRI free water mediates the association between diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space and executive function in four independent middle to aged cohorts
MRI free water mediates the association between diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space and executive function in four independent middle to aged cohorts Open
INTRODUCTION Diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI‐ALPS) index was proposed for assessing glymphatic clearance function. This study evaluated DTI‐ALPS as a biomarker for cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) rela…
View article: The ARTS Marker of Arteriolosclerosis: Instrumental and Clinical Validation
The ARTS Marker of Arteriolosclerosis: Instrumental and Clinical Validation Open
Background The ARTS biomarker is a fully automated software container that predicts the presence of arteriolosclerosis based on in‐vivo MRI data and demographic features. The present study describes findings from the instrumental and clini…
View article: Instrumental and biological validation of PSMD as a VCID biomarker
Instrumental and biological validation of PSMD as a VCID biomarker Open
Background Peak‐width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD) is an emerging biomarker of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD)‐related vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). Higher PSMD values reflect greater w…
View article: The ARTS Marker of Arteriolosclerosis: Instrumental and Clinical Validation
The ARTS Marker of Arteriolosclerosis: Instrumental and Clinical Validation Open
Background The ARTS biomarker is a fully automated software container that predicts the presence of arteriolosclerosis based on in‐vivo MRI data and demographic features. The present study describes findings from the instrumental and clini…
View article: White matter free water: a sensitive biomarker of small vascular disease for VCID research
White matter free water: a sensitive biomarker of small vascular disease for VCID research Open
Background In recent efforts to improve early identification, staging, and prediction of risk of persons at risk for vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) in relation with small vessel disease (SVD), the MarkVC…
View article: Healthy Dietary Intake Diminishes the Effect of Vascular Pathology on Cognitive Performance in Older Adults
Healthy Dietary Intake Diminishes the Effect of Vascular Pathology on Cognitive Performance in Older Adults Open
Background Cognitive reserve (CR) in the context of Alzheimer’s’ disease has been widely studied, yet less is known about how CR protects against vascular brain pathologies. Here, we explored whether dietary factors might attenuate the ass…
View article: Dynamic and static functional network connectivity distinguish symptomatic and non‐symptomatic individuals with CADASIL
Dynamic and static functional network connectivity distinguish symptomatic and non‐symptomatic individuals with CADASIL Open
Background This study focuses on Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), a key model for studying arterial degradation and its impact on brain network communication. We explore …
View article: Validation of diffusivity along the perivascular space as a biomarker for vascular cognitive impairment and dementia
Validation of diffusivity along the perivascular space as a biomarker for vascular cognitive impairment and dementia Open
Background To validate the index of diffusivity along the perivascular space (ALPS index) as a biomarker for vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). Method The participants and MRI data used in this study were acquired as part o…
View article: Dynamic and static functional network connectivity distinguish symptomatic and non‐symptomatic individuals with CADASIL
Dynamic and static functional network connectivity distinguish symptomatic and non‐symptomatic individuals with CADASIL Open
Background This study focuses on Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), a key model for studying arterial degradation and its impact on brain network communication. We explore …
View article: Biological validation of peak‐width of skeletonized mean diffusivity as a VCID biomarker: The MarkVCID Consortium
Biological validation of peak‐width of skeletonized mean diffusivity as a VCID biomarker: The MarkVCID Consortium Open
BACKGROUND Peak‐width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD), a neuroimaging marker of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), has shown excellent instrumental properties. Here, we extend our work to perform a biological validation of PSMD. …
View article: Quantifying brain development in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study: The magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy protocol
Quantifying brain development in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study: The magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy protocol Open
The HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study, a multi-site prospective longitudinal cohort study, will examine human brain, cognitive, behavioral, social, and emotional development beginning prenatally and planned through early chi…
View article: Diffusion magnetic resonance spectroscopy captures microglial reactivity related to gut-derived systemic lipopolysaccharide: A preliminary study
Diffusion magnetic resonance spectroscopy captures microglial reactivity related to gut-derived systemic lipopolysaccharide: A preliminary study Open
Neuroinflammation is a key component underlying multiple neurological disorders, yet non-invasive and cost-effective assessment of in vivo neuroinflammatory processes in the central nervous system remains challenging. Diffusion weighted ma…
View article: Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability Is Associated With Cognitive Functioning in Normal Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability Is Associated With Cognitive Functioning in Normal Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases Open
Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability and cognitive functioning in healthy older adults and individuals with neurodegenerative diseases. Methods and Results …
View article: MRI free water mediates the association between water exchange rate across the blood brain barrier and executive function among older adults
MRI free water mediates the association between water exchange rate across the blood brain barrier and executive function among older adults Open
Vascular risk factors contribute to cognitive aging, with one such risk factor being dysfunction of the blood brain barrier (BBB). Studies using non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques, such as diffusion prepared arterial …
View article: Blood-brain barrier disruption measured by albumin index correlates with inflammatory fluid biomarkers
Blood-brain barrier disruption measured by albumin index correlates with inflammatory fluid biomarkers Open
Introduction: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is important in vascular cognitive impairment dementia (VCID) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). There are two methods uto measures BBB permeability: 1) the ratio of the concentration of albumin in bl…
View article: A Trichotomy Method for Defining Homogeneous Subgroups in a Dementia Population Improves Patient Classification
A Trichotomy Method for Defining Homogeneous Subgroups in a Dementia Population Improves Patient Classification Open
Introduction: Clinical diagnosis of dementia is difficult due to the presence of multiple etiologies with mixed dementia (MX) the most common. MX has been found at autopsy but has been difficult to diagnose during life. Earlier we reported…
View article: Comparison of automated and manual quantification methods for n<scp>euromelanin‐sensitive MRI</scp> in Parkinson's disease
Comparison of automated and manual quantification methods for n<span>euromelanin‐sensitive MRI</span> in Parkinson's disease Open
Neuromelanin‐sensitive magnetic resonance imaging quantitative analysis methods have provided promising biomarkers that can noninvasively quantify degeneration of the substantia nigra in patients with Parkinson's disease. However, there is…
View article: PSMD, a novel biomarker of small vessel disease, and its association with cognitive function — A comprehensive clinical validation study
PSMD, a novel biomarker of small vessel disease, and its association with cognitive function — A comprehensive clinical validation study Open
Background A recent instrumental validation analysis positioned peak‐width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD) as a biomarker for vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) with excellent reliability, repeatabil…
View article: Neurofilament Light and mean Free Water as prognostic enrichment biomarkers for cognitive worsening and small vessel disease progression
Neurofilament Light and mean Free Water as prognostic enrichment biomarkers for cognitive worsening and small vessel disease progression Open
Background Plasma neurofilament light (NfL) and free water (FW), a DTI‐derived measure, are considered, individually, sensitive markers of axonal damage that relate to cognition. A significant remaining challenge for clinical trials reside…
View article: Cross vendor test‐retest validation of diffusion tensor analysis along the perivascular space (DTI‐ALPS) method for evaluating glymphatic system function in vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID)
Cross vendor test‐retest validation of diffusion tensor analysis along the perivascular space (DTI‐ALPS) method for evaluating glymphatic system function in vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) Open
Background Glymphatic system (GS) is a recently discovered brain‐wide perivascular fluid transport system in the cerebral nervous system (CNS)(Benveniste H et al., 2019) The impairment of glymphatic transport has been demonstrated to be as…
View article: MRI‐Based Water Exchange Rate Across the Blood‐Brain‐Barrier is Associated with Diffusion MRI Free Water in Older Adults
MRI‐Based Water Exchange Rate Across the Blood‐Brain‐Barrier is Associated with Diffusion MRI Free Water in Older Adults Open
Background The blood brain barrier (BBB) tightly regulates the clearance of waste from the central nervous system. Changes in BBB function may disrupt such clearance mechanisms, resulting in increased waste and unrestricted fluid, or free …
View article: Multi-Site Cross-Site Inter-Rater and Test-Retest Reliability and Construct Validity of the MarkVCID White Matter Hyperintensity Growth and Regression Protocol
Multi-Site Cross-Site Inter-Rater and Test-Retest Reliability and Construct Validity of the MarkVCID White Matter Hyperintensity Growth and Regression Protocol Open
Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) that occur in the setting of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) may be dynamic increasing or decreasing volumes or stable over time. Quantifying such changes may prove useful a…
View article: A trichotomy method for defining homogeneous subgroups in a dementia population
A trichotomy method for defining homogeneous subgroups in a dementia population Open
Introduction Diagnosis of dementia in the aging brain is confounded by the presence of multiple pathologies. Mixed dementia (MX), a combination of Alzheimer's disease (AD) proteins with vascular disease (VD), is frequently found at autopsy…
View article: MRI free water as a biomarker for cognitive performance: Validation in the markvcid consortium
MRI free water as a biomarker for cognitive performance: Validation in the markvcid consortium Open
Background Free Water (FW), a Diffusion Tensor Imaging‐based biomarker kit has been demonstrated by the MarkVCID consortium to have excellent instrumental validity 1 . We sought to determine its clinical relevance by investigating associat…
View article: Cross-Vendor Test-Retest Validation of Diffusion Tensor Image Analysis along the Perivascular Space (DTI-ALPS) for Evaluating Glymphatic System Function
Cross-Vendor Test-Retest Validation of Diffusion Tensor Image Analysis along the Perivascular Space (DTI-ALPS) for Evaluating Glymphatic System Function Open
The diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) method was proposed to evaluate glymphatic system (GS) function. However, few studies have validated its reliability and reproducibility. Fifty participants' DTI d…
View article: Blood-brain barrier disruption measured by albumin index correlates with inflammatory fluid biomarkers
Blood-brain barrier disruption measured by albumin index correlates with inflammatory fluid biomarkers Open
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability can be measured by the ratio of albumin in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood and by dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCEMRI). Albumin is a large molecule measured in CSF and blood to form the albumin …
View article: Albuminuria, cognition, and MRI biomarkers of cerebrovascular disease in American Indians of the Zuni Pueblo
Albuminuria, cognition, and MRI biomarkers of cerebrovascular disease in American Indians of the Zuni Pueblo Open
Our pilot study validated the use of MRI biomarkers of cerebrovascular disease in this unique cohort of American Indians.