Explanipedia

Correction: Characterization of the role of the antioxidant proteins Metallothioneins 1 and 2 in an animal model of alzheimer’s disease Open

Yasmina Manso, Gemma Comes, Ashley I. Bush, Juan Hidalgo · 2025

A Detailed Study on LLM Biases Concerning Corporate Social Responsibility and Green Supply Chains Open

Greta Ontrup, Ashley I. Bush, Markus Pauly · 2025

Organizations increasingly use Large Language Models (LLMs) to improve supply chain processes and reduce environmental impacts. However, LLMs have been shown to reproduce biases regarding the prioritization of sustainable business strategi…

Engineering mRNA-LNP Medicines for the Ageing Brain: Opportunities and Challenges for Neurodegenerative diseases Open

Abdel Ali Belaidi, Denzil Furtado, Francesca Alves, Rebecca M. Nisbet, Scott Ayton , et al. · 2025

Real world diagnostic performance of plasma p-tau217 for early-onset Alzheimer's disease in a cognitive disorders tertiary care setting Open

Pratishtha Chatterjee, Svetlana Ivanic, Adam Southon, Claire McCarthy, Sheila K. Patel , et al. · 2025

Background Plasma p-tau217 shows exceptional diagnostic performance for Alzheimer's disease (AD) in cohort studies. Recent real-world studies support its validity in more diverse populations. Objective Test the performance of plasma p-tau2…

690. SERUM ELEMENTS AND OXIDATIVE STRESS INDICES ARE ALTERED IN TREATMENT-RESISTANT SCHIZOPHRENIA Open

Sandra Luza, Navya Talluri, Parsa Ravanfar, Deirdre A. Lane, Adam Southon , et al. · 2025

Background The molecular basis of schizophrenia (Sz) is explained by genetics and environmental factors. Around 30% of individuals with Sz have chronic illness and are often treatment-resistant (TRS). Our postmortem and MRI studies identif…

686. SCHIZOPHRENIA-LIKE ENDOPHENOTYPES IN AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN KNOCK OUT MICE Open

Jessica Ky-Lee Choong, Carolyn Choy, Dantao Peng, Thibault Renoir, Warda Syeda , et al. · 2025

Background Schizophrenia is a complex mental health condition that impacts an estimated 1% of the global population. The exact causes remain largely unclear. Recent findings from our research group have found evidence for the presence of i…

695. IRON DYSHOMEOSTASIS IS LINKED TO DOWNREGULATED AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN IN SCHIZOPHRENIA PREFRONTAL CORTEX: A POSTMORTEM STUDY Open

Carlos Opazo, Amit Lotan, Sandra Luza, Deirdre A. Lane, Serafino G. Mancuso , et al. · 2025

Background Schizophrenia is a major neuropsychiatric disorder that is often disabling and associated with progressive brain changes, which have been linked to oxidative stress. Iron, the most abundant transition metal in the brain, is crit…

699. SERUM IRON ABNORMALITIES IN TREATMENT RESISTANT SCHIZOPHRENIA ARE NOT OBSERVED IN FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA Open

N Talluri, Sandra Luza, A Merrit, Carlos Opazo, Dhamidhu Eratne , et al. · 2025

Background Brain imaging and QSM studies of schizophrenia have revealed significant structural and synaptic changes in the frontal and temporal regions. Emerging evidence suggests that schizophrenia, particularly treatment-resistant schizo…

Aberrant Mitochondrial Metabolism in Alzheimer's Disease Links Energy Stress with Ferroptosis Open

Francesca Alves, Darius J.R. Lane, Adam Wahida, Md. Jakaria, Paweł Kalinowski , et al. · 2025

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is defined by β‐amyloid plaques and tau‐containing neurofibrillary tangles, but the ensuing cellular derangements that culminate in neurodegeneration remain elusive. Here, a mechanistic link between two AD pathophy…

Choosing a Model, Shaping a Future: Comparing LLM Perspectives on Sustainability and its Relationship with AI Open

Ashley I. Bush, Meltem Aksoy, Markus Pauly, Greta Ontrup · 2025

As organizations increasingly rely on AI systems for decision support in sustainability contexts, it becomes critical to understand the inherent biases and perspectives embedded in Large Language Models (LLMs). This study systematically in…

Apolipoprotein E in Alzheimer’s disease: molecular insights and therapeutic opportunities Open

Abdel Ali Belaidi, Ashley I. Bush, Scott Ayton · 2025

Evidence of COMT dysfunction in the olfactory bulb in Parkinson’s disease Open

Leah C. Beauchamp, Laura J. Ellett, Sydney M. A. Juan, Xiang M. Liu, Cameron J. Hunt , et al. · 2025

Ferric Ammonium Citrate Reduces Claudin-5 Abundance and Function in Primary Mouse Brain Endothelial Cells Open

Pranav Runwal, Jae Pyun, Stephanie A. Newman, Celeste Mawal, Ashley I. Bush , et al. · 2025

Background Iron overload is implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases, where there is also blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. As there is a growing interest in the role of iron in modulating key BBB proteins, this study assessed th…

Twin Transition or Competing Interests? Validation of the Artificial Intelligence and Sustainability Perceptions Inventory (AISPI) Open

Ashley I. Bush · 2025

As artificial intelligence (AI) and sustainability initiatives increasingly intersect, understanding public perceptions of their relationship becomes crucial for successful implementation. However, no validated instrument exists to measure…

In defence of ferroptosis Open

Francesca Alves, Darius J.R. Lane, Triet Phu Minh Nguyen, Ashley I. Bush, Scott Ayton · 2025

Rampant phospholipid peroxidation initiated by iron causes ferroptosis unless this is restrained by cellular defences. Ferroptosis is increasingly implicated in a host of diseases, and unlike other cell death programs the physiological ini…

Choosing a Model, Shaping a Future: Comparing LLM Perspectives on Sustainability and its Relationship with AI Open

Ashley I. Bush, Meltem Aksoy, Markus Pauly, Greta Ontrup · 2025

Elevated iron levels in the older adult brain are associated with higher R2 relaxation rate in gray matter and more white matter hyperintensities: An ex‐vivo MRI, pathology and mass spectrometry study Open

Md Tahmid Yasar, Ashley I. Bush, Scott Ayton, Puja Agarwal, Sonal Agrawal , et al. · 2024

Background Elevated iron in brain is a source of free radicals that causes oxidative stress which has been linked to neuropathologies and cognitive impairment among older adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of …

Elevated iron levels in the older adult brain are associated with higher R<sub>2</sub> relaxation rate in gray matter and more white matter hyperintensities: An ex‐vivo MRI, pathology and mass spectrometry study Open

Md Tahmid Yasar, Ashley I. Bush, Scott Ayton, Puja Agarwal, Sonal Agrawal , et al. · 2024

Background Elevated iron in brain is a source of free radicals that causes oxidative stress which has been linked to neuropathologies and cognitive impairment among older adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of …

Apolipoprotein E and Apolipoprotein E receptor 2 signaling as drug targets in Alzheimer’s disease Open

Abdel Ali Belaidi, Ashley I. Bush, Scott Ayton · 2024

Background Allelic variation in apolipoprotein E (APOE) is by far the greatest contributor to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) after age, but the mechanisms underlying how APOE impacts on the pathology of AD remain undefined. While most research i…

Baseline demographic, risk and cognitive characteristics of the final randomized sample enrolled in a decentralised multi‐domain lifestyle intervention trial (BetterBrains) to delay cognitive decline Open

Emily Rosenich, Stephanie Pirotta, Hannah Cummins, Maya Norfolk, Gabrielle Da Costa , et al. · 2024

Background The BetterBrains Trial is a prospective behavior‐modification blinded endpoint randomized controlled trial to delay cognitive decline in middle‐aged adults (aged 40‐70) with a family history of dementia. The primary outcome is a…

A trial of the iron‐chelator deferiprone in Alzheimer’s disease Open

Scott Ayton, Ashley I. Bush · 2024

Background Iron is vital for metabolism but can act as a catalyst for oxidative damage. Elevated brain iron, determined from biomarkers of iron (CSF ferritin and quantitative susceptibility mapping MRI) and from post‐mortem measurement of …

Elevated iron levels in Alzheimer’s disease brain was partially due to increased cytosolic expression of hemoglobin in neurons Open

Blaine R. Roberts, Soumya Mukherjee, Anne M. Roberts, Madison E. Platt, Catriona MacLean , et al. · 2024

Background A better understanding of the molecular process that drive Alzheimer’s disease(AD) are required to develop effective biomarkers and therapies. This includes determining how essential elements like Fe, Cu and Zn are involved in t…

Small extracellular vesicles contain metals and transfer metal intercellularly Open

Adityas Purnianto, Celeste Mawal, Madhura Kulkarni, Huaqi Su, Tiana F. Koukoulis , et al. · 2024

Cells have developed a highly regulated system for the uptake, transport, utilization, storage, and export of metals, ensuring the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) function as a mechanism through whi…

Stable potassium isotope ratios in human blood serum towards biomarker development in Alzheimer's disease Open

Brandon Mahan, Yan Hu, Esther Lahoud, Mark Nestmeyer, Alex McCoy-West , et al. · 2024

The Alzheimer's disease (AD)-affected brain purges K with concurrently increasing serum K, suggesting brain–blood K transferal. Here, natural stable K isotope ratios—δ41K—of human serum samples were characterized in an AD biomarker pilot s…

Integrated elemental analysis supports targeting copper perturbations as a therapeutic strategy in multiple sclerosis Open

James B. Hilton, Kai Kysenius, Jeffrey R. Liddell, Stephen W. Mercer, Carsten Rautengarten , et al. · 2024

Impaired cellular copper regulation in the presence of <span>ApoE4</span> Open

Bryce Blades, Ya Hui Hung, Abdel Ali Belaidi, Irene Volitakis, Aaron G. Schultz , et al. · 2024

The strongest genetic risk factor for late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) is allelic variation of the APOE gene, with the following risk structure: ε4 > ε3 > ε2. The biochemical basis for this risk profile is unclear. Here, we reveal a new…

Elucidating the Link Between Anxiety/Depression and Alzheimer’s Dementia in the Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) Study Open

Liwei Ma, Edwin C.K. Tan, Ashley I. Bush, Colin L. Masters, Benjamin Goudey , et al. · 2024

Background The associations between mood disorders (anxiety and depression) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) remain unclear. Methods Data from the Australian Imaging, Biomarker & Lifestyle (AIBL) study were …

Evidence for disrupted copper availability in human spinal cord supports CuII(atsm) as a treatment option for sporadic cases of ALS Open

James B. Hilton, Kai Kysenius, Jeffrey R. Liddell, Stephen W. Mercer, Bence Paul , et al. · 2024

The copper compound Cu II (atsm) has progressed to phase 2/3 testing for treatment of the neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Cu II (atsm) is neuroprotective in mutant SOD1 mouse models of ALS where its activity …

A guideline on the molecular ecosystem regulating ferroptosis Open

Enyong Dai, Xin Chen, Andreas Linkermann, Xuejun Jiang, Rui Kang , et al. · 2024

Microglial ferroptotic stress causes non-cell autonomous neuronal death Open

Jeffrey R. Liddell, James B. Hilton, Kai Kysenius, Jessica L. Billings, Sara Nikseresht , et al. · 2024

Background Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death characterised by lipid peroxidation as the terminal endpoint and a requirement for iron. Although it protects against cancer and infection, ferroptosis is also implicated in causing …

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