Athanasios Bakas
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View article: Knowledges, beliefs and practices on radiation protection of non-radiologists physicians who use ionizing radiation and participate in radioscopically guided procedures
Knowledges, beliefs and practices on radiation protection of non-radiologists physicians who use ionizing radiation and participate in radioscopically guided procedures Open
Background: Technical innovations have spread the use of ionizing radiation in daily clinical practice. About one third to half medical decisions are guided by radiological examinations. This review aims to evaluate current literature rela…
View article: Advancing Exposure Index in Radiology for Optimized Imaging, Accuracy, and Future Innovations
Advancing Exposure Index in Radiology for Optimized Imaging, Accuracy, and Future Innovations Open
Exposure index (EI) is a critical parameter in digital radiography, providing a quantitative measure of the radiation dose received by the detector. This review examines the significance of EI, methods for its determination, influencing fa…
View article: Light Output Response of a Barium Fluoride (BaF2) Inorganic Scintillator Under X-Ray Radiation
Light Output Response of a Barium Fluoride (BaF2) Inorganic Scintillator Under X-Ray Radiation Open
In this study, the luminescence efficiency of a crystal-form barium fluoride (BaF2) inorganic scintillator was assessed for medical imaging applications. For the experiments, we used a typical medical X-ray tube (50–140 kVp) for estimating…
View article: Luminescence Efficiency and Spectral Compatibility of Cerium Fluoride (CeF3) Inorganic Scintillator with Various Optical Sensors in the Diagnostic Radiology X-ray Energy Range
Luminescence Efficiency and Spectral Compatibility of Cerium Fluoride (CeF3) Inorganic Scintillator with Various Optical Sensors in the Diagnostic Radiology X-ray Energy Range Open
The aim of this study was to experimentally assess the luminescence efficiency of a cerium fluoride (CeF3) inorganic scintillator in crystal form as a possible alternative to high-luminescence but hygroscopic cerium bromide (CeBr3). The ex…
View article: Influence of temperature (26 to 155 °C range) on the luminescence efficiency of cerium bromide scintillator
Influence of temperature (26 to 155 °C range) on the luminescence efficiency of cerium bromide scintillator Open
The temperature of the environment affects strongly the light output produced by scintillators under X-ray irradiation. Knowledge of this behavior is important in order to integrate a specific scintillator within detectors for harsh enviro…
View article: Optical Photon Propagation Characteristics and Thickness Optimization of LaCl3:Ce and LaBr3:Ce Crystal Scintillators for Nuclear Medicine Imaging
Optical Photon Propagation Characteristics and Thickness Optimization of LaCl3:Ce and LaBr3:Ce Crystal Scintillators for Nuclear Medicine Imaging Open
The present study focuses on the determination of the optimal crystal thickness of LaCl3:Ce and LaBr3:Ce crystal scintillators for Nuclear Medicine Imaging applications. A theoretical model was applied for the estimation of the optical eff…
View article: Response of Lead Fluoride (PbF2) Crystal under X-ray and Gamma Ray Radiation
Response of Lead Fluoride (PbF2) Crystal under X-ray and Gamma Ray Radiation Open
Background: In this research, the response of a 10 × 10 × 10 mm3 commercially available PbF2 crystal was experimentally assessed under X-ray and gamma ray radiation to verify the possible application of this material in X-ray medical imagi…
View article: Temperature Dependence of the Luminescence Output of LaCl3:Ce Single Crystal Scintillator
Temperature Dependence of the Luminescence Output of LaCl3:Ce Single Crystal Scintillator Open
Crystal scintillators are employed in a variety of applications in order to convert X-rays or gamma rays to visible radiation. The performance of a scintillator is strongly dependent on several factors such as pressure, temperature and rad…
View article: Evaluation of Cerium-Doped Lanthanum Bromide (LaBr3:Ce) Single-Crystal Scintillator’s Luminescence Properties under X-ray Radiographic Conditions
Evaluation of Cerium-Doped Lanthanum Bromide (LaBr3:Ce) Single-Crystal Scintillator’s Luminescence Properties under X-ray Radiographic Conditions Open
In the present study, the response of the crystalline scintillator LaBr3:Ce when excited with X-rays at tube voltages from 50 kVp to 150 kVp was investigated, for possible use in hybrid medical-imaging systems. A single crystal (10 × 10 × …
View article: Luminescence Efficiency of Cerium Bromide Single Crystal under X-ray Radiation
Luminescence Efficiency of Cerium Bromide Single Crystal under X-ray Radiation Open
A rare-earth trihalide scintillator, CeBr3, in 1 cm edge cubic monocrystal form, is examined with regard to its principal luminescence and scintillation properties, as a candidate for radiation imaging applications. This relatively new mat…
View article: Luminescence and Structural Characterization of Gd2O2S Scintillators Doped with Tb3+, Ce3+, Pr3+ and F for Imaging Applications
Luminescence and Structural Characterization of Gd2O2S Scintillators Doped with Tb3+, Ce3+, Pr3+ and F for Imaging Applications Open
Radiodiagnostic technologies are powerful tools for preventing diseases and monitoring the condition of patients. Medicine and sectors such as industry and research all use this inspection methodology. This field demands innovative and mor…
View article: Efficiency Properties of Cerium-Doped Lanthanum Chloride (LaCl3:Ce) Single Crystal Scintillator under Radiographic X-ray Excitation
Efficiency Properties of Cerium-Doped Lanthanum Chloride (LaCl3:Ce) Single Crystal Scintillator under Radiographic X-ray Excitation Open
The aim of this study is to evaluate the suitability of crystalline scintillator LaCl3:Ce for possible use in hybrid medical imaging systems, such as PET/CT and SPECT/CT scanners. For this purpose, a single crystal (10 × 10 × 10 mm3) was i…
View article: On the Response of a Micro Non-Destructive Testing X-ray Detector
On the Response of a Micro Non-Destructive Testing X-ray Detector Open
Certain imaging performance metrics are examined for a state-of-the-art 20 μm pixel pitch CMOS sensor (RadEye HR), coupled to a Gd2O2S:Tb scintillator screen. The signal transfer property (STP), the modulation transfer function (MTF), the …
View article: On the thermal response of LuAG:Ce single crystals
On the thermal response of LuAG:Ce single crystals Open
It is well known that the luminescence efficiency of single crystals is affected by external parameters, such as the environmental temperature, especially in harsh environments. Due to this, it is of worth to examine the influence of tempe…
View article: Assessing the Information Content of a Non-Destructive Testing CMOS Imaging Detector
Assessing the Information Content of a Non-Destructive Testing CMOS Imaging Detector Open
The purpose of the present study was to assess the information content of a non-destructive testing (NDT) CMOS X-ray imaging detector in terms of the information capacity (IC), based on Shannon's mathematical communication theory. IC was c…
View article: On the Optical Response of Tellurium Activated Zinc Selenide ZnSe:Te Single Crystal
On the Optical Response of Tellurium Activated Zinc Selenide ZnSe:Te Single Crystal Open
In this study, the light output of a zinc selenide activated with tellurium (ZnSe: Te) single crystal was measured for X-ray radiography applications. A cubic crystal (10 × 10 × 10 mm) was irradiated using X-rays with tube voltages from 50…
View article: Luminescence Efficiency of Cadmium Tungstate (CdWO4) Single Crystal for Medical Imaging Applications
Luminescence Efficiency of Cadmium Tungstate (CdWO4) Single Crystal for Medical Imaging Applications Open
Background: In this study, the light output of a cadmium tungstate (CdWO4) single crystal was measured under various X-ray radiographic energies. Methods: A CdWO4 single crystal (10 × 10 × 10 mm3) was exposed to X-rays in the 50–130 kVp ra…
View article: Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Structure Modification through Zn-Cu-In-S / ZnS Quantum Dot Nanocrystals Dispersion
Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Structure Modification through Zn-Cu-In-S / ZnS Quantum Dot Nanocrystals Dispersion Open
The aim of the current study was to present a simple method for the fabrication of quantum dot (QD)/polymer films for possible use as a luminescent material in medical applications. To this aim the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) polymer …
View article: Luminescence efficiency of CaF2:Eu single crystals: Temperature dependence
Luminescence efficiency of CaF2:Eu single crystals: Temperature dependence Open
During the last decades, there is increasing interest in applications of scintillators at harsh environments (i.e., high temperatures or radiation fluxes), such as in geophysical detectors for deep geology boreholes, non-destructive testin…
View article: Temperature Dependence of the Luminescence output of CdWO4 Crystal. Comparison with CaF2:Eu
Temperature Dependence of the Luminescence output of CdWO4 Crystal. Comparison with CaF2:Eu Open
Scintillators are radiation converters applied in medical imaging detectors, in applications at harsh environments, including in geophysical detectors for deep geology boreholes, non-destructive testing (NDT) in gas and oil facilities, spa…
View article: Optical Characteristics of ZnCuInS/ZnS (Core/Shell) Nanocrystal Flexible Films Under X-Ray Excitation
Optical Characteristics of ZnCuInS/ZnS (Core/Shell) Nanocrystal Flexible Films Under X-Ray Excitation Open
The aim of this article is to evaluate optical characteristics, such as the intrinsic conversion efficiency and the inherent light propagation efficiency of three polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/methyl methacrylate (MMA) composite ZnCuInS/Z…
View article: Fabrication and Luminescent Properties of Zn–Cu–In–S/ZnS Quantum Dot Films under UV Excitation
Fabrication and Luminescent Properties of Zn–Cu–In–S/ZnS Quantum Dot Films under UV Excitation Open
Quantum dots (QDs) are quite interesting materials due to their unique chemical and physical properties. ZnCuInS/ZnS QDs can be produced either in hydrophobic or hydrophilic form, are non-toxic, and thus favorable for studies in the area o…
View article: Absolute Luminescence Efficiency of Europium-Doped Calcium Fluoride (CaF2:Eu) Single Crystals under X-ray Excitation
Absolute Luminescence Efficiency of Europium-Doped Calcium Fluoride (CaF2:Eu) Single Crystals under X-ray Excitation Open
The absolute luminescence efficiency (AE) of a calcium fluoride (CaF2:Eu) single crystal doped with europium was studied using X-ray energies met in general radiography. A CaF2:Eu single crystal with dimensions of 10 × 10 × 10 mm3 was irra…
View article: Towards the enhancement of medical imaging with non-destructive testing (NDT) CMOS sensors. Evaluation following IEC 62220-1-1:2015 international standard
Towards the enhancement of medical imaging with non-destructive testing (NDT) CMOS sensors. Evaluation following IEC 62220-1-1:2015 international standard Open
The aim of the current work was to investigate the modulation transfer function (MTF) of a non-destructive testing (NDT)/ industrial inspection CMOS sensor in conjunction with a calcium tungstate (CaWO4) thin screen, following both the IEC…
View article: Structural Characterization and Absolute Luminescence Efficiency Evaluation of Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>S High Packing Density Ceramic Screens Doped with Tb<sup>3+</sup>and Eu<sup>3+</sup>for further Applications in Radiology
Structural Characterization and Absolute Luminescence Efficiency Evaluation of Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>S High Packing Density Ceramic Screens Doped with Tb<sup>3+</sup>and Eu<sup>3+</sup>for further Applications in Radiology Open
Rare earth activators are impurities added in the phosphor material to enhance probability of visible photon emission during the luminescence process. The main activators employed are rare earth trivalent ions such as Ce+3, Tb+3, Pr3+ and …