Larry B. Goldstein
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View article: WMH Growth/Regression Computation Method Can Serve as A Sensitive Neuroimaging Biomarker for CAA
WMH Growth/Regression Computation Method Can Serve as A Sensitive Neuroimaging Biomarker for CAA Open
Background Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is frequently associated with cognitive impairment and other types of dementia and can lead to lobar cerebral microbleeds and be associated with an increased burden of white matter hyperintensit…
View article: Tracking White Matter Integrity in WMH Growth and Regression: A Longitudinal Study Using a Validated WMH Imaging Approach
Tracking White Matter Integrity in WMH Growth and Regression: A Longitudinal Study Using a Validated WMH Imaging Approach Open
Background White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are associated with cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and cognitive decline, yet their underlying microstructural integrity remains poorly understood. WMH exhibits dynamic behavior, with regions t…
View article: Education Research: Secondary Trauma in Third-Year Medical Students During a Neurology/Emergency Medicine Clerkship
Education Research: Secondary Trauma in Third-Year Medical Students During a Neurology/Emergency Medicine Clerkship Open
Secondary trauma characteristics were identified in 11.3% of third-year medical students during a combined neurology/emergency medicine clerkship. This provides an opportunity to incorporate interventions that are effective in reducing sec…
View article: Linking EMS and In-Hospital Stroke Records: Impact of Deterministic vs. Probabilistic Methods on Selection Bias
Linking EMS and In-Hospital Stroke Records: Impact of Deterministic vs. Probabilistic Methods on Selection Bias Open
Background Linking emergency medical services (EMS) and hospital stroke registry data is crucial for evaluating stroke systems of care, but the impact of different linkage methods on selection bias remains unclear. This study compared dete…
View article: Pathology-Proven Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in a Patient With Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Pathology-Proven Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in a Patient With Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage Open
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA)–related intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 20% of spontaneous ICH. Results of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) support the clinical diagnosis of suspected CAA and help predict future ICH. He…
View article: Principles for Novel Neurologic Therapeutics
Principles for Novel Neurologic Therapeutics Open
This statement provides general principles of the American Academy of Neurology's (AAN) approach when invited to provide guidance to policymakers on a variety of types of therapies that may have neurologic treatment benefits, but for which…
View article: Association Between Marital/Partner Status and Patient-reported Outcomes in Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review
Association Between Marital/Partner Status and Patient-reported Outcomes in Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review Open
Background: The extent to which marital/partner status affects patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in stroke patients varies among reported studies. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify this relationship. Met…
View article: Time After Time: Deep-Q Effect Estimation for Interventions on When and What to do
Time After Time: Deep-Q Effect Estimation for Interventions on When and What to do Open
Problems in fields such as healthcare, robotics, and finance requires reasoning about the value both of what decision or action to take and when to take it. The prevailing hope is that artificial intelligence will support such decisions by…
View article: The Effect of Sex‐Differences on the Relationship Between White Matter Hyperintensity, Cerebrovascular Reactivity, and Fluid Biomarkers
The Effect of Sex‐Differences on the Relationship Between White Matter Hyperintensity, Cerebrovascular Reactivity, and Fluid Biomarkers Open
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) are the predominant types of dementia in older adults, associated with memory loss and cognitive deficits. White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are li…
View article: Association of Prior Antithrombotic Drug Use with 90-Day Mortality After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Association of Prior Antithrombotic Drug Use with 90-Day Mortality After Intracerebral Hemorrhage Open
In this unselected cohort from a geographically defined Danish population, 90-day mortality after s-ICH was higher in patients with prior use of an OAC compared with no AT use or patients using a PA. Mortality was slightly lower for patien…
View article: Unveiling Insight: Autopsy findings on Alzheimer’s Disease Clinical Trial Participants and the multifaceted existence of comorbid pathologies
Unveiling Insight: Autopsy findings on Alzheimer’s Disease Clinical Trial Participants and the multifaceted existence of comorbid pathologies Open
Background The presence of multiple comorbid pathologic features in late‐onset dementia has been well documented across cohort studies that incorporate autopsy evaluation. It is likely that such mixed pathology potentially confounds the re…
View article: Contrasting with Symile: Simple Model-Agnostic Representation Learning for Unlimited Modalities
Contrasting with Symile: Simple Model-Agnostic Representation Learning for Unlimited Modalities Open
Contrastive learning methods, such as CLIP, leverage naturally paired data-for example, images and their corresponding text captions-to learn general representations that transfer efficiently to downstream tasks. While such approaches are …
View article: What's the score? Automated Denoising Score Matching for Nonlinear Diffusions
What's the score? Automated Denoising Score Matching for Nonlinear Diffusions Open
Reversing a diffusion process by learning its score forms the heart of diffusion-based generative modeling and for estimating properties of scientific systems. The diffusion processes that are tractable center on linear processes with a Ga…
View article: Association of Antithrombotic Drug Use With Incident Intracerebral Hemorrhage Location
Association of Antithrombotic Drug Use With Incident Intracerebral Hemorrhage Location Open
Antithrombotics were associated with higher risks of s-ICH, but the strength of the associations varied by s-ICH location and drug, which may reflect differences in the cerebral microangiopathies associated with lobar vs nonlobar hemorrhag…
View article: Development and external validation of a dynamic risk score for early prediction of cardiogenic shock in cardiac intensive care units using machine learning
Development and external validation of a dynamic risk score for early prediction of cardiogenic shock in cardiac intensive care units using machine learning Open
Aims Myocardial infarction and heart failure are major cardiovascular diseases that affect millions of people in the USA with morbidity and mortality being highest among patients who develop cardiogenic shock. Early recognition of cardioge…
View article: Probabilistic Forecasting with Stochastic Interpolants and Föllmer Processes
Probabilistic Forecasting with Stochastic Interpolants and Föllmer Processes Open
We propose a framework for probabilistic forecasting of dynamical systems based on generative modeling. Given observations of the system state over time, we formulate the forecasting problem as sampling from the conditional distribution of…
View article: Mnemonic utilization in stroke education: FAST and BEFAST adoption by certified comprehensive stroke centers
Mnemonic utilization in stroke education: FAST and BEFAST adoption by certified comprehensive stroke centers Open
Introduction Symptom recognition and timely access to treatment are critical components of acute stroke care systems. Two mnemonics widely used in public educational campaigns for recognizing stroke symptoms include FAST (Face-Arm-Speech-T…
View article: SiT: Exploring Flow and Diffusion-based Generative Models with Scalable Interpolant Transformers
SiT: Exploring Flow and Diffusion-based Generative Models with Scalable Interpolant Transformers Open
We present Scalable Interpolant Transformers (SiT), a family of generative models built on the backbone of Diffusion Transformers (DiT). The interpolant framework, which allows for connecting two distributions in a more flexible way than s…
View article: Rapid, scalable assay of amylin‐β amyloid co‐aggregation in brain tissue and blood
Rapid, scalable assay of amylin‐β amyloid co‐aggregation in brain tissue and blood Open
Background Islet amyloid polypeptide (amylin) secreted from the pancreas crosses the blood brain barrier into the brain parenchyma and interacts with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) associated cerebral β‐amyloid (Aβ) plaques, which are found in b…
View article: Overcoming Recruitment Challenges and Increasing Representation and Diversity of Participation in Early MCI Clinical Trials: The MIND Study Experience
Overcoming Recruitment Challenges and Increasing Representation and Diversity of Participation in Early MCI Clinical Trials: The MIND Study Experience Open
Background The MIND ( M emory I mprovement with N icotine D osing) study is an ongoing trial to determine whether long‐term transdermal nicotine treatment results in sustained cognitive improvement and attenuation of cognitive decline in p…
View article: Rapid, scalable assay of amylin‐β amyloid co‐aggregation in brain tissue and blood
Rapid, scalable assay of amylin‐β amyloid co‐aggregation in brain tissue and blood Open
Background Islet amyloid polypeptide (amylin) secreted from the pancreas crosses the blood brain barrier into the brain parenchyma and interacts with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) associated cerebral ß‐amyloid (Aß) plaques, which are found in b…
View article: 599 Single-agent safety and activities of target-preserving anti-CTLA-4 antibody gotistobart (ONC-392/BNT316) in PD-(L)1 resistant metastatic NSCLC and population PK analysis in patients with solid tumors
599 Single-agent safety and activities of target-preserving anti-CTLA-4 antibody gotistobart (ONC-392/BNT316) in PD-(L)1 resistant metastatic NSCLC and population PK analysis in patients with solid tumors Open
Background Although CTLA-4 was the first validated target in immunotherapy, available anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have shown very limited therapeutic activity as a single agent. Preclinical studies showed that gotistobart (ONC…
View article: Multi-Site Cross-Site Inter-Rater and Test-Retest Reliability and Construct Validity of the MarkVCID White Matter Hyperintensity Growth and Regression Protocol
Multi-Site Cross-Site Inter-Rater and Test-Retest Reliability and Construct Validity of the MarkVCID White Matter Hyperintensity Growth and Regression Protocol Open
Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) that occur in the setting of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) may be dynamic increasing or decreasing volumes or stable over time. Quantifying such changes may prove useful a…
View article: Outcomes after ischemic stroke for dual-eligible Medicare-Medicaid beneficiaries in the United States
Outcomes after ischemic stroke for dual-eligible Medicare-Medicaid beneficiaries in the United States Open
Background Medicaid serves as a safety net for low-income US Medicare beneficiaries with limited assets. Approximately 7.7 million Americans aged ≥65 years rely on a combination of Medicare and Medicaid to obtain critical medical services,…
View article: Stochastic interpolants with data-dependent couplings
Stochastic interpolants with data-dependent couplings Open
Generative models inspired by dynamical transport of measure -- such as flows and diffusions -- construct a continuous-time map between two probability densities. Conventionally, one of these is the target density, only accessible through …
View article: Aggressive LDL-C Lowering and the Brain: Impact on Risk for Dementia and Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Aggressive LDL-C Lowering and the Brain: Impact on Risk for Dementia and Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Open
The objective of this scientific statement is to evaluate contemporary evidence that either supports or refutes the conclusion that aggressive low-density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering or lipid lowering exerts toxic effects on the brain…
View article: Association of Statin Use With Risk of Stroke Recurrence After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Association of Statin Use With Risk of Stroke Recurrence After Intracerebral Hemorrhage Open
This study provides Class III evidence that statin use in patients with ICH is associated with a lower risk of any stroke and IS and not with increased risk of recurrent ICH.
View article: Randomized Phase II Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Semorinemab in Participants With Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer Disease: Lauriet
Randomized Phase II Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Semorinemab in Participants With Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer Disease: Lauriet Open
The Lauriet study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03828747, and EudraCT 2018-003398-87.