2025-07-15
Transfersome enhances nail penetration of antifungal drug and photosensitizer for chemo-photodynamic therapy of onychomycosis in a novel rat model
2025-07-15 • Yiyang Li, Yannan Qin, Yi Liu, Bo Yuan, Zhirong Zhao, Jingyuan Wang, Yanhong Ji, Shuai Mao, Feng Ye, Chengcheng Liu, Chuanbin Mao
Onychomycosis is a prevalent nail infection caused by fungi, presenting significant treatment challenges due to poor drug penetration and high recurrence rates. Current treatments, including oral and topical antifungals, often have limited efficacy and can lead to resistance. Transfersomes are lipid vesicles that can penetrate skin for transdermal drug delivery. Here, a transfersome (termed THT) capable of penetrating nails to deliver a photosensitizer (hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether, HMME) and an antifungal che…