Baidong Hou
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View article: Pathogen-specific immunity debt in children after prolonged nonpharmaceutical interventions: a cross-sectional study in China
Pathogen-specific immunity debt in children after prolonged nonpharmaceutical interventions: a cross-sectional study in China Open
Our results provide the first multi-pathogen serological evidence that prolonged NPIs led to pathogen-specific immunity debt in young children in China. The effects were most pronounced for pathogens with high pre-pandemic circulation or r…
View article: Ankrd11 deficiency reverses the dysfunction of chronic HBV-specific T-cell
Ankrd11 deficiency reverses the dysfunction of chronic HBV-specific T-cell Open
CD8+ T cell dysfunction, driven by intricate molecular mechanisms, poses a major obstacle to hepatitis B virus (HBV) clearance in chronic infection. Using a highly humanized mouse model, we identified a T cell receptor (TCR) targeting a do…
View article: Reading of human acute immune dynamics in omicron SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection
Reading of human acute immune dynamics in omicron SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection Open
The dynamics of the immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) breakthrough infections remain unclear, particularly when compared to responses in naive individuals. In this longitudinal prospective coho…
View article: Competition propels, rather than limits, the success of low-affinity B cells in the germinal center response
Competition propels, rather than limits, the success of low-affinity B cells in the germinal center response Open
The germinal center (GC) sets an environment where antigen-specific B cells are compelled to continuously increase their affinity to compete for the antigen and obtain Tfh help for survival and propagation. Previous studies indicated that …
View article: B cell adapter for PI 3-kinase (BCAP) coordinates antigen internalization and trafficking through the B cell receptor
B cell adapter for PI 3-kinase (BCAP) coordinates antigen internalization and trafficking through the B cell receptor Open
B cell adapter for PI 3-kinase (BCAP) is an adaptor molecule associated with signaling through multiple immune receptors, including the B cell receptor (BCR). However, B cell–intrinsic role of BCAP in antibody responses is unclear. We inve…
View article: Comparison of antigen-specific B cell responses reveals disparity in immunogenicity and memory B cell formation across COVID-19 vaccine platforms
Comparison of antigen-specific B cell responses reveals disparity in immunogenicity and memory B cell formation across COVID-19 vaccine platforms Open
Various vaccine technologies have been employed in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, including whole inactivated virus (WIV), recombinant protein, mRNA, and nanoparticle vaccines. To elucidate the cellular mechanisms underl…
View article: The histone lysine methyltransferase MLL1 regulates the activation and functional specialization of regulatory T cells
The histone lysine methyltransferase MLL1 regulates the activation and functional specialization of regulatory T cells Open
The activation and specialization of regulatory T cells (Tregs) are crucial for maintaining immune self-tolerance; however, the regulation of these processes by histone modifications is not fully understood. Here, we show that T cell-speci…
View article: Antiviral memory B cells exhibit enhanced innate immune response facilitated by epigenetic memory
Antiviral memory B cells exhibit enhanced innate immune response facilitated by epigenetic memory Open
The long-lasting humoral immunity induced by viral infections or vaccinations depends on memory B cells with greatly increased affinity to viral antigens, which are evolved from germinal center (GC) responses. However, it is unclear whethe…
View article: NADPH oxidase exerts a B cell–intrinsic contribution to lupus risk by modulating endosomal TLR signals
NADPH oxidase exerts a B cell–intrinsic contribution to lupus risk by modulating endosomal TLR signals Open
Genome-wide association studies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have linked loss-of-function mutations in phagocytic NADPH oxidase complex (NOX2) genes, including NCF1 and NCF2, to disease pathogenesis. The prevailing model holds tha…
View article: Activated PI3Kδ specifically perturbs mouse Treg homeostasis and function leading to immune dysregulation
Activated PI3Kδ specifically perturbs mouse Treg homeostasis and function leading to immune dysregulation Open
Foxp3 + regulatory T cells (Treg) are required for maintaining immune tolerance and preventing systemic autoimmunity. PI3Kδ is required for normal Treg development and function. However, the impacts of dysregulated PI3Kδ signaling on Treg …
View article: The splicing isoform Foxp3Δ2 differentially regulates tTreg and pTreg homeostasis
The splicing isoform Foxp3Δ2 differentially regulates tTreg and pTreg homeostasis Open
Foxp3 is the master transcription factor for regulatory T cells (Tregs). Alternative splicing of human Foxp3 results in the expression of two isoforms: the full length and an exon 2-deleted protein. Here, AlphaFold2 predictions and in vitr…
View article: B cell‐intrinsic TLR7 signaling is required for neutralizing antibody responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 and pathogen‐like COVID‐19 vaccines
B cell‐intrinsic TLR7 signaling is required for neutralizing antibody responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 and pathogen‐like COVID‐19 vaccines Open
Toll‐like receptor 7 (TLR7) triggers antiviral immune responses through its capacity to recognize single‐stranded RNA. TLR7 loss‐of‐function mutants are associated with life‐threatening pneumonia in severe COVID‐19 patients. Whereas TLR7‐d…
View article: The splicing isoform Foxp3Δ2 releases the autoinhibitory conformation and differentially regulates tTregs and pTregs homeostasis
The splicing isoform Foxp3Δ2 releases the autoinhibitory conformation and differentially regulates tTregs and pTregs homeostasis Open
Summary Foxp3 is the master transcription factor for the development and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). So far, little is known about whether the conformation change in Foxp3 could impact the Tregs biology. Alternative splicing of…
View article: Respiratory viral infections in the elderly: From the perspective of the aging immune system
Respiratory viral infections in the elderly: From the perspective of the aging immune system Open
The susceptibility of the elderly to respiratory viral infections and the challenges posed by an aging population necessitate imperative development of advanced preventive and therapeutic strategies for elderly individuals. The clinical ou…
View article: Apolipoprotein E mediates cell resistance to influenza virus infection
Apolipoprotein E mediates cell resistance to influenza virus infection Open
Viruses exploit host cell machinery to support their replication. Defining the cellular proteins and processes required for a virus during infection is crucial to understanding the mechanisms of virally induced disease and designing host-d…
View article: Dysregulation of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection with Delayed Viral Clearance
Dysregulation of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection with Delayed Viral Clearance Open
Asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2 is a major concern in the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. Many questions concerning asymptomatic infection remain to be answered, for example, what are the differences in infectivity and the immune …
View article: 1703 Activated PI3Kδ signals compromise plasma cell survival via limiting autophagy and increasing endoplasmic reticulum stress
1703 Activated PI3Kδ signals compromise plasma cell survival via limiting autophagy and increasing endoplasmic reticulum stress Open
Background Understanding key signals that control the differentiation, function, and survival of plasma cells (PCs) is critical for development of improved therapeutic approaches to attenuate pathogenic antibody responses in SLE. While pho…
View article: A pathogen-like antigen-based vaccine confers immune protection against SARS-CoV-2 in non-human primates
A pathogen-like antigen-based vaccine confers immune protection against SARS-CoV-2 in non-human primates Open
Activation of nucleic acid sensing Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in B cells is involved in antiviral responses by promoting B cell activation and germinal center responses. In order to take advantage of this natural pathway for vaccine develo…
View article: Activated PI3Kδ signals compromise plasma cell survival via limiting autophagy and increasing ER stress
Activated PI3Kδ signals compromise plasma cell survival via limiting autophagy and increasing ER stress Open
While phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase delta (PI3Kδ) plays a critical role in humoral immunity, the requirement for PI3Kδ signaling in plasma cells remains poorly understood. Here, we used a conditional mouse model of activated PI3Kδ syndrom…
View article: Homeostatic regulation of T follicular helper and antibody response to particle antigens by IL-1Ra of medullary sinus macrophage origin
Homeostatic regulation of T follicular helper and antibody response to particle antigens by IL-1Ra of medullary sinus macrophage origin Open
Significance Although the global hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination program has been overwhelmingly successful, it still carries 5% to 10% of nonresponders at risk for HBV infection. The key immunoregulatory factors preventing the desired…
View article: Metabolic defects in splenic B cell compartments from patients with liver cirrhosis
Metabolic defects in splenic B cell compartments from patients with liver cirrhosis Open
Liver cirrhosis is associated with defective vaccine responses and increased infections. Dysregulated B cell compartments in cirrhotic patients have been noticed but not well characterized, especially in the spleen. Here, we comprehensivel…
View article: Serine Phosphorylation of the STAT1 Transactivation Domain Promotes Autoreactive B Cell and Systemic Autoimmunity Development
Serine Phosphorylation of the STAT1 Transactivation Domain Promotes Autoreactive B Cell and Systemic Autoimmunity Development Open
Although STAT1 tyrosine-701 phosphorylation (designated STAT1-pY701) is indispensable for STAT1 function, the requirement for STAT1 serine-727 phosphorylation (designated STAT1-pS727) during systemic autoimmune and antipathogen responses r…
View article: Advent and rise of monoclonal antibodies
Advent and rise of monoclonal antibodies Open
In honor of this important historical event in scientific discovery, we present a historical overview and summary of mAb development and clinical use First, we briefly introduce the history of how the original mouse hybridoma technologies…
View article: Functional Characterization of CD11c+ Age-Associated B Cells as Memory B Cells
Functional Characterization of CD11c+ Age-Associated B Cells as Memory B Cells Open
Age-associated B cells (ABCs) are a unique subset of B cells defined by surface CD11b and CD11c expression. Although ABC expansion has been observed in both human and animal studies in the setting of advanced age, during humoral autoimmuni…
View article: Noc4L-Mediated Ribosome Biogenesis Controls Activation of Regulatory and Conventional T Cells
Noc4L-Mediated Ribosome Biogenesis Controls Activation of Regulatory and Conventional T Cells Open
Regulatory T cell (Treg) activation is crucial for maintaining self-tolerance, but the translational regulation of this process is still poorly understood. Although ribosome biogenesis is considered a housekeeping process, emerging evidenc…
View article: E-protein regulatory network links TCR signaling to effector Treg cell differentiation
E-protein regulatory network links TCR signaling to effector Treg cell differentiation Open
Significance Effector Treg cells comprise the subset of the Treg cell population that exhibits enhanced regulatory function. Whereas the induction and maintenance of this subset are known to depend on TCR signaling, the underlying molecula…