Balamurugan Mangaleswaran
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View article: Uncommon Presentation of Immunoglobulin G4-related Disease as Multiple Skull Lytic Lesions
Uncommon Presentation of Immunoglobulin G4-related Disease as Multiple Skull Lytic Lesions Open
Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) typically affects the pancreatobilliary system and the head and neck. When it involves the skull, most cases reported involvement of the skull base and dural structures. IgG4-RD presenting as mul…
View article: A Hidden Metastasis with a Bloomy Rind Sign: Carcinomatous Meningitis from Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma with Unusual Cranial Nerve Involvement
A Hidden Metastasis with a Bloomy Rind Sign: Carcinomatous Meningitis from Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma with Unusual Cranial Nerve Involvement Open
Carcinomatous meningitis, also known as leptomeningeal metastasis, is a rare and often under-recognized manifestation of advanced cancer. It occurs when malignant cells invade the leptomeningeal layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord…
View article: Holocord Syrinx Following Childhood Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury – A 25-year Delayed Presentation
Holocord Syrinx Following Childhood Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury – A 25-year Delayed Presentation Open
Holocord syringomyelia is a rare complication following spinal cord injury, characterized by a syrinx extending the entire length of the spinal cord. This case report presents a 45-year-old male who developed symptoms 25 years after a chil…
View article: Dorsal Myelopathy Due to Ossified Ligamentum Flavum: Institutional Experience of 47 Patients
Dorsal Myelopathy Due to Ossified Ligamentum Flavum: Institutional Experience of 47 Patients Open
Background: Thoracic myelopathy due to ossified ligamentum flavum (OLF) is a rare cause of spinal cord compression, accounting for less than 2% of spinal disorders. Patients typically present with progressive sensorimotor dysfunction and g…
View article: Efficacy of CyberKnife Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Treating Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Single-Institution Study
Efficacy of CyberKnife Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Treating Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Single-Institution Study Open
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a chronic facial pain disorder. While medications like analgesics and antiepileptics are first-line treatments, some patients may require surgical options like microvascular decompression or rhizotomies, which …
View article: Spinal Calcifying Pseudoneoplasm of the Neuraxis: A Rare and Benign Entity - A Case Report and Literature Review
Spinal Calcifying Pseudoneoplasm of the Neuraxis: A Rare and Benign Entity - A Case Report and Literature Review Open
Calcifying pseudoneoplasm of the neuraxis (CAPNON) is an uncommon, benign fibro-osseous lesion that can occur anywhere within the central nervous system. First described in 1978 by Rhodes and Davis, CAPNON has approximately 80 reported cas…
View article: Cervicothoracic Junction Disc Herniation: Case Series and Review of Literature
Cervicothoracic Junction Disc Herniation: Case Series and Review of Literature Open
Cervicothoracic junction disc herniations are rare. Degeneration at this level is rare due to the distinct biomechanical characteristics between the cervical spine and thoracic spine. In this article, we present three patients with a C7-T1…
View article: Chiari Malformation 1 with Syrinx? Do We Need to Fix It – Our Institutional Experience
Chiari Malformation 1 with Syrinx? Do We Need to Fix It – Our Institutional Experience Open
Background: Chiari malformation (CM) is a spectrum of disorders associated with impaired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation through the foramen magnum, often presenting with syringomyelia (SM). While foramen magnum decompression (FMD) i…
View article: Cauda Equina Cavernous Angioma
Cauda Equina Cavernous Angioma Open
Cavernous angiomas are rare vascular lesions, most occurring supratentorially, with spinal cavernomas being even rarer. They have a varied magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance which is usually not diagnostic. A 42-year-old man prese…
View article: Multiple Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion with PEEK Cage without Plating: Clinical Outcomes
Multiple Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion with PEEK Cage without Plating: Clinical Outcomes Open
Background: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion is a common procedure done to treat cervical disk disease. The role of plating in the treatment of multilevel disc disease in the absence of instability has been debated with some claimin…
View article: Endovascular Management of Ruptured Bilobed P2P - Posterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysm Presenting with Right Medial Temporal Hematoma
Endovascular Management of Ruptured Bilobed P2P - Posterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysm Presenting with Right Medial Temporal Hematoma Open
Posterior cerebral artery (PCA) aneurysms, particularly those in the distal PCA segments, are uncommon and present with diverse clinical manifestations, ranging from ruptures with diffuse subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) to incidental asympt…
View article: Efficacy of N-163 beta-glucan in beneficially improving biomarkers of relevance to muscle function in patients with muscular dystrophies in a pilot clinical study
Efficacy of N-163 beta-glucan in beneficially improving biomarkers of relevance to muscle function in patients with muscular dystrophies in a pilot clinical study Open
Background: Muscular dystrophies other than Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are genetic diseases characterized by increasing muscle weakness, loss of ambulation, and ultimately cardiac and respiratory failure. There are currently no effe…
View article: Spontaneous Cervical Intradural Disc Herniation with Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak
Spontaneous Cervical Intradural Disc Herniation with Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Open
Cervical intradural disc herniation is a rare entity with only very few cases reported in the literature. Here, we discuss one such case of C6–C7 intradural disc herniation with neck pain and left-hand weakness. Fusion was not done, and a …
View article: Intradural Extramedullary IgG4-related Disease of the Dorsal Spine
Intradural Extramedullary IgG4-related Disease of the Dorsal Spine Open
Spinal intradural extramedullary IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a rare entity with <20 cases reported in the literature. Here, we discuss one such case of intradural extramedullary IgG4-RD of the dorsal spine who presented to us with pa…
View article: Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension Due to CSF Leak at Multiple Spinal Levels—A Case Report and Literature Review
Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension Due to CSF Leak at Multiple Spinal Levels—A Case Report and Literature Review Open
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a misdiagnosed condition characterized by low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume and an orthostatic headache that worsens with upright posture due to CSF leak at spinal dural defects. SIH due to …
View article: Efficacy of N-163 beta-glucan in beneficially improving biomarkers of relevance to muscle function in patients with muscular dystrophies in a pilot clinical study.
Efficacy of N-163 beta-glucan in beneficially improving biomarkers of relevance to muscle function in patients with muscular dystrophies in a pilot clinical study. Open
This study has proven the safety of Neu REFIX beta-glucan food supplement and its efficacy in improving both plasma biomarkers and functional parameters of muscle in a short duration of 2 months. Further validation by evaluation of muscle …
View article: Post-Traumatic holocord syrinx – A case report and review of literature
Post-Traumatic holocord syrinx – A case report and review of literature Open
Posttraumatic holocord syrinx is a rare entity with only few cases reported in the literature. We hereby discuss one such case of posttraumatic holocord syrinx presented to us with features of compressive myelopathy and bladder dysfunction…
View article: Improvement of sleep and melatonin in children with autism spectrum disorder after β‐1,3/1,6‐glucan consumption: An open‐label prospective pilot clinical study
Improvement of sleep and melatonin in children with autism spectrum disorder after β‐1,3/1,6‐glucan consumption: An open‐label prospective pilot clinical study Open
Introduction Poor sleep quality is a major problem in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and is attributed to low melatonin levels. Melatonin supplementation is recommended; however, its effectiveness varies. β‐Glucans have prev…
View article: Pituicytoma: A Report of Two Cases and Literature Review
Pituicytoma: A Report of Two Cases and Literature Review Open
Introduction Pituicytoma is a rare form of primary benign tumor of the neurohypophysis and infundibulum. There have been 140 reported cases in world literature that could be found in our search. Here we discuss about the presentation, radi…
View article: Exosomal PTEN as a Predictive Marker of Aggressive Gliomas
Exosomal PTEN as a Predictive Marker of Aggressive Gliomas Open
Background: Liquid biopsies have emerged as convenient alternative diagnostic methods to invasive biopsies, by evaluating disease-specific biomarkers and monitoring the disease risk noninvasively. Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted in …
View article: Improvement of sleep patterns and serum melatonin levels in children with autism spectrum disorders after consumption of beta-1,3/1,6-glucan in a pilot clinical study
Improvement of sleep patterns and serum melatonin levels in children with autism spectrum disorders after consumption of beta-1,3/1,6-glucan in a pilot clinical study Open
Study objectives: Poor sleep quality is a major problem that patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) face, which is attributed to their low melatonin levels. Melatonin supplementation is recommended, but its effectiveness is varied. …
View article: Cerebral phaeohyphomycosis: Importance of early diagnosis and management
Cerebral phaeohyphomycosis: Importance of early diagnosis and management Open
Introduction: Phaeohyphomycosis is an infection caused by dematiaceous or pigmented filamentous fungi, which contain melanin in their cell walls. These fungal organisms are neurotropic and are reported to cause cerebral abscesses regardles…
View article: “Mickey Mouse head aneurysms†- kissing aneurysms of the distal anterior cerebral artery: a case report and literature review
“Mickey Mouse head aneurysms†- kissing aneurysms of the distal anterior cerebral artery: a case report and literature review Open
Background: When two or more adjacent intracranial aneurysms arises from same or different arteries with separate origins and partially adherent walls is referred as “Kissing aneurysmâ€. These are rare aneurysms1. Among different locat…
View article: Jugular foramen lesion diagnostic dilemma – schwannoma or paraganglioma: A case report
Jugular foramen lesion diagnostic dilemma – schwannoma or paraganglioma: A case report Open
Introduction: Various anomalies occure in the jugular foramen. The most common lesion within the jugular foramen is the hypervascular glomus jugulare tumour followed by neurogenic tumors, predominantly schwannoma. Jugular foramen schwannom…
View article: Delay in adjuvant chemoradiation impacts survival outcome in glioblastoma multiforme patients
Delay in adjuvant chemoradiation impacts survival outcome in glioblastoma multiforme patients Open
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the commonest primary brain malignant tumor eludes a cure. The median overall survival (OS) continues to be a dismal 14 months with current standard of care which is ...
View article: A plenary review of halitosis
A plenary review of halitosis Open
Halitosis is any noxious smell arising from the oral cavity when breathing or speaking. Breath malodor is a condition that have health and social implications. The origin of oral malodor are caused by both systemic and oral conditions. Ora…
View article: Current updates on idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus
Current updates on idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus Open
Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is one of the neurodegenerative diseases which can be treated surgically with favorable outcome. The gait disturbance, cognitive, and urinary symptoms are known as the clinical triad of iNPH.…