Balasubramaniyan Vairappan
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View article: Elevated circulating pregnane X receptor as a novel diagnostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma
Elevated circulating pregnane X receptor as a novel diagnostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma Open
Aim: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a significant global health threat. The pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a central regulator of xenobiotic metabolism and plays a key role in mediating cellular resistance to anti-tumor drugs in HCC. I…
View article: The role of medicinal plants in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma and its metastasis
The role of medicinal plants in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma and its metastasis Open
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks as the sixth most diagnosed cancer and the third most common cancer-related death globally. The underlying precise molecular mechanisms for its progression remain poorly understood. Interestingly, appro…
View article: Zonula occludens 1 as a novel biomarker in decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis with hepatorenal syndrome
Zonula occludens 1 as a novel biomarker in decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis with hepatorenal syndrome Open
Aim: Our previous study provided evidence that systemic zonula occludens (ZO) 1 levels are elevated in cirrhotic and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Here, we aimed to evaluate serum ZO-1 levels in patients with decompensated alcoh…
View article: Utility of Serum Prolactin Levels as a Marker for Disease Severity and Short-term Prognosis in Patients with Cirrhosis: A Prospective Observational Study
Utility of Serum Prolactin Levels as a Marker for Disease Severity and Short-term Prognosis in Patients with Cirrhosis: A Prospective Observational Study Open
Singh R, Ramadoss R, Mohan P, Vairappan B. Utility of Serum Prolactin Levels as a Marker for Disease Severity and Short-term Prognosis in Patients with Cirrhosis: A Prospective Observational Study. Indian J Crit Care Med 2025;29(3):244-250.
View article: Comparison of dexmedetomidine versus fentanyl-based total intravenous anesthesia technique on the requirement of propofol, brain relaxation, intracranial pressure, neuronal injury, and hemodynamic parameters in patients with acute traumatic subdural hematoma undergoing emergency craniotomy: A randomized controlled trial
Comparison of dexmedetomidine versus fentanyl-based total intravenous anesthesia technique on the requirement of propofol, brain relaxation, intracranial pressure, neuronal injury, and hemodynamic parameters in patients with acute traumatic subdural hematoma undergoing emergency craniotomy: A randomized controlled trial Open
Background: Propofol is one of the most used intravenous anesthetic agents in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients undergoing emergency neurosurgical procedures. Despite being efficacious, its administration is associated with dose-relate…
View article: Agreement between equation‐derived body fat estimator and bioelectrical impedance analysis for body fat measurement in middle‐aged southern Indians
Agreement between equation‐derived body fat estimator and bioelectrical impedance analysis for body fat measurement in middle‐aged southern Indians Open
Excess body fat (BF) contributes to metabolic syndrome (MetS). The Clínica Universidad de Navarra—Body Adiposity Estimator (CUN‐BAE) is an equation‐derived body fat estimator proposed to assess BF. However, its efficiency compared to the s…
View article: Unveiling molecular clues: Exploring IFNγ, IL-10, and MMP7 blood levels in gastric carcinoma patients
Unveiling molecular clues: Exploring IFNγ, IL-10, and MMP7 blood levels in gastric carcinoma patients Open
Objective: Gastric carcinoma is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early detection can help reduce mortality rates. Biomarkers are being investigated globally for their potential in disease screening, monitoring, and fol…
View article: Deciphering the cross-talk between miRNA and tight junctions in hepatocellular carcinoma
Deciphering the cross-talk between miRNA and tight junctions in hepatocellular carcinoma Open
The most common type of liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) causes a lower survival rate even after systemic treatment. Previous studies have shown evidence that various molecular and epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the tr…
View article: NOSTRIN is an emerging negative regulator of decompensated cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension
NOSTRIN is an emerging negative regulator of decompensated cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension Open
Background and aims: Decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability in a cirrhotic liver contributes to high intrahepatic vascular resistance (IHVR) and portal hypertension (PHT). Nostrin is an inhibitory protein of NO synthesising enzyme end…
View article: Comparison of the efficacy of 0.9% normal saline with balanced crystalloid (Plasmalyte) in maintaining the metabolic profile in head injury patients undergoing evacuation of acute subdural haematoma – A randomised controlled trial
Comparison of the efficacy of 0.9% normal saline with balanced crystalloid (Plasmalyte) in maintaining the metabolic profile in head injury patients undergoing evacuation of acute subdural haematoma – A randomised controlled trial Open
Background and Aims: The choice of intravenous fluids is important in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), where large volumes may be required for resuscitation. Our study aimed to compare 0.9% normal saline (NS) with balanced cryst…
View article: Unraveling Proto-Oncogene (ErbB2) Expression in Patients With Carcinoma Head of Pancreas and Chronic Pancreatitis Patients: A Case-Control Study
Unraveling Proto-Oncogene (ErbB2) Expression in Patients With Carcinoma Head of Pancreas and Chronic Pancreatitis Patients: A Case-Control Study Open
Background The pre-malignant tendency of the normal, non-affected portion of the pancreas is not as well explored as the multicentricity documented in pancreatic cancer cases. In order to ascertain the expression of inflammatory markers an…
View article: Serum Levels of Netrin-4 and Its Association With Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Results From a Case-Control Study
Serum Levels of Netrin-4 and Its Association With Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Results From a Case-Control Study Open
Low levels of NTN4 were associated with increased tumor aggressiveness and metastasis in HCC. Estimation of circulating NTN4 has prognostic value as a minimally invasive biomarker in HCC. Future studies might shed the role of NTN4 in the d…
View article: Placental expression of striatin & endothelial nitric oxide synthase in women with & without pre-eclampsia
Placental expression of striatin & endothelial nitric oxide synthase in women with & without pre-eclampsia Open
Background & objectives: Striatin is a multi-domain scaffolding protein essential for activating endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). However, its role in pre-eclampsia remains use explored. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the …
View article: Incidence, Diagnosis, and Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Perspectives and Future Direction
Incidence, Diagnosis, and Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Perspectives and Future Direction Open
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, and due to substantial morbidity and mortality, has proven a significant global health-economic burden.Treatment options are broad and include surgical approach…
View article: Correlation of Acute Inflammatory Markers with Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Chronic Pancreatitis: A Cross-sectional Study
Correlation of Acute Inflammatory Markers with Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Chronic Pancreatitis: A Cross-sectional Study Open
Introduction: Chronic Pancreatitis (CP) is a long-standing inflammation of the pancreas that presents as episodes of acute inflammation or chronic damage, leading to alterations in the organ’s normal structure and function. Numerous studie…
View article: Association between metabolic syndrome components and cardiac autonomic modulation in southern Indian adults with pre-metabolic syndrome: hyperglycemia is the major contributing factor
Association between metabolic syndrome components and cardiac autonomic modulation in southern Indian adults with pre-metabolic syndrome: hyperglycemia is the major contributing factor Open
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) involves multi-factorial conditions linked to an elevated risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Pre-metabolic syndrome (pre-MetS) possesses two MetS components but does not meet the MetS dia…
View article: Role of zonula occludens in gastrointestinal and liver cancers
Role of zonula occludens in gastrointestinal and liver cancers Open
A growing body of evidence suggests that tight junction (TJ) proteins play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including gastrointestinal (GI) cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). TJ proteins primarily maintain th…
View article: Response: Cut-off Values and Clinical Utility of Surrogate Markers for Insulin Resistance and Beta-Cell Function to Identify Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components among Southern Indian Adults (J Obes Metab Syndr 2020;29:281-91)
Response: Cut-off Values and Clinical Utility of Surrogate Markers for Insulin Resistance and Beta-Cell Function to Identify Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components among Southern Indian Adults (J Obes Metab Syndr 2020;29:281-91) Open
Background : One-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is a simpler procedure than Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB); however, biliary reflux can occur and impair outcomes. This study aimed to compare outcomes of OAGB and RYGB. Methods : Twenty …
View article: Prevalence and determinants of sarcopenia in Indian patients with chronic kidney disease stage 3 & 4
Prevalence and determinants of sarcopenia in Indian patients with chronic kidney disease stage 3 & 4 Open
View article: Seasonal Changes in Kidney Function in CKD of Uncertain Etiology
Seasonal Changes in Kidney Function in CKD of Uncertain Etiology Open
View article: Cut-off values and clinical efficacy of body roundness index and other novel anthropometric indices in identifying metabolic syndrome and its components among Southern-Indian adults
Cut-off values and clinical efficacy of body roundness index and other novel anthropometric indices in identifying metabolic syndrome and its components among Southern-Indian adults Open
View article: Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: Physiopathological Mechanism and Clinical Manifestations
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: Physiopathological Mechanism and Clinical Manifestations Open
Changes in intestinal permeability have been determined to influence secondary inflammatory reactions and clinical manifestations such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) secondary to cirrhosis. As of yet, no in-depth exploration of…
View article: Nimbolide inhibits tumor growth by restoring hepatic tight junction protein expression and reduced inflammation in an experimental hepatocarcinogenesis
Nimbolide inhibits tumor growth by restoring hepatic tight junction protein expression and reduced inflammation in an experimental hepatocarcinogenesis Open
Our current study showed for the first time that nimbolide exhibits anticancer effect by reducing tumor size, tumor burden and by suppressing cell cycle progression in HCC mice. Furthermore, nimbolide treatment to HCC mice ameliorated infl…
View article: Cut-off Values and Clinical Utility of Surrogate Markers for Insulin Resistance and Beta-Cell Function to Identify Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components among Southern Indian Adults
Cut-off Values and Clinical Utility of Surrogate Markers for Insulin Resistance and Beta-Cell Function to Identify Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components among Southern Indian Adults Open
BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance (IR) is a collective clinical entity that exacerbates metabolic syndrome (MetS). As the gold-standard test to quantify IR involves intravenous insulin loading and repeated blood glucose monitoring, many indic…
View article: Impaired baroreflex sensitivity and cardiac autonomic functions are associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors among patients with metabolic syndrome in a tertiary care teaching hospital of South-India
Impaired baroreflex sensitivity and cardiac autonomic functions are associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors among patients with metabolic syndrome in a tertiary care teaching hospital of South-India Open
View article: Changes in the levels of comet parameters before and after fluoxetine therapy in major depression patients
Changes in the levels of comet parameters before and after fluoxetine therapy in major depression patients Open
Major depression belongs to mood disorders and characterized by worthlessness, no interest or happiness in any activity; lasting for atleast two weeks. Etio-pathological changes of major depression include oxidative stress leading to free …
View article: Microbiota, Inflammation, and Gut Barrier Dysfunction in HCC
Microbiota, Inflammation, and Gut Barrier Dysfunction in HCC Open
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which represents 90% of all primary liver cancers, is the fifth most common cancer and the third cause of cancer mortality rate. It is a complex disease with a poor prognosis. Incidence and mortality rates a…
View article: Increased systemic zonula occludens 1 associated with inflammation and independent biomarker in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Increased systemic zonula occludens 1 associated with inflammation and independent biomarker in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma Open
Our findings show for the first time that the systemic concentration of ZO-1 was significantly elevated in HCC patients and is positively correlated with inflammatory markers. Thus, the current study showing evidence that inflammation prom…
View article: Renal ammonia metabolism in liver diseases
Renal ammonia metabolism in liver diseases Open
View article: Role of pregnane X-receptor in regulating bacterial translocation in chronic liver diseases
Role of pregnane X-receptor in regulating bacterial translocation in chronic liver diseases Open
Bacterial translocation (BT) has been impeccably implicated as a driving factor in the pathogenesis of a spectrum of chronic liver diseases (CLD). Scientific evidence accumulated over the last four decades has implied that the disease path…