Barry A. Spiering
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View article: Model for Musculoskeletal Injury Risk Factors Among US Army Basic Combat Trainees
Model for Musculoskeletal Injury Risk Factors Among US Army Basic Combat Trainees Open
Importance Musculoskeletal injuries (MSKIs) are pervasive problems in novice training environments. Evaluation of modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors of MSKI risk prior to entry into these environments is largely understudied. Object…
View article: Science behind policy: implementing a modern circumference-based body fat equation with a physical fitness threshold is associated with lower musculoskeletal injury risk
Science behind policy: implementing a modern circumference-based body fat equation with a physical fitness threshold is associated with lower musculoskeletal injury risk Open
Background Body composition influences physical fitness (PF) and risk of musculoskeletal injury (MSKI). Assessing the relationship between body fat (BF), PF and MSKI risk in a large diverse military population may provide evidence basis in…
View article: Science behind policy: Implementing a modern circumference-based body fat equation with a physical fitness threshold is associated with lower musculoskeletal injury risk
Science behind policy: Implementing a modern circumference-based body fat equation with a physical fitness threshold is associated with lower musculoskeletal injury risk Open
Background: Body composition influences physical fitness (PF) and risk of musculoskeletal injury (MSKI). Assessing the relationship between body fat (BF), PF and MSKI risk in a large diverse military population may provide evidence basis i…
View article: ‘Super boots’ for soldiers: theoretical ergogenic and thermoprotective benefits of energetically optimised military combat boots
‘Super boots’ for soldiers: theoretical ergogenic and thermoprotective benefits of energetically optimised military combat boots Open
Soldiers typically perform physically demanding tasks while wearing military uniforms and tactical footwear. New research has revealed a substantial increase of ~10% in energetic cost of walking when wearing modern combat boots versus runn…
View article: Effects of Bed Rest on Physical Performance in Athletes: A Systematic and Narrative Review
Effects of Bed Rest on Physical Performance in Athletes: A Systematic and Narrative Review Open
View article: Body composition changes during 8 weeks of military training are not accurately captured by circumference-based assessments
Body composition changes during 8 weeks of military training are not accurately captured by circumference-based assessments Open
In 1981, the US military adopted body fat standards to promote physical readiness and prevent obesity. Separate circumference-based equations were developed for women and men. Both predictive equations were known to underestimate %BF. Howe…
View article: Changes in Distal Tibial Microarchitecture During Eight Weeks of U.S. Army Basic Combat Training Differ by Sex and Race
Changes in Distal Tibial Microarchitecture During Eight Weeks of U.S. Army Basic Combat Training Differ by Sex and Race Open
Basic combat training (BCT) is a physically rigorous period at the beginning of a soldier's career that induces bone formation in the tibia. Race and sex are determinants of bone properties in young adults but their influences on changes i…
View article: Deployment-Related Decline in Physical Fitness Increases Risk of Injury in U.S. Army Soldiers
Deployment-Related Decline in Physical Fitness Increases Risk of Injury in U.S. Army Soldiers Open
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Aerobic performance had been shown to decline during military deployment. Low levels of cardiorespiratory and muscular endurance may increase injury risk. We evaluated whether deployment-related declines in cardiorespir…
View article: Physical and Physiological Characterization of Female Elite Warfighters
Physical and Physiological Characterization of Female Elite Warfighters Open
Introduction This study characterized a sample of the first women to complete elite United States (US) military training. Methods Twelve female graduates of the US Army Ranger Course and one of the first Marine Corps Infantry Officers Cour…
View article: US Army basic combat training alters the relationship between body mass index and per cent body fat
US Army basic combat training alters the relationship between body mass index and per cent body fat Open
Introduction/background As a proxy for adiposity, body mass index (BMI) provides a practical public health metric to counter obesity-related disease trends. On an individual basis, BMI cannot distinguish fat and lean components of body com…
View article: Comparison of Different Variants of the U.S. Army Occupational Physical Assessment Test
Comparison of Different Variants of the U.S. Army Occupational Physical Assessment Test Open
Introduction The U.S. Army Occupational Physical Assessment Test (OPAT) is a pre-enlistment physical employment screening assessment developed to place recruits and soldiers into Military Occupational Specialties (MOSs) based on their phys…
View article: Acylcarnitine Concentrations Are Increased in Response to an Extended Energy Deficit, but Return to Normal Following Recovery in Tactical Military Personnel
Acylcarnitine Concentrations Are Increased in Response to an Extended Energy Deficit, but Return to Normal Following Recovery in Tactical Military Personnel Open
OBJECTIVES: Tactical military personnel regularly undergo training and operations that place them under extreme physical and psychological stress. Severe negative energy balance is one stressor that occurs due to prolonged and strenuous ph…