Benjamin Calvin
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View article: Dynamical Architectures of S-type Transiting Planets in Binaries II: A Dichotomy in Orbital Alignment of Small Planets in Close Binary Systems
Dynamical Architectures of S-type Transiting Planets in Binaries II: A Dichotomy in Orbital Alignment of Small Planets in Close Binary Systems Open
Stellar multiplicity plays a crucial role in shaping planet formation and dynamical evolution. We present a survey of 54 TESS Objects of Interest (TOIs) within 300 pc that exhibit significant Hipparcos-Gaia astrometric accelerations. We id…
View article: The Watery Atmosphere of HD 209458 b Revealed by Joint <i>K</i> - and <i>L</i> -band High-resolution Spectroscopy
The Watery Atmosphere of HD 209458 b Revealed by Joint <i>K</i> - and <i>L</i> -band High-resolution Spectroscopy Open
We present a joint analysis of high-resolution K - and L -band observations of the benchmark hot Jupiter HD 209458 b from the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer. One half-night of observations was obtained in each bandpass, covering simi…
View article: Water Dissociation and Rotational Broadening in the Atmosphere of KELT-20 b from High-resolution Spectroscopy
Water Dissociation and Rotational Broadening in the Atmosphere of KELT-20 b from High-resolution Spectroscopy Open
We present atmospheric retrievals from Keck/KPIC Phase II observations of the ultrahot Jupiter (UHJ) KELT-20/MASCARA-2 b. Previous free retrievals of molecular abundances for UHJs have been impacted by significant model biases due to varia…
View article: The Simultaneous Operation of a Controllable Segmented Primary Mirror and Single Conjugate Adaptive Optics System part 2 -- Simulated Operation
The Simultaneous Operation of a Controllable Segmented Primary Mirror and Single Conjugate Adaptive Optics System part 2 -- Simulated Operation Open
There are scientific and technological needs to improve the co-phasing of the primary mirrors of segmented telescopes. We have developed a methodology for using the wavefront sensor of an adaptive optics (AO) system to disentangle the phas…
View article: Water dissociation and rotational broadening in the atmosphere of KELT-20 b from high-resolution spectroscopy
Water dissociation and rotational broadening in the atmosphere of KELT-20 b from high-resolution spectroscopy Open
We present atmospheric retrievals from Keck/KPIC phase II observations of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-20/MASCARA-2~b. Previous free retrievals of molecular abundances for ultra-hot Jupiters have been impacted by significant model biases due…
View article: The Simultaneous Operation of a Controllable Segmented Primary Mirror and Single Conjugate Adaptive Optics System part 1 -- Design Concept and Sensitivity Analysis
The Simultaneous Operation of a Controllable Segmented Primary Mirror and Single Conjugate Adaptive Optics System part 1 -- Design Concept and Sensitivity Analysis Open
The maintenance of primary mirror segment co-phasing is a critical aspect to the operation of segmented telescopes. However, speckle-based measurements of the phasing of the Keck primary have estimated semi-static surface aberrations of ap…
View article: HD 206893 B at High Spectral Resolution with the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer
HD 206893 B at High Spectral Resolution with the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer Open
We present an atmospheric characterization and orbital analysis of HD 206893 B, an exceptionally red, L/T-transition substellar companion in a multiplanetary system, via Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) high-resolution ( R ∼ 35,…
View article: Technical description and performance of the phase II version of the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer
Technical description and performance of the phase II version of the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer Open
The Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) is a series of upgrades for the Keck II Adaptive Optics (AO) system and the NIRSPEC spectrograph to enable diffraction limited, high resolution (R>30000) spectroscopy of exoplanets and low ma…
View article: HD 206893 B at High Spectral Resolution with the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC)
HD 206893 B at High Spectral Resolution with the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) Open
We present an atmospheric characterization and orbital analysis of HD 206893 B, an exceptionally red, L/T-transition substellar companion in a multiplanetary system, via Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) high-resolution (R $\sim$…
View article: PDS 70b Shows Stellar-like Carbon-to-oxygen Ratio
PDS 70b Shows Stellar-like Carbon-to-oxygen Ratio Open
The ~5 Myr PDS 70 is the only known system with protoplanets residing in the cavity of the circumstellar disk from which they formed, ideal for studying exoplanet formation and evolution within its natal environment. Here, we report the fi…
View article: True mass and atmospheric composition of the non-transiting hot Jupiter HD 143105 b
True mass and atmospheric composition of the non-transiting hot Jupiter HD 143105 b Open
We present Keck/KPIC phase II $K$-band observations of the non-transiting hot Jupiter HD 143105 b. Using a cross-correlation approach, we make the first detection of the planetary atmosphere at $K_p = 185^{+11}_{-13}\rm km\ s^{-1}$ and an …
View article: RV Measurements of Directly Imaged Brown Dwarf GQ Lup B to Search for Exosatellites
RV Measurements of Directly Imaged Brown Dwarf GQ Lup B to Search for Exosatellites Open
GQ Lup B is one of the few substellar companions with a detected cicumplanetary disk (CPD). Observations of the CPD suggest the presence of a cavity, possibly formed by an exosatellite. Using the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC)…
View article: κ Andromedae b Is a Fast Rotator from KPIC High-resolution Spectroscopy
κ Andromedae b Is a Fast Rotator from KPIC High-resolution Spectroscopy Open
We used the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer to obtain high-resolution ( R ∼ 35,000) K -band spectra of κ Andromedae b, a planetary-mass companion orbiting the B9V star, κ Andromedae A. We characterized its spin, radial velocity, and b…
View article: Atmospheric Characterization of the Super-Jupiter HIP 99770 b with KPIC
Atmospheric Characterization of the Super-Jupiter HIP 99770 b with KPIC Open
Young, self-luminous super-Jovian companions discovered by direct imaging provide a challenging test for planet formation and evolution theories. By spectroscopically characterizing the atmospheric compositions of these super-Jupiters, we …
View article: RV measurements of directly imaged brown dwarf GQ Lup B to search for exo-satellites
RV measurements of directly imaged brown dwarf GQ Lup B to search for exo-satellites Open
GQ Lup B is one of the few substellar companions with a detected cicumplanetary disk, or CPD. Observations of the CPD suggest the presence of a cavity, possibly formed by an exo-satellite. Using the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KP…
View article: A Survey of Protoplanetary Disks Using the Keck/NIRC2 Vortex Coronagraph
A Survey of Protoplanetary Disks Using the Keck/NIRC2 Vortex Coronagraph Open
Recent Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of protoplanetary disks in the millimeter continuum have shown a variety of radial gaps, cavities, and spiral features. These substructures may be signposts for ongoin…
View article: Rotation and Abundances of the Benchmark Brown Dwarf HD 33632 Ab from Keck/KPIC High-resolution Spectroscopy
Rotation and Abundances of the Benchmark Brown Dwarf HD 33632 Ab from Keck/KPIC High-resolution Spectroscopy Open
We present the projected rotational velocity and molecular abundances for HD 33632 Ab obtained via Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) high-resolution spectroscopy. HD 33632 Ab is a nearby benchmark brown dwarf companion at a separ…
View article: A Survey of Protoplanetary Disks Using the Keck/NIRC2 Vortex Coronagraph
A Survey of Protoplanetary Disks Using the Keck/NIRC2 Vortex Coronagraph Open
Recent Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of protoplanetary disks in the millimeter continuum have shown a variety of radial gaps, cavities, and spiral features. These substructures may be signposts for ongoin…
View article: Are These Planets or Brown Dwarfs? Broadly Solar Compositions from High-resolution Atmospheric Retrievals of ∼10–30 M <sub>Jup</sub> Companions
Are These Planets or Brown Dwarfs? Broadly Solar Compositions from High-resolution Atmospheric Retrievals of ∼10–30 M <sub>Jup</sub> Companions Open
Using Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer high-resolution ( R ∼ 35,000) spectroscopy from 2.29 to 2.49 μ m, we present uniform atmospheric retrievals for eight young substellar companions with masses of ∼10–30 M Jup , orbital separations …
View article: The high-contrast performance of the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer
The high-contrast performance of the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer Open
The Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC), a series of upgrades to the Keck II Adaptive Optics System and Instrument Suite, aims to demonstrate high-resolution spectroscopy of faint exoplanets that are spatially resolved from their h…
View article: Fringing analysis and forward modeling of Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) spectra
Fringing analysis and forward modeling of Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) spectra Open
The Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) combines high contrast imaging with high resolution spectroscopy (R~35,000 in K band) to study directly imaged exoplanets and brown dwarfs in unprecedented detail. KPIC aims to spectrally cha…
View article: Orbital and Atmospheric Characterization of the 1RXS J034231.8+121622 System using High-resolution Spectroscopy Confirms that the Companion is a Low-mass Star
Orbital and Atmospheric Characterization of the 1RXS J034231.8+121622 System using High-resolution Spectroscopy Confirms that the Companion is a Low-mass Star Open
The 1RXS J034231.8+121622 system consists of an M dwarf primary and a directly imaged low-mass stellar companion. We use high-resolution spectroscopic data from Keck/KPIC to estimate the objects' atmospheric parameters and radial velocitie…
View article: Are these planets or brown dwarfs? Broadly solar compositions from high-resolution atmospheric retrievals of ~10-30 $M_\textrm{Jup}$ companions
Are these planets or brown dwarfs? Broadly solar compositions from high-resolution atmospheric retrievals of ~10-30 $M_\textrm{Jup}$ companions Open
Using Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) high-resolution ($R$~35000) spectroscopy from 2.29-2.49 $μ$m, we present uniform atmospheric retrievals for eight young substellar companions with masses of ~10-30 $M_\textrm{Jup}$, orbital…
View article: kappa And b is a fast rotator from KPIC High Resolution Spectroscopy
kappa And b is a fast rotator from KPIC High Resolution Spectroscopy Open
We used the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) to obtain high-resolution (R$\sim$35,000) K-band spectra of kappa Andromedae b, a planetary-mass companion orbiting the B9V star, kappa Andromedae A. We characterized its spin, radial…
View article: Fresh view of the hot brown dwarf HD 984 B through high-resolution spectroscopy
Fresh view of the hot brown dwarf HD 984 B through high-resolution spectroscopy Open
Context. High-resolution spectroscopy has the potential to drive a better understanding of the atmospheric composition, physics, and dynamics of young exoplanets and brown dwarfs, bringing clear insights into the formation channel of indiv…
View article: Orbital and Atmospheric Characterization of the 1RXS J034231.8+121622 System Using High-Resolution Spectroscopy Confirms That The Companion is a Low-Mass Star
Orbital and Atmospheric Characterization of the 1RXS J034231.8+121622 System Using High-Resolution Spectroscopy Confirms That The Companion is a Low-Mass Star Open
The 1RXS J034231.8+121622 system consists of an M dwarf primary and a directly imaged low-mass stellar companion. We use high resolution spectroscopic data from Keck/KPIC to estimate the objects' atmospheric parameters and radial velocitie…
View article: Vortex Fiber Nulling for Exoplanet Observations: First Direct Detection of M Dwarf Companions around HIP 21543, HIP 94666, and HIP 50319
Vortex Fiber Nulling for Exoplanet Observations: First Direct Detection of M Dwarf Companions around HIP 21543, HIP 94666, and HIP 50319 Open
Vortex fiber nulling (VFN) is a technique for detecting and characterizing faint companions at small separations from their host star. A near-infrared (∼2.3 μ m) VFN demonstrator mode was deployed on the Keck Planet Imager and Characterize…