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View article: Polarization and state legislative elections
Polarization and state legislative elections Open
US state legislatures are critical policymaking institutions that are increasingly polarized, yet data and measurement limitations have prevented researchers from understanding how state legislative elections contribute to this polarizatio…
View article: Combatant Command Medical Entry Standards
Combatant Command Medical Entry Standards Open
Introduction The medical entry standards for the United States Central Command (USCENTCOM) restrict individuals with various medical conditions from entering the deployed environment. The impact of this program is unknown. Materials and Me…
View article: Effectiveness of In-Theater Mental Health Assessments
Effectiveness of In-Theater Mental Health Assessments Open
Introduction The leading cause for medical evacuation from the U.S. Central Command area of responsibility is because of mental health conditions. The In-Theater Mental Health Assessment (ITMHA) is a DoD-required screening of deployed pers…
View article: Military Blood Supply and Distribution in USCENTCOM
Military Blood Supply and Distribution in USCENTCOM Open
In expeditionary environments, the consistent availability of blood for casualty care is imperative yet challenging. Responding to evidence and the specific needs of its expeditionary context, the US Central Command (USCENTCOM) prioritized…
View article: Incidence of Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempt Based on Time in a Deployed Environment
Incidence of Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempt Based on Time in a Deployed Environment Open
Introduction Knowing when suicidal ideation (SI) or suicide attempt (SA) is most likely to occur in a deployed environment would aid in focusing prevention efforts. This study aims to determine when evacuation for SA and SI is most likely …
View article: Aeromedical Evacuation, the Expeditionary Medicine Learning Curve, and the Peacetime Effect
Aeromedical Evacuation, the Expeditionary Medicine Learning Curve, and the Peacetime Effect Open
Introduction Organizational proficiency increases with experience, which is known as a learning curve. A theoretical peacetime effect occurs when knowledge and skills degrade during peacetime. In this study, the intertheater evacuation sys…
View article: Relative Risk of All-Cause Medical Evacuation for Behavioral Health Conditions in U.S. Central Command
Relative Risk of All-Cause Medical Evacuation for Behavioral Health Conditions in U.S. Central Command Open
Introduction Behavioral health disorders are the leading category of evacuations from the U.S. Central Command (USCENTCOM) area of responsibility. Understanding the relative risk of behavioral health conditions associated with all-cause ev…
View article: Differences in Disease Non-battle Injury Between Combatant Commands
Differences in Disease Non-battle Injury Between Combatant Commands Open
Introduction Disease and non-battle injury (DNBI) have historically been a major or primary medical burden in expeditionary military populations. The United States has multiple deployed populations conducting operations across the world. T…
View article: Surgical Capability Utilization Time for Military Casualties at Role 2 and Role 3 Facilities
Surgical Capability Utilization Time for Military Casualties at Role 2 and Role 3 Facilities Open
Introduction Operative capability utilization time for casualties is an important metric for trauma planning in the military. Operative capabilities can be a choke point resulting in multiple patients waiting for the asset to become availa…
View article: The Impact of the Maritime Deployment Cycle on the Surgeon’s Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities
The Impact of the Maritime Deployment Cycle on the Surgeon’s Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities Open
Introduction The U.S. Navy routinely deploys aircraft carriers and amphibious assault ships throughout the world in support of U.S. strategic interests, each with an embarked single surgeon team. Surgeons and their teams are required to pa…
View article: Ultrasound Derived Measurements Ability to Predict Max Aerobic Performance
Ultrasound Derived Measurements Ability to Predict Max Aerobic Performance Open
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between EI, CSA, and aerobic performance, and to develop a model to predict aerobic performance. Twenty aerobically trained participants had a panoramic ultrasound taken of their …
View article: Maintaining vascular trauma proficiency for military non-vascular surgeons
Maintaining vascular trauma proficiency for military non-vascular surgeons Open
Background Vascular injuries in combat casualty patients are common and remain an ongoing concern. In civilian trauma centers, vascular surgeons are frequently available to treat vascular injuries. Within the military, vascular surgeons ar…
View article: Ultrasound Derived Muscle Cross-Sectional Area and Echo Intensity is Unable to Detect Differences Among Acute Aerobic Exercise Bouts with Varying Duration and Intensity
Ultrasound Derived Muscle Cross-Sectional Area and Echo Intensity is Unable to Detect Differences Among Acute Aerobic Exercise Bouts with Varying Duration and Intensity Open
Research is currently utilizing ultrasound (US) imaging to evaluate acute muscle damage from exercise. Common derived US measurements to evaluate muscle damage are: image grey scale, commonly known as echo intensity (EI), and cross section…
View article: Validation of a predictive model for operative trauma experience to facilitate selection of trauma sustainment military–civilian partnerships
Validation of a predictive model for operative trauma experience to facilitate selection of trauma sustainment military–civilian partnerships Open
Background Trauma readiness is a Department of Defense requirement for military healthcare providers. Surgeons must maintain readiness to optimize surgical care on the battlefield and minimize preventable death. The objective of this study…
View article: Heterogeneity in Military Trauma Casualty Care
Heterogeneity in Military Trauma Casualty Care Open
Trauma teams can vary significantly in their efficiency in evaluating trauma patients. Whether this is clinically significant is currently debatable, but it highlights a possible readiness gap for deploying military personnel and the heter…
View article: Objective model to facilitate designation of military–civilian partnership hospitals for sustainment of military trauma readiness
Objective model to facilitate designation of military–civilian partnership hospitals for sustainment of military trauma readiness Open
Background A major dilemma of the military surgeon is the requirement for battlefield trauma expertise without regular exposure to a traumatically injured patient. To solve this problem, the military is partnering with civilian trauma cent…
View article: Is There a Difference in Hospital Stay between Patients undergoing Translabyrinthine or Retrosigmoid Surgery for Vestibular Schwannoma Stratified by Tumor Size?
Is There a Difference in Hospital Stay between Patients undergoing Translabyrinthine or Retrosigmoid Surgery for Vestibular Schwannoma Stratified by Tumor Size? Open
Objective To date, no European study has compared approach-specific outcome data in vestibular schwannoma (VS) surgery stratified by tumor size. We analyzed hospital length of stay (LOS), intensive therapy/high-dependency unit (ITU/HDU) LO…
View article: Frostbite and Immersion Foot Care
Frostbite and Immersion Foot Care Open
Historically, cold injury, hypothermia, and frostbite have been severe problems for military units on the battlefield. Kenneth D. Orr and David C. Fainer captured these difficulties in their book, Cold Injuries in Korea During Winter of 19…
View article: Exertional Rhabdomyolysis in an Austere Deployed Setting
Exertional Rhabdomyolysis in an Austere Deployed Setting Open
Management can be done at austere locations if certain labs and intravenous therapy are available and patients can be returned to normal duty quickly on the basis of symptom resolution.
View article: Advanced Trauma Life Support Time Standards
Advanced Trauma Life Support Time Standards Open
Using these mean times, simulations can be created to best replicate traumas and evaluate the capabilities of practitioners.
View article: Additional file 1: Table S1. of A novel Ruminococcus gnavus clade enriched in inflammatory bowel disease patients
Additional file 1: Table S1. of A novel Ruminococcus gnavus clade enriched in inflammatory bowel disease patients Open
Clinical metadata for samples collected at Massachusetts General Hospital. (XLSX 14 kb)
View article: Additional file 4: Table S4. of A novel Ruminococcus gnavus clade enriched in inflammatory bowel disease patients
Additional file 4: Table S4. of A novel Ruminococcus gnavus clade enriched in inflammatory bowel disease patients Open
Differentially abundant species during R. gnavus blooms. (XLSX 13 kb)
View article: Additional file 8: Table S7. of A novel Ruminococcus gnavus clade enriched in inflammatory bowel disease patients
Additional file 8: Table S7. of A novel Ruminococcus gnavus clade enriched in inflammatory bowel disease patients Open
Gene annotations of all 199 IBD-specific genes. (XLSX 15 kb)
View article: Additional file 3. Table S3. of A novel Ruminococcus gnavus clade enriched in inflammatory bowel disease patients
Additional file 3. Table S3. of A novel Ruminococcus gnavus clade enriched in inflammatory bowel disease patients Open
Differentially abundant species in IBD. Differentially abundant species in IBD patients compared to controls that are significant in both the LSS and Lewis et al. cohorts (qâ
View article: Additional file 2 Table S2. of A novel Ruminococcus gnavus clade enriched in inflammatory bowel disease patients
Additional file 2 Table S2. of A novel Ruminococcus gnavus clade enriched in inflammatory bowel disease patients Open
List of genera binned by aerotolerance. (XLSX 9 kb)
View article: Additional file 7: Table S6. of A novel Ruminococcus gnavus clade enriched in inflammatory bowel disease patients
Additional file 7: Table S6. of A novel Ruminococcus gnavus clade enriched in inflammatory bowel disease patients Open
Gene annotations for the selected R. gnavus IBD-specific genes mentioned in the main text. (XLSX 9 kb)
View article: Additional file 5: Table S5. of A novel Ruminococcus gnavus clade enriched in inflammatory bowel disease patients
Additional file 5: Table S5. of A novel Ruminococcus gnavus clade enriched in inflammatory bowel disease patients Open
Isolation sources for all currently available R. gnavus genomes. Isolate genomes sequenced and assembled in this manuscript are indicated with an asterisk. (XLSX 9 kb)
View article: Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction: a common and overlooked cause of exertional breathlessness
Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction: a common and overlooked cause of exertional breathlessness Open
A commonly-encountered clinical scenario in primary care involves an adolescent or young adult, with no past medical history, presenting with wheeze and breathlessness, occurring in association with exercise.1
However, the differential di…