Bernhard Brümmer
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Targeted Trade Policy Instruments and Climate Change Mitigation: The Case of Environmental Provisions in Trade Agreements Open
This article examines the effect of including environmental provisions (EPs) in preferential trade agreements (PTAs) on climate change mitigation and explores whether these effects vary based on the heterogeneity of the EPs. Our analysis c…
Estimating technical efficiency at farm level when plot-level data are available Open
Ownership of multiple plots by a farmer leads to hierarchical structure of data on production. Researchers use averaging of plot-level technical efficiency scores for computing the farm-level technical efficiency score. With Monte Carlo si…
Do Sustainable Agricultural Practices Boost Production and Technical Efficiency? A Case Study of Coffee Smallholders in Peru Open
Smallholder agriculture remains a cornerstone for economic development and poverty reduction in Latin America. Their transition to sustainable agricultural production is critical in the face of the environmental challenges posed by convent…
View article: On the palm oil-biodiversity trade-off: Environmental performance of smallholder producers
On the palm oil-biodiversity trade-off: Environmental performance of smallholder producers Open
Oil palm remains an important source of rural income in South East Asia. At the same time, Indonesia has become a hotspot for large-scale species extinction and a loss of biodiversity in favor of agricultural production. The present study …
View article: Does it matter how we ship the good apples out? On specific tariffs, transport modes, and agricultural export prices
Does it matter how we ship the good apples out? On specific tariffs, transport modes, and agricultural export prices Open
Free‐on‐board (FOB) export prices for identical products from the same origin often differ across destinations, even when accounting for the trade costs and attributes of the destination country. One explanation for this observed price dif…
Impact and drivers of informal water markets in irrigation regions in India Open
Significant water supply-demand gaps are projected in many regions of India under current scenarios. The government is considering and implementing different measures to support a sustainable water resources management in irrigated agricul…
Measuring and decomposing TFP incorporating environmental components: applications for rice farmers in Hubei Province, China Open
This study is aimed at assessing agricultural and environmental performance and analyzing whether observable productivity changes stem from technologically induced or environmentally induced components. Based on individual farm household d…
Overview of the Macroeconomic Drivers of the Region Open
The ecosystems in Southern Africa are impacted by economic activity and population growth and pressure. There are several macro-economic drivers shaping these economic and population pressures and it is for this reason that this chapter un…
Nontariff measures and production allocation decisions of cereal farmers in Ghana Open
Using exogenous variation in trade shocks, this study examines the association between nontariff measures and cereal production allocation decisions among commercial farmers in Ghana. We study nontariff measures from both an extensive (exp…
Trade development and agricultural productivity change: Evidence from China Open
Since China joined the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in 2001, more Chinese agricultural products have been exported to various countries at low tariff rates. However, the impacts of WTO accession on China's agricultural productivity and t…
Estimation of feed costs and feed efficiency in typical dairy Farms of Bangladeshduring Coronavirus (Covid-19) emergency: implications toward feed support policy Open
Feed cost is the highest cost item to the total costs of dairy farming all over the world including India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Reducing feed costs and increasing feed efficiency-are two promising ways to decrease the cost of milk prod…
A discussion on the outcomes of adopted agricultural technological products and specific sustainable development goals: Evidence from Pakistan Open
Establishing a link between specific sustainable development goals (SDGs) and the outcomes of adopted agricultural technological products is lacking in developing countries. Therefore, this study aims to address food security SDG 02 by ado…
What Drives Africa’s Inability to Comply with EU Standards? Insights from Africa’s Institution and Trade Facilitation Measures Open
Over the years, there have been a significant number of Africa’s food exports rejected at the European Union (EU) borders due to their non-compliance with EU food safety standards. This paper, therefore, provides an in-depth investigation …
To sell, not to sell, or to quit: Exploring milk producers’ approaches after a supply chain disruption in Northwest Cameroon Open
The Northwest is the second largest milk producing region of Cameroon. In Bamenda, the region's capital, the shutdown of the only milk processing plant in mid-2016 and political unrest later that year disrupted its dairy supply chain. Prod…
Technical efficiency and farmland expansion: Evidence from oil palm smallholders in <span>Indonesia</span> Open
This study asks whether innovation in smallholder production reduces or accelerates land expansion. Even though innovation in agriculture has reduced land expansion globally, rebound effects can occur locally and often at the expense of vi…
Sugar market policies in the EU and international sugar trade Open
In the EU, the 2017/18 sugar marketing year (MY) was the first with no production quota and most of the price support gone. The Uruguay round restrictions on sugar exports were also not binding anymore, making the EU a net exporter. In MY2…
HOW DO ADAPTATION OPTIONS TO CLIMATE CHANGE, RISK PREFERENCES AND SOCIAL CAPITAL AFFECT TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF SMALL VINEYARD FARMERS IN CENTRAL CHILE? Open
Climate change can be seen as a shock that decreases the value of economic activities and production functions. Therefore, this study estimates technical efficiency as an integrated approach with risk preferences and social capital for sma…
Do voluntary sustainability standards increase countries' access to cocoa export markets? Open
Large chocolate manufacturers have committed themselves to only using certified cocoa beans and some governments want to increase the share of certified cocoa products consumed in their countries. Thus, Voluntary Sustainability Standards (VS…
View article: The Heterogeneous Effects of Standards on Agricultural Trade Flows
The Heterogeneous Effects of Standards on Agricultural Trade Flows Open
This article uses a theory‐based translog gravity model to investigate the heterogeneous effects of food standards on aggregate agricultural trade. We revisit the ‘standards‐as‐barriers‐to‐trade’ debate with a distinctive twist. In contras…
The uneven spread of Global G.A.P. certification Open
Global G.A.P. compliance has often become a key requirement for farmers to ac- cess high-value global markets. Yet, the global spread of certification is highly un- even among countries. We assess the drivers and dynamics behind these unequ…
Exports and governance: the role of private voluntary agrifood standards Open
The empirical evidence that institutional differences across countries affect bilateral trade is robust. The crucial question remains how countries can enhance trade amid these differences. In this article, we measure the degree to which g…
Does GlobalGAP certification promote agrifood exports? Open
In global agricultural value-chains, private food standards are proliferating. Yet, their trade effects remain poorly understood. This paper assesses the effect of GlobalGAP certification on exports of apples, bananas and grapes. We estima…
The Effects of Diversification Activities on the Technical Efficiency of Organic Farms in Switzerland, Austria, and Southern Germany Open
The diversification of farms can be a result of multifunctional farming, however, in some cases at the cost of lower farm efficiency. In our paper we investigate the influence of para-agricultural diversification on productivity and the te…
Environmental efficiency of smallholder rubber production Open
The economic benefits of Indonesia's rubber production are increasingly questioned because of their associated problematic effects on the environment, such as disturbances of the native ecosystem through alien and invasive organisms and ov…
Exports and governance: the role of private voluntary standards Open
The empirical evidence that institutional differences across countries affect bilateral trade is robust. The crucial question remains how countries can enhance trade amid these differences. In this paper, we measure the degree to which gover…