Natural springs are vital sources of freshwater, particularly in mountainous regions like the Garhwal Himalayas. However, concerns about spring water quality, driven by both natural processes and anthropogenic activities, have prompted the need for systematic water quality assessments. This study examines the drinkability of spring water across six villages within the Takoli Gad watershed, Uttarakhand, by analyzing key physico-chemical parameters such as total electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved solids (TDS), …

The Yamuna Basin, integral to the Ganga Basin, possesses significant hydropower potential due to its extensive river system and pronounced elevation gradient. This paper scrutinises the multifaceted impacts (environmental, social, economic) of hydropower development therein. Applying the DPSIR framework to the Lakhwar and Vyasi projects, the study identifies energy demand and water security as principal drivers, exerting pressures such as forest land diversion, hydrological alterations, and waste generation. Conse…

India's groundwater resources are critical to its agricultural, industrial, and domestic needs, yet their sustainability is increasingly in jeopardy due to over-extraction and pollution. Through a review of various government reports and existing literature, the current status of groundwater resources in India has been provided in this study. This study also provides a historical background of groundwater assessment in India. The study highlights the key challenges India is currently facing in groundwater manageme…