Explanipedia

Contemporaneous Stress in Taiwan: Evidence for Orogen‐Parallel Extension and Lower Crustal Extrusion Open

Olivia Lozano Blanco, Björn Lund, Dennis Brown, Joaquina Álvarez-Marrón, P. Ayarza , et al. · 2025

Syn‐to late‐orogenic extension caused by gravitational collapse is a process that has been documented in most orogens. In this paper, we investigate the contemporaneous stress field in Taiwan to examine syn‐orogenic extensional faulting an…

FENCAT—an update of the Fennoscandian earthquake catalogue Open

Marja Uski, Kati Oinonen, Björn Lund, Heidi Soosalu, Lars Ottemöller , et al. · 2025

SUMMARY The Fennoscandian earthquake catalogue (FENCAT) assembles data on the natural seismicity in Fennoscandia, Northern Europe. We present an updated and standardized version of the catalogue originally published in the early 1990s. New…

Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment of Sweden Open

N. V. Joshi, Björn Lund, Roland Roberts · 2024

Assessing seismic hazard in stable continental regions such as Sweden poses unique challenges compared to active seismic regions. With diffuse seismicity, low seismicity rate, few large-magnitude earthquakes and little strong-motion data, …

A rockslide-generated tsunami in a Greenland fjord rang Earth for 9 days Open

Kristian Svennevig, Stephen Hicks, Thomas Forbriger, Thomas Lecocq, Rudolf Widmer‐Schnidrig , et al. · 2024

Climate change is increasingly predisposing polar regions to large landslides. Tsunamigenic landslides have occurred recently in Greenland ( Kalaallit Nunaat ), but none have been reported from the eastern fjords. In September 2023, we det…

The Fagradalsfjall and Sundhnúkur Fires of 2021–2024: A single magma reservoir under the Reykjanes Peninsula, Iceland? Open

Valentin R. Troll, Frances M. Deegan, T. Thórdarson, Ari Tryggvason, Lukáš Krmíček , et al. · 2024

The Reykjanes Peninsula (RP) hosts several volcanic lineaments that have been periodically active over the last 4000 years. Since 2021, following a ca. 800‐year quiescence, eight eruptions have occurred on the RP, with more expected in the…

Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment of Sweden Open

Björn Lund, N. V. Joshi, Roland Roberts · 2024

Sweden is a low-seismicity, stable continental region where seismic hazard assessment is non-trivial. Diffuse seismicity, low seismicity rate, few large magnitude earthquakes and little strong motion data makes it difficult to estimate rec…

Source analysis of the 2022 Nord Stream and 2023 Balticconnector underwater explosions Open

Andreas Steinberg, Nicolai Gestermann, Lars Ceranna, Gernot Hartmann, Björn Lund , et al. · 2024

On 26 September 2022 two seismic events near the Danish island of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea were detected. The first event with a magnitude Mw 2.3 occurred at 00:03 UTC 40 km east-southeast of Bornholm. The determined location and the ori…

The automatic seismic event bulletin of the Swedish National Seismic Network Open

Michael Roth, Gunnar Eggertsson, Peter Schmidt, Hossein Shomali, Behzad Oskooi , et al. · 2024

The Swedish National Seismic Network (SNSN) currently operates 67 permanent and 13 temporary broadband seismic stations. All stations transmit continuous realtime data to the data centre in Uppsala, and data streams of about 40 stations ar…

Earthquake or blast? Classification of local-distance seismic events in Sweden using fully connected neural networks Open

Gunnar Eggertsson, Björn Lund, Michael Roth, Peter Schmidt · 2024

SUMMARY Distinguishing between different types of seismic events is a task typically performed manually by expert analysts and can thus be both time and resource expensive. Analysts at the Swedish National Seismic Network (SNSN) use four d…

Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment of Sweden Open

N. V. Joshi, Björn Lund, Roland Roberts · 2023

Assessing seismic hazard in stable continental regions (SCR) such as Sweden poses unique challenges compared to active seismic regions. With diffuse seismicity, low seismicity rate, few large magnitude earthquakes and little strong motion …

Evidence of Synorogenic Extension in the Upper-Middle Crust in Central Taiwan Open

Olivia Lozano Blanco, Björn Lund, P. Ayarza, Joaquina Álvarez-Marrón, Dennis Brown , et al. · 2023

The active Taiwan mountain belt is located in a complex geodynamic setting that involves two subduction processes. To the northeast, the Philippine Sea Plate subducts northward beneath the Eurasian Plate at the Ryukyu Trench, while in the …

The Swedish National Seismic Network - Infrastructure, Data Processing and Products Open

Michael Roth, Björn Lund, Gunnar Eggertsson, Peter Schmidt, Hossein Shomali · 2023

In recent years the Swedish National Seismic Network (SNSN) made an increased effort to modernize station and communication equipment, and thereby has significantly improved continuous real-time data availability and data quality. Cu…

Relative locations and moment tensors of the Nord Stream pipeline events Open

Andreas Köhler, Celso Alvizuri, Ben Dando, Bettina Goertz-Allmann, Johannes Schweitzer , et al. · 2023

Two clear seismic events were observed on 26th September 2022 associated with the reported leaks from the Nord Stream 1 (Event 1, NE of Bornholm) and Nord Stream 2 pipelines (Event 2, SE of Bornholm). Arrivals of both events were detected …

The Nord Stream underwater explosions: location, classification and yield estimation Open

Björn Lund, Gunnar Eggertsson, Ari Tryggvason, Peter Schmidt, Michael Roth , et al. · 2023

Soon after midnight on 26 September 2022 the Swedish National Seismic Network, using data from Sweden, Denmark and Germany, automatically detected a seismic event in the Baltic southeast of the Danish island of Bornholm. The event was foll…

Supervised Learning for Automatic Source Type Discrimination of Seismic Events in Sweden Open

Gunnar Eggertsson, Björn Lund, Peter Schmidt, Michael Roth · 2023

Distinguishing small earthquakes from man-made blasts at construction sites, in quarries and in mines is a non-trivial task during automatic event analysis and thus typically requires manual revision. We have developed station-specific cla…

Integrating IMS data in the analysis of the Nord Stream underwater blasts in the Baltic Sea Open

Tine B. Larsen, Peter Voß, Trine Dahl‐Jensen, Nicolai Rinds, Björn Lund , et al. · 2023

On September 26, 2022 the International Monitoring System (IMS) of the CTBTO detected two seismic events near the Danish island of Bornholm as reported in the Reviewed Event Bulletin (REB). In the REB phases include both seismic and infras…

Seismic reflectivity, fracturing and stress field data from the FFC-1 exploratory geothermal project in SW Skåne, Sweden Open

Christopher Juhlin, Mikael Erlström, Björn Lund, Jan‐Erik Rosberg · 2022

Enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) are a potential heat source in many parts of the world, even in locations where the temperature gradient is relatively low. We present here an integrated study of reflection seismic data, borehole logs and…

Glacially Induced Stress Across the Arctic From the Eemian Interglacial to the Present—Implications for Faulting and Methane Seepage Open

Rémi Vachon, Peter Schmidt, Björn Lund, Andreia Plaza‐Faverola, Henry Patton , et al. · 2022

Strong compressive and shear stresses generated by glacial loading and unloading have a direct impact on near‐surface geological processes. Glacial stresses are constantly evolving, creating stress perturbations in the lithosphere that ext…

Comment on se-2021-141 Open

Björn Lund · 2022

Abstract. The understanding of the origins of seismicity in intraplate regions is crucial to better characterize seismic hazards. In formerly glaciated regions such as Fennoscandia North America or the Western Alps, stress…

Seismicity and Sources of Stress in Fennoscandia Open

Søren Gregersen, Conrad Lindholm, Annakaisa Korja, Björn Lund, Marja Uski , et al. · 2021

This chapter investigates the Fennoscandian uplift area since the latest Ice Age and addresses the question if glacial isostatic adjustment may influence current seismicity. The region is in an intraplate area, with stresses caused by the …

Comparing the performance of stacking-based methods for microearthquake location: a case study from the Burträsk fault, northern Sweden Open

Ruth Beckel, Björn Lund, Gunnar Eggertsson, Christopher Juhlin · 2021

SUMMARY Traditional earthquake location relying on first arrival picking is challenging for microseismic events with low signal-to-noise ratio. Over the past years, alternative procedures have been explored based on the idea of migrating t…

Directivity analysis of the 2017 December Kerman earthquakes in Eastern Iran Open

Samar Amini, Roland Roberts, Björn Lund · 2020

A Reappraisal of the Lurøy, Norway, Earthquake of 31 August 1819 Open

Päivi Mäntyniemi, Mathilde B. Sørensen, T. N. Tatevossian, R. E. Tatevossian, Björn Lund · 2020

Archives and libraries were visited to find previously unknown documents testifying to the Lurøy, Norway, earthquake of 31 August 1819 in northernmost continental Europe. The focus here is on Sweden, Finland, and Russia, which are importan…

Regional stress field computation along the West Svalbard margin (Vestnesa ridge): Effect of the glacial isostatic adjustment. Open

Rémi Vachon, Peter Schmidt, Björn Lund, Henry Patton, Stéphane J. Beaussier , et al. · 2020

<p>Release of greenhouse gasses is of major concern when it comes to climate change. Large amount of those gases are released through faults and fractures at the ocean floor, forming pockmarks at the surface. Understanding the format…

Comparing high-sensitivity geophones to fiber-optic DAS technologies in a hard-rock VSP survey Open

Björn Lund, A. Stork, Michael Roth, Ari David, A. Clarke , et al. · 2020

<p>As part of the preparations for a microseismic network on the planned nuclear waste repository in Forsmark, Sweden, we carried out a suite of measurements for site characterisation and instrument testing using geophones and DAS fi…

Significant temporal changes in glacio isostatic adjustment in Iceland during the 1950s to present Open

Halldór Geirsson, Guðmundur Valsson, Benedíkt G. Ófeigsson, Erik Sturkell, Þóra Árnadóttir , et al. · 2020

<p>The two most widespread geodynamic signals in Iceland are caused by glacio isostatic adjustment (GIA; up to 4.5 cm/yr vertical motion) and tectonic plate spreading (approximately 1.9 cm/yr horizontal motion). GPS measurements of c…

The Swedish National Seismic Network Open

Michael Roth, Björn Lund · 2020

<p>The Swedish National Seismic Network (SNSN) is operating 69 broadband stations in a latitude range from about N55.5 to N68.5 deg. The southern and northern parts of Sweden are covered more or less evenly with stations having about…

The influence of inherited continental margin structures on the stress and strain fields of the south-central Taiwan fold-and-thrust belt Open

Cristina Biete, Dennis Brown, Björn Lund, Joaquina Álvarez-Marrón, Yih‐Min Wu , et al. · 2019

SUMMARY In this paper we test whether or not structural and morphological features inherited from the Eurasian continental margin are affecting the contemporary stress and strain fields in south-central Taiwan. Principal stress directions …

Synthetic ground motions to support the Fennoscandian GMPEs. Supporting information – Response spectra dataset in excel format Open

Ludovic Fülöp, Vilho Jussila, Billy Fälth, Peter Voß, Björn Lund · 2019

This dataset has been created in the NKS project: ”Synthetic ground motions to support the Fennoscandian GMPEs”, contract: NKS-R(18)126/5. The data is RotD50 (Boore, 2010, doi: 10.1785/0120090400), pseudo-acceleration response spectra calc…

Synthetic ground motions to support the Fennoscandian GMPEs. Supporting information – Response spectra dataset in excel format Open

Ludovic Fülöp, Vilho Jussila, Billy Fälth, Peter Voß, Björn Lund · 2019

This dataset has been created in the NKS project: ”Synthetic ground motions to support the Fennoscandian GMPEs”, contract: NKS-R(18)126/5. The data is RotD50 (Boore, 2010, doi: 10.1785/0120090400), pseudo-acceleration response spectra calc…

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