Bernard Choi
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View article: ApoE deficiency protects from mRNA vaccine-induced mitochondrial dysfunction at the injection site under metabolic stress
ApoE deficiency protects from mRNA vaccine-induced mitochondrial dysfunction at the injection site under metabolic stress Open
Rationale: The local tissue effects of mRNA vaccination remain incompletely understood. We investigated how SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination impacts injection site tissues in the context of different metabolic states and apolipoprotein E (ApoE)…
View article: Improved temporal speckle contrast model for slow and fast dynamic: effect of temporal correlation among neighboring pixels
Improved temporal speckle contrast model for slow and fast dynamic: effect of temporal correlation among neighboring pixels Open
The proposed model is well-suited for computing temporal contrast in both slow and fast dynamics, rendering it applicable to a wide range of biological and industrial systems.
View article: Advancing Bladder Health Diagnostics: The Potential of Optical Techniques for Noninvasive Assessment of Lower Urinary Tract Disorders
Advancing Bladder Health Diagnostics: The Potential of Optical Techniques for Noninvasive Assessment of Lower Urinary Tract Disorders Open
Purpose: This review evaluates the clinical utility of emerging optical techniques—specifically, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), optical coherence tomography (OCT), photoacoustic imaging (PAI), and fiber-optic sensors (FOSs)—as noninvas…
View article: Cerebrovascular alterations in a mouse model of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease
Cerebrovascular alterations in a mouse model of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease Open
Our findings demonstrate that the -KI mouse model exhibits cerebrovascular alterations that warrant further investigation to uncover the underlying mechanisms. Expanding these studies could enhance our understanding of cerebrovascular a…
View article: Development of cerebral microhemorrhages in a mouse model of hypertension
Development of cerebral microhemorrhages in a mouse model of hypertension Open
Cerebral microhemorrhages (CMH) are the pathological substrate for MRI-demonstrable cerebral microbleeds, which are associated with cognitive impairment and stroke. Aging and hypertension are the main risk factors for CMH. In this study, w…
View article: Abstract DP60: Molecular Mechanisms of Cerebral Microhemorrhage Formation in Chronic Kidney Disease
Abstract DP60: Molecular Mechanisms of Cerebral Microhemorrhage Formation in Chronic Kidney Disease Open
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as an independent risk factor for cerebral microhemorrhages (CMH). We examined molecular mechanisms of CMH formation in mouse models of CKD and hypertension (HTN) using RNA transcriptomi…
View article: Multimodal optical imaging of the oculofacial region using a solid tissue-simulating facial phantom
Multimodal optical imaging of the oculofacial region using a solid tissue-simulating facial phantom Open
We are the first to evaluate the geometric implications of wide-field imaging along the periocular region using a solid tissue-simulating facial phantom. Results suggest that the ITQ, INQ, STQ, and FH of a generalized face have minimal imp…
View article: Optical coherence tomography-measured blood vessel characteristics of port-wine birthmarks by depth: A cross-sectional study
Optical coherence tomography-measured blood vessel characteristics of port-wine birthmarks by depth: A cross-sectional study Open
There is variability in vessel density and diameter within and between PWBs. Individualized treatment planning guided by OCT mapping should be studied further.
View article: Speckle Plethysmograph-Based Blood Pressure Assessment
Speckle Plethysmograph-Based Blood Pressure Assessment Open
Continuous non-invasive blood pressure (CNBP) monitoring is of the utmost importance in detecting and managing hypertension, a leading cause of death in the United States. Extensive research has delved into pioneering methods for predictin…
View article: Semi-automated protocol to quantify and characterize fluorescent three-dimensional vascular images
Semi-automated protocol to quantify and characterize fluorescent three-dimensional vascular images Open
The microvasculature facilitates gas exchange, provides nutrients to cells, and regulates blood flow in response to stimuli. Vascular abnormalities are an indicator of pathology for various conditions, such as compromised vessel integrity …
View article: CDC42 Inhibitors Alter Patterns of Vessel Arborization in Skin and Tumors in vivo
CDC42 Inhibitors Alter Patterns of Vessel Arborization in Skin and Tumors in vivo Open
Tumors that arise in the epidermis must develop a vascular supply to grow beyond a millimeter in depth. This process requires CDC42 GTPases such as CDC42, RhoJ and RhoQ. Despite this dependence on angiogenesis for growth, melanoma tumors a…
View article: Effects of blood type and number concentration on the circulation time of micro-sized erythrocyte-derived optical particles in mice
Effects of blood type and number concentration on the circulation time of micro-sized erythrocyte-derived optical particles in mice Open
Erythrocyte-derived optical microparticles containing near infrared (NIR) dyes such as indocyanine green (ICG) present a promising platform for fluorescence imaging and laser treatment of abnormal vasculature, including port wine birthmark…
View article: Comparison of thrombotic adverse events in patients treated with factor VIII products and emicizumab using the 2018-2022 US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System data
Comparison of thrombotic adverse events in patients treated with factor VIII products and emicizumab using the 2018-2022 US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System data Open
Thrombotic AEs in the United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System data were about 3 times more frequently reported for emicizumab than for FVIII products. More research and efforts in the future are warranted …
View article: Quantifying tissue properties and absolute hemodynamics using coherent spatial imaging
Quantifying tissue properties and absolute hemodynamics using coherent spatial imaging Open
CSI provides affordable and comprehensive hemodynamic information. It can potentially detect dysfunction and improve measurements, such as blood pressure, , and metabolism.
View article: Improved spatial speckle contrast model for tissue blood flow imaging: effects of spatial correlation among neighboring camera pixels
Improved spatial speckle contrast model for tissue blood flow imaging: effects of spatial correlation among neighboring camera pixels Open
We present a spatial correlation model that provides a more accurate measurement of speckle contrast, which should lead to improved accuracy in tissue blood flow measurements. The associated correlation factors only need to be calculated o…
View article: Quantitative hemodynamic imaging: a method to correct the effects of optical properties on laser speckle imaging
Quantitative hemodynamic imaging: a method to correct the effects of optical properties on laser speckle imaging Open
We developed a wide-field QHI system to account for the confounding effects of optical properties on CBF LSI measurements using the information obtained from SFDI.
View article: Intrinsic, widefield optical imaging of hemodynamics in rodent models of Alzheimer’s disease and neurological injury
Intrinsic, widefield optical imaging of hemodynamics in rodent models of Alzheimer’s disease and neurological injury Open
The complex cerebrovascular network is critical to controlling local cerebral blood flow (CBF) and maintaining brain homeostasis. Alzheimer's disease (AD) and neurological injury can result in impaired CBF regulation, blood-brain barrier b…
View article: Semi-automated protocol to quantify and characterize fluorescent three-dimensional vascular images v1
Semi-automated protocol to quantify and characterize fluorescent three-dimensional vascular images v1 Open
The microvasculature facilitates gas exchange, provides nutrients to cells, and regulates blood flow in response to stimuli. Vascular abnormalities are an indicator of pathology for various conditions, such as compromised vessel integrity …
View article: Semi-automated protocol to quantify and characterize fluorescent three-dimensional vascular images
Semi-automated protocol to quantify and characterize fluorescent three-dimensional vascular images Open
The microvasculature facilitates gas exchange, provides nutrients to cells, and regulates blood flow in response to stimuli. Vascular abnormalities are an indicator of pathology for various conditions, such as compromised vessel integrity …
View article: How general anesthetics work: from the perspective of reorganized connections within the brain
How general anesthetics work: from the perspective of reorganized connections within the brain Open
General anesthesia is critical for various procedures and surgeries. Despite the widespread use of anesthetics, their precise mechanisms remain poorly understood. Anesthetics inevitably act on the brain, primarily through the modulation of…
View article: Simple methodology to visualize whole-brain microvasculature in three dimensions
Simple methodology to visualize whole-brain microvasculature in three dimensions Open
Significance: To explore brain architecture and pathology, a consistent and reliable methodology to visualize the three-dimensional cerebral microvasculature is beneficial. Perfusion-based vascular labeling is quick and easily deliverable.…
View article: High-speed quantitative optical imaging of absolute metabolism in the rat cortex
High-speed quantitative optical imaging of absolute metabolism in the rat cortex Open
Significance: Quantitative measures of blood flow and metabolism are essential for improved assessment of brain health and response to ischemic injury. Aim: We demonstrate a multimodal technique for measuring the cerebral metabolic rate of…
View article: Cerebral Blood Flow in Chronic Kidney Disease
Cerebral Blood Flow in Chronic Kidney Disease Open
The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment increases with age and is further exacerbated by chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD is associated with (1) mild cognitive impairment, (2) impaired endothelial function, (3) impaired blood-brain ba…