Explanipedia

#1035 Differential impacts of APRIL and APRIL/BAFF inhibition on immune populations: implications for IgAN treatment and protective immunity Open

Kirk J. Rowley, D. K. Singh, A. W. Roberts, Katherine A Heang, Prashanna Balaji Venkatasubramanian , et al. · 2025

Background and Aims APRIL and BAFF are essential cytokines for B cell and plasma cell development and survival. Inhibition of APRIL or APRIL/BAFF has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of kidney and other immune-mediated dis…

Structure-Activity Relationship Studies Towards Analogues of Pleconaril as Novel Enterovirus-D68 Capsid-Targeting Antivirals Open

David L. Cousins, Ed Griffen, Jessica Stacey, Alpha A. Lee, Yuliya A. Filimonova , et al. · 2025

Non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV) such as enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) that are highly infectious and associated with polio-like neurological complications have caused outbreaks, globally, in recent years. While some clinical and preclinical comp…

Differences in Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Transgenic hACE2-Hamster Founder Lines Open

Scott Gibson, Yanan Liu, Rong Li, Brett L. Hurst, Zhiqiang Fan , et al. · 2024

Animal models that are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and develop clinical signs like human COVID-19 are desired to understand viral pathogenesis and develop effective medical countermeasures. The golden Syrian hamster is important fo…

Discovery of SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PL pro ) inhibitors with efficacy in a murine infection model Open

Michelle R. Garnsey, Matthew C. Robinson, Luong T. Nguyen, Rhonda D. Cardin, Joseph Tillotson , et al. · 2024

Vaccines and first-generation antiviral therapeutics have provided important protection against COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, there remains a need for additional therapeutic optio…

Multi-antigen intranasal vaccine protects against challenge with sarbecoviruses and prevents transmission in hamsters Open

Ankita Leekha, Arash Saeedi, K M Samiur Rahman Sefat, Monish Kumar, Melisa Martinez-Paniagua , et al. · 2024

Immunization programs against SARS-CoV-2 with commercial intramuscular vaccines prevent disease but are less efficient in preventing infections. Mucosal vaccines can provide improved protection against transmission, ideally for different v…

An intranasal nanoparticle STING agonist protects against respiratory viruses in animal models Open

Ankita Leekha, Arash Saeedi, Monish Kumar, K M Samiur Rahman Sefat, Melisa Martinez-Paniagua , et al. · 2024

A Second-Generation Oral SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitor Clinical Candidate for the Treatment of COVID-19 Open

Charlotte Allerton, Joel T. Arcari, Lisa Aschenbrenner, Melissa Avery, Bruce M. Bechle , et al. · 2024

Despite the record-breaking discovery, development and approval of vaccines and antiviral therapeutics such as Paxlovid, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remained the fourth leading cause of death in the world and third highest in the U…

Discovery of SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro) inhibitors with efficacy in a murine infection model Open

Michelle R. Garnsey, Matthew C. Robinson, Luong T. Nguyen, Rhonda D. Cardin, Joseph Tillotson , et al. · 2024

Vaccines and first-generation antiviral therapeutics have provided important protection against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, there remains a need for a…

An Advax-CpG55.2 adjuvanted recombinant hemagglutinin vaccine provides immunity against H7N9 influenza in adult and neonatal mice Open

Yoshikazu Honda‐Okubo, Isaac G. Sakala, Greiciely O. André, E. Bart Tarbet, Brett L. Hurst , et al. · 2023

Meeting report: 36th International Conference on Antiviral Research in Lyon, France – March 13–17, 2023 Open

Jessica R. Spengler, Kara Carter, Leen Delang, David Durantel, Brian B. Gowen , et al. · 2023

Efficacy of an isoxazole-3-carboxamide analog of pleconaril in mouse models of Enterovirus-D68 and Coxsackie B5 Open

Thomas R. Lane, Jianing Fu, Barbara Sherry, E. Bart Tarbet, Brett L. Hurst , et al. · 2023

An Isomer of Galidesivir That Potently Inhibits Influenza Viruses and Members of the Bunyavirales Order Open

Kevin J. Sparrow, Rinu Shrestha, James M. Wood, Keith Clinch, Brett L. Hurst , et al. · 2023

We report for the first time the antiviral activities of two iminovirs (antiviral imino-C-nucleosides) 1 and 2, structurally related to galidesivir (Immucillin A, BCX4430). An iminovir containing the 4-am…

Potent and selective covalent inhibition of the papain-like protease from SARS-CoV-2 Open

Brian Sanders, Suman Pokhrel, Audrey Labbé, Irimpan I. Mathews, Connor J. Cooper , et al. · 2023

Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 activity of targeted kinase inhibitors: Repurposing clinically available drugs for COVID‐19 therapy Open

RuthMabel Boytz, Mikołaj Słabicki, Sita Ramaswamy, J. J. Patten, Charles Zou , et al. · 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) remains a major public health concern, and vaccine unavailability, hesitancy, or failure underscore the need for discovery of efficacious antiviral drug therapies. Numerous approved drugs target protein …

TEMPOL inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication and development of lung disease in the Syrian hamster model Open

Nunziata Maio, Sara Cherry, D. Schultz, Brett L. Hurst, W. Marston Linehan , et al. · 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a worldwide outbreak, known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Alongside vaccines, antiviral therapeutics is an important part of the healthcare response to COVID…

Vandetanib Blocks the Cytokine Storm in SARS-CoV-2-Infected Mice Open

Ana C. Puhl, Giovanni Freitas Gomes, Samara Damasceno, Ethan J. Fritch, James A. Levi , et al. · 2022

The portfolio of SARS-CoV-2 small molecule drugs is currently limited to a handful that are either approved (remdesivir), emergency approved (dexamethasone, baricitinib, paxlovid, and molnupiravir), or in advanced clinical trials. Vandetan…

Programmable antivirals targeting critical conserved viral RNA secondary structures from influenza A virus and SARS-CoV-2 Open

Rachel J. Hagey, Menashe Elazar, Edward A. Pham, Siqi Tian, Lily Ben‐Avi , et al. · 2022

Potent and Selective Covalent Inhibition of the Papain-like Protease from SARS-CoV-2 Open

Brian Sanders, Suman Pokhrel, Audrey Labbé, Irimpan I. Mathews, Connor J. Cooper , et al. · 2022

Direct-acting antivirals are needed to combat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The papain-like protease (PLpro) domain of Nsp3 from SARS-CoV-2 is essentia…

Potent and Selective Covalent Inhibition of the Papain-like Protease from SARS-CoV-2 Open

Brian Sanders, Suman Pokhrel, Audrey Labbé, Irimpan I. Mathews, Connor J. Cooper , et al. · 2022

Direct-acting antivirals are needed to combat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The papain-like protease (PLpro) domain of Nsp3 from SARS-CoV-2 is essentia…

Ending transmission of SARS-CoV-2: sterilizing immunity using an intranasal subunit vaccine Open

Ankita Leekha, Arash Saeedi, Samiur Rahman Sefat, Monish Kumar, Melisa Martinez-Paniagua , et al. · 2022

Immunization programs against SARS-CoV-2 with commercial intramuscular (IM) vaccines prevent disease but not infections. The continued evolution of variants of concern (VOC) like Delta and Omicron has increased infections even in countries…

An intranasal nanoparticle STING agonist has broad protective immunity against respiratory viruses and variants Open

Ankita Leekha, Arash Saeedi, Monish Kumar, Samiur Rahman Sefat, Melisa Martinez-Paniagua , et al. · 2022

Respiratory viral infections, especially Influenza (endemic) or SARS-CoV-2 (pandemic since 2020), cause morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite remarkable progress in the development and deployment of vaccines, they are clearly impacted…

Development of optimized drug-like small molecule inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease for treatment of COVID-19 Open

Hengrui Liu, Sho Iketani, Arie Zask, Nisha Khanizeman, Eva Bednářová , et al. · 2022

Tempol Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Development of Lung Disease in the Syrian Hamster Model Open

Nunziata Maio, Sara Cherry, D. Schultz, Brett L. Hurst, W. Marston Linehan , et al. · 2022

Strain dependent structural effects and in vivo efficacy of enterovirus-D68 inhibitors Open

Thomas R. Lane, Jianing Fu, Barbara Sherry, E. Bart Tarbet, Brett L. Hurst , et al. · 2021

Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) leads to loss of limb control in young children and is likely due to Enterovirus-D68 (EV-D68), for which there is no current treatment. We have developed a lead isoxazole-3-carboxamide analog of pleconaril (115…

Vandetanib Reduces Inflammatory Cytokines and Ameliorates COVID-19 in Infected Mice Open

Ana C. Puhl, Giovanni Freitas Gomes, Samara Damasceno, Ethan J. Fritch, James A. Levi , et al. · 2021

The portfolio of SARS-CoV-2 small molecule drugs is currently limited to a handful that are either approved (remdesivir), emergency approved (dexamethasone, baricitinib) or in advanced clinical trials. We have tested 45 FDA-approved kinase…

An oral SARS-CoV-2 M pro inhibitor clinical candidate for the treatment of COVID-19 Open

Dafydd R. Owen, Charlotte Allerton, Annaliesa S. Anderson, Lisa Aschenbrenner, Melissa Avery , et al. · 2021

Path to another drug against COVID-19 The rapid development of vaccines has been crucial in battling the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. However, access challenges remain, breakthrough infections occur, and emerging variants present increased r…

ProLung™-budesonide Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Reduces Lung Inflammation Open

K.S. Konduri, Ram Pattisapu, Jogi V. Pattisapu, Girija G. Konduri, John Zwetchkenbaum , et al. · 2021

ProLung™-budesonide significantly inhibited viral replication in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells. It localized into type II pneumocytes, decreased lung inflammation, AHR and EPO activity with Mch challenge. This novel drug formulation may…

Visible blue light inhibits infection and replication of SARS-CoV-2 at doses that are well-tolerated by human respiratory tissue Open

Nathan Stasko, Jacob Kocher, Abigail Annas, Ibrahim Henson, Theresa S. Seitz , et al. · 2021

In Vitro and In Vivo Comparison of the Pathogenicity of Four Influenza Virus Strains Open

Brett L. Hurst · 2021

Influenza viruses cause between 3 and 5 million cases of respiratory infection each year and are responsible for between 250 and 500 thousand deaths. There are principally two avenues for the treatment and prevention of influenza. They are…

Machine Learning Models Identify Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Open

Victor O. Gawriljuk, Phyo Phyo Kyaw Zin, Ana C. Puhl, Kimberley M. Zorn, Daniel H. Foil , et al. · 2021

With the rapidly evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, there is an urgent need for the discovery of further treatments for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Drug repurposing is one of the most rapid strategies for addressing this need…

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