Brian D Nicholson
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View article: Systemic complement protein levels as biomarkers of chemoradiotherapy response in anal squamous cell carcinoma
Systemic complement protein levels as biomarkers of chemoradiotherapy response in anal squamous cell carcinoma Open
These findings suggest that dysregulation of the complement system, particularly involving the alternative pathway, may be more prevalent in patients with a poor treatment response. Intact C2 and Factor D may represent potential markers of…
View article: Full BLOOD count TRends for colorectal cAnCer deteCtion (BLOODTRACC): external validation of colorectal cancer prediction models in English primary care
Full BLOOD count TRends for colorectal cAnCer deteCtion (BLOODTRACC): external validation of colorectal cancer prediction models in English primary care Open
Introduction Colorectal cancer has low survival rates when diagnosed late-stage. We previously developed sex-specific dynamic risk prediction models utilising trends in the full blood count (FBC), a blood test commonly performed in primary…
View article: Is now the time to rethink risk thresholds in cancer referral guidelines?
Is now the time to rethink risk thresholds in cancer referral guidelines? Open
View article: Improving outcomeS for Women diagnosed with early breast cancer through adhErence to adjuvant Endocrine Therapy (SWEET): study protocol for a pragmatic randomised control trial of a patient-centred intervention to improve adherence to endocrine therapy in early breast cancer
Improving outcomeS for Women diagnosed with early breast cancer through adhErence to adjuvant Endocrine Therapy (SWEET): study protocol for a pragmatic randomised control trial of a patient-centred intervention to improve adherence to endocrine therapy in early breast cancer Open
Background At least 5 years of adjuvant endocrine therapy substantially reduces risks of recurrence and mortality in oestrogen-receptor positive early breast cancer. However, adherence to endocrine therapy is sub-optimal; poor adherence is…
View article: Figure 2 from Metabolomic Biomarkers in Blood Samples Identify Cancers in a Mixed Population of Patients with Nonspecific Symptoms
Figure 2 from Metabolomic Biomarkers in Blood Samples Identify Cancers in a Mixed Population of Patients with Nonspecific Symptoms Open
A, Mean NMR spectra for samples from unwell patients with either confirmed solid tumor diagnoses (red, n = 17) or confirmed noncancer diagnoses (black, n = 175). B, Difference spectrum showing regions that were …
View article: Figure 5 from Metabolomic Biomarkers in Blood Samples Identify Cancers in a Mixed Population of Patients with Nonspecific Symptoms
Figure 5 from Metabolomic Biomarkers in Blood Samples Identify Cancers in a Mixed Population of Patients with Nonspecific Symptoms Open
Example patient journeys showing how metabolomics and multidisciplinary diagnostic center workup provided different diagnoses.
View article: Table 1 from Metabolomic Biomarkers in Blood Samples Identify Cancers in a Mixed Population of Patients with Nonspecific Symptoms
Table 1 from Metabolomic Biomarkers in Blood Samples Identify Cancers in a Mixed Population of Patients with Nonspecific Symptoms Open
Patient demographics.
View article: Outpatient hospital attendances in people with rheumatoid arthritis during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond: a cohort study in three nations of the UK
Outpatient hospital attendances in people with rheumatoid arthritis during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond: a cohort study in three nations of the UK Open
Objectives We aimed to estimate how rheumatology outpatient hospital attendances have changed since the COVID-19 pandemic and determine demographic characteristics associated with observed changes. Methods Using three primary and secondary…
View article: Prostate specific antigen retesting intervals and trends in England: population based cohort study
Prostate specific antigen retesting intervals and trends in England: population based cohort study Open
Objective To characterise the use of the prostate specific antigen (PSA) test in primary care in England. Design Population based open cohort study. Setting England. Participants 10 235 805 male patients older than 18 years and registered …
View article: Patient characteristics, serious disease diagnoses, and incidental findings in individuals with non-specific symptoms referred to the Suspected CANcer (SCAN) Pathway: a prospective cohort study in England
Patient characteristics, serious disease diagnoses, and incidental findings in individuals with non-specific symptoms referred to the Suspected CANcer (SCAN) Pathway: a prospective cohort study in England Open
View article: Supporting cancer research on real-world data: extracting colorectal cancer status and explicitly written TNM stages from free-text imaging and histopathology reports
Supporting cancer research on real-world data: extracting colorectal cancer status and explicitly written TNM stages from free-text imaging and histopathology reports Open
Objectives The ‘tumour, node, metastasis’ (TNM) classification of colorectal cancer (CRC) predicts prognosis and so is vital to consider in analyses of patterns and outcomes of care when using electronic health records. Unfortunately, it i…
View article: External validation of the COLOFIT colorectal cancer risk prediction model in the Oxford-FIT dataset: the importance of population characteristics and clinically relevant evaluation metrics
External validation of the COLOFIT colorectal cancer risk prediction model in the Oxford-FIT dataset: the importance of population characteristics and clinically relevant evaluation metrics Open
Background A faecal immunochemical test (FIT) result ≥ 10 µg/g is recommended in the UK to triage patients with symptoms of colorectal cancer (CRC) in primary care for urgent cancer investigation. The COLOFIT model combining FIT results wi…
View article: Diagnostic accuracy evaluation of a point-of-care antigen test for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza in UK primary care (RAPTOR-C19)
Diagnostic accuracy evaluation of a point-of-care antigen test for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza in UK primary care (RAPTOR-C19) Open
Objectives To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the Roche SARS-CoV-2 & Flu A/B Rapid Antigen Test at the point of care. Design Prospective diagnostic accuracy study. Setting 17 primary care practices in England. Participants 500 individu…
View article: How well are marginalised groups represented in electronic records? A codelist development project and cross-sectional analysis of UK electronic health records
How well are marginalised groups represented in electronic records? A codelist development project and cross-sectional analysis of UK electronic health records Open
Objectives Primary care electronic health records provide a rich source of information for inequalities research. However, the reliability and validity of the research derived from these records depend on the completeness and resolution of…
View article: Methods utilising routinely collected data for evaluating the effectiveness of population-level public health interventions to improve public awareness of cancer symptoms: protocol for a scoping review
Methods utilising routinely collected data for evaluating the effectiveness of population-level public health interventions to improve public awareness of cancer symptoms: protocol for a scoping review Open
Objective The objective of this review is to understand the types of observational study designs and analyses that have been used to investigate the impact of public health interventions that aim to improve early diagnosis of cancer. Intro…
View article: Guideline of guidelines: a critical appraisal of the evidence for <scp>PSA</scp> retesting intervals
Guideline of guidelines: a critical appraisal of the evidence for <span>PSA</span> retesting intervals Open
Objectives To summarise the recommendations for prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) retesting intervals and to evaluate the evidence cited by each guideline by conducting a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines. Methods We searched…
View article: Characteristics of Optimal Cancer Referrals Made by Primary Care Clinicians: Scoping Review
Characteristics of Optimal Cancer Referrals Made by Primary Care Clinicians: Scoping Review Open
Background In England, over 2 million patients are referred each year on urgent pathways to investigate suspected cancer. The content and quality of referrals have often been audited, but there is no consensus on what should be included in…
View article: Primary care patients presenting with unexpected weight loss in Australian general practices: replication of a diagnostic accuracy study
Primary care patients presenting with unexpected weight loss in Australian general practices: replication of a diagnostic accuracy study Open
Objective We calculate positive predictive values (PPVs) of patients presenting with unexpected weight loss (UWL) being diagnosed with cancer within 6 months, using data from a population of Australian primary care patients to replicate re…
View article: Development of START-EDI guidelines for reporting equality, diversity and inclusion in research: a study protocol
Development of START-EDI guidelines for reporting equality, diversity and inclusion in research: a study protocol Open
Introduction Acknowledging equality, diversity and inclusion (EDI) in research is not only a moral imperative but also an important step in avoiding bias and ensuring generalisability of results. This protocol describes the development of …
View article: Clinical Prediction Models Incorporating Blood Test Trend for Cancer Detection: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Critical Appraisal
Clinical Prediction Models Incorporating Blood Test Trend for Cancer Detection: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Critical Appraisal Open
Background Blood tests used to identify patients at increased risk of undiagnosed cancer are commonly used in isolation, primarily by monitoring whether results fall outside the normal range. Some prediction models incorporate changes over…
View article: Preferences for multi-cancer tests (MCTs) in primary care: discrete choice experiments of general practitioners and the general public in England
Preferences for multi-cancer tests (MCTs) in primary care: discrete choice experiments of general practitioners and the general public in England Open
Background Multi-Cancer tests (MCTs) hold potential to detect cancer across multiple sites and some predict the origin of the cancer signal. Understanding stakeholder preferences for MCTs could help to develop appealing MCTs, encouraging t…
View article: Variations in the Use of Faecal Immunochemical Testing (FIT) in Primary Care in England: A Population-Based Cohort of 531,735 FITs from 495,121 Patients Between 2019 and 2023
Variations in the Use of Faecal Immunochemical Testing (FIT) in Primary Care in England: A Population-Based Cohort of 531,735 FITs from 495,121 Patients Between 2019 and 2023 Open
Rapid increases in FIT testing in primary care show large, persistent variations between English regions, which correlate with the proportion of results meeting the criteria for onward referral. Differences in the population tested and FIT…
View article: Characterising the volume and variation of multiple urgent suspected cancer referrals in England, April 2013–March 2018: a national cohort study
Characterising the volume and variation of multiple urgent suspected cancer referrals in England, April 2013–March 2018: a national cohort study Open
Objectives To establish a methodology to categorise urgent suspected cancer (USC) referrals in England and use these categories to understand individual patient referral patterns by demographic characteristics, financial year and referral …
View article: Cancer inequalities in the United Kingdom and the data used to measure them: a scoping review
Cancer inequalities in the United Kingdom and the data used to measure them: a scoping review Open
View article: Doing ‘detective work’ to find a cancer: how are non-specific symptom pathways for cancer investigation organised, and what are the implications for safety and quality of care? A multisite qualitative approach
Doing ‘detective work’ to find a cancer: how are non-specific symptom pathways for cancer investigation organised, and what are the implications for safety and quality of care? A multisite qualitative approach Open
Background Over the past two decades, the UK has actively developed policies to enhance early cancer diagnosis, particularly for individuals with non-specific cancer symptoms. Non-specific symptom (NSS) pathways were piloted and then imple…
View article: Multimodal cell-free DNA whole-genome TAPS is sensitive and reveals specific cancer signals
Multimodal cell-free DNA whole-genome TAPS is sensitive and reveals specific cancer signals Open
The analysis of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) through minimally invasive liquid biopsies is promising for early multi-cancer detection and monitoring minimal residual disease. Most existing methods focus on targeted deep sequencing, but f…
View article: <scp>COLOFIT</scp> : Development and Internal‐External Validation of Models Using Age, Sex, Faecal Immunochemical and Blood Tests to Optimise Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer in Symptomatic Patients
<span>COLOFIT</span> : Development and Internal‐External Validation of Models Using Age, Sex, Faecal Immunochemical and Blood Tests to Optimise Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer in Symptomatic Patients Open
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the United Kingdom and the second largest cause of cancer death. Aim To develop and validate a model using available information at the time of faecal immunochemical tes…
View article: The Potential Diagnostic Efficiency of Adding MCED Testing to the Investigation of Cancer Symptoms: A Two-Year Follow-Up of SYMPLIFY Study Patients
The Potential Diagnostic Efficiency of Adding MCED Testing to the Investigation of Cancer Symptoms: A Two-Year Follow-Up of SYMPLIFY Study Patients Open
View article: Long-term psychological and neurological outcomes among people with a history of non-malignant meningioma in the UK Biobank cohort
Long-term psychological and neurological outcomes among people with a history of non-malignant meningioma in the UK Biobank cohort Open
Background Meningiomas are among the most common brain tumours in the United Kingdom and incidence is increasing. Up to 90% of meningiomas are Grade 1 (non-malignant) and have high survival. Brain tumour survivors are at risk of psychologi…
View article: Systemic complement protein levels as biomarkers of chemoradiotherapy response in anal squamous cell carcinoma
Systemic complement protein levels as biomarkers of chemoradiotherapy response in anal squamous cell carcinoma Open