Brian Hare
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View article: Biophilia as a temperament trait, not a universal. Testing the Biophilia Reactivity Hypothesis in a population children in the United States and Congo
Biophilia as a temperament trait, not a universal. Testing the Biophilia Reactivity Hypothesis in a population children in the United States and Congo Open
The Biophilia Hypothesis proposes that biophilia is a universal human instinct, yet empirical support remains limited. This study tests the Biophilia Reactivity Hypothesis, which reframes biophilia as a temperament trait—an early-emerging,…
View article: People permanence: pet dogs represent their owners when they disappear
People permanence: pet dogs represent their owners when they disappear Open
We tested pet dogs (Canis familiaris; n=75) for their ability to mentally represent a person who is no longer perceivable. A subject watched and then searched for a person after they hid themselves behind one of two occluders. In the criti…
View article: Does Play After Training Improve a Canine Good Citizenship Skill in Pet Dogs?
Does Play After Training Improve a Canine Good Citizenship Skill in Pet Dogs? Open
A major reason people surrender their dogs or fail to adopt them from shelters is due to concerns regarding the management of behavioral issues. This makes effective training of everyday obedience behaviors crucial to dog welfare. Here, we…
View article: Why are some children across cultures willing to harm the "others"
Why are some children across cultures willing to harm the "others" Open
Harm towards outgroups is pervasive across societies throughout human history and can escalate into extreme violence. It is a long-standing challenge to understand the universal mechanisms of why people across populations seek to harm outg…
View article: Salivary cortisol is an unreliable correlate of serum cortisol in adult pet dogs and assistance dog puppies
Salivary cortisol is an unreliable correlate of serum cortisol in adult pet dogs and assistance dog puppies Open
Cortisol is widely used in mammals as a measure of HPA axis response. To estimate response to an acute stressor, minimize pain and ease sample collection, salivary cortisol has become preferred over serum cortisol across a variety of speci…
View article: The emergence of dehumanization is linked to the development of mind attribution
The emergence of dehumanization is linked to the development of mind attribution Open
Dehumanization is hypothesized to involve denying others a fully human mind. We provide a critical developmental test for the proposed link between dehumanization and theory-of-mind development in 3- to 6-year-olds (total N=247) using a mi…
View article: Longitudinal evidence for the emergence of multiple intelligences in assistance dog puppies
Longitudinal evidence for the emergence of multiple intelligences in assistance dog puppies Open
Cognitive test batteries suggest that adult dogs have different types of cognitive abilities that vary independently. In the current study, we tested puppies repeatedly over a crucial period of development to explore the timing and rate at…
View article: Humanizing animals does not reduce blatant dehumanization by children or adults
Humanizing animals does not reduce blatant dehumanization by children or adults Open
Blatantly likening humans to animals is associated with discrimination and hostility. The power of dehumanizing animal metaphors is thought to lie in the belief that animals are inferior to humans and do not deserve full moral concern. Pre…
View article: ManyDogs 1: A Multi-Lab Replication Study of Dogs’ Pointing Comprehension
ManyDogs 1: A Multi-Lab Replication Study of Dogs’ Pointing Comprehension Open
To promote collaboration across canine science, address replicability issues, and advance open science practices within animal cognition, we have launched the ManyDogs consortium, modeled on similar ManyX projects in other fields. We aimed…
View article: ManyDogs 1: A multi-lab replication study of dogs' pointing comprehension
ManyDogs 1: A multi-lab replication study of dogs' pointing comprehension Open
To promote collaboration across canine science, address replicability issues, and advance open science practices within animal cognition, we have launched the ManyDogs consortium, modeled on similar ManyX projects in other fields. We aimed…
View article: Extrinsic motivators drive children’s cooperation to conserve forests
Extrinsic motivators drive children’s cooperation to conserve forests Open
Forests are essential common-pool resources. It is increasingly critical to nurture a lifelong concern for forest health both locally and globally. Here, in two experiments, we demonstrate that school age children (6-18 yrs. old; N>1000;) …
View article: Total energy expenditure of bottlenose dolphins (<i>Tursiops truncatus</i>) of different ages
Total energy expenditure of bottlenose dolphins (<i>Tursiops truncatus</i>) of different ages Open
Marine mammals are thought to have an energetically expensive lifestyle because endothermy is costly in marine environments. However, measurements of total energy expenditure (TEE; kcal day−1) are available only for a limited number of mar…
View article: Cooperative Communication with Humans Evolved to Emerge Early in Dogs
Cooperative Communication with Humans Evolved to Emerge Early in Dogs Open
While we know that dogs evolved from wolves through a process of domestication, it remains unclear how this process may have affected dog cognitive development. Here we tested dog (N=44) and wolf (N=37) puppies, 5-18 weeks old, on a batter…
View article: Adults and Children Blatantly Dehumanize Outgroups
Adults and Children Blatantly Dehumanize Outgroups Open
Dehumanization is observed in adults across cultures and is thought to motivate the worst forms of human violence. The age of first expression and the degree of socialization required to foster dehumanization remains largely untested. This…
View article: Adults and Children Blatantly Dehumanize Outgroups
Adults and Children Blatantly Dehumanize Outgroups Open
Dehumanization is observed in adults across cultures and is thought to motivate the worst forms of human violence. The age of first expression and the degree of socialization required to foster dehumanization remains largely untested. Here…
View article: Breed Differences in Dog Cognition Associated with Brain-Expressed Genes and Neurological Functions
Breed Differences in Dog Cognition Associated with Brain-Expressed Genes and Neurological Functions Open
Synopsis Given their remarkable phenotypic diversity, dogs present a unique opportunity for investigating the genetic bases of cognitive and behavioral traits. Our previous work demonstrated that genetic relatedness among breeds accounts f…
View article: Do dog breeds differ in pain sensitivity? Veterinarians and the public believe they do
Do dog breeds differ in pain sensitivity? Veterinarians and the public believe they do Open
Humans do not respond to the pain of all humans equally; physical appearance and associated group identity affect how people respond to the pain of others. Here we ask if a similar differential response occurs when humans evaluate differen…
View article: Implicit Measures Help Demonstrate the Value of Conservation Education in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Implicit Measures Help Demonstrate the Value of Conservation Education in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Open
Biodiversity is being lost at unprecedented rates. Limited conservation resources must be prioritized strategically to maximize impact. Here we introduce novel methods to assess a small-scale conservation education program in the Democrati…
View article: Prosociality and a Sociosexual Hypothesis for the Evolution of Same-Sex Attraction in Humans
Prosociality and a Sociosexual Hypothesis for the Evolution of Same-Sex Attraction in Humans Open
Human same-sex sexual attraction (SSSA) has long been considered to be an evolutionary puzzle. The trait is clearly biological: it is widespread and has a strong additive genetic basis, but how SSSA has evolved remains a subject of debate.…
View article: Enhanced Selection of Assistance and Explosive Detection Dogs Using Cognitive Measures
Enhanced Selection of Assistance and Explosive Detection Dogs Using Cognitive Measures Open
Working dogs play a variety of important roles, ranging from assisting individuals with disabilities, to explosive and medical detection work. Despite widespread demand, only a subset of dogs bred and trained for these roles ultimately suc…