Brian K. Kwon
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View article: Reducing Latency and Noise in PPG-Based SpO2 Measurements: A Kalman Filtering Approach Towards Acute Hypoxia Detection
Reducing Latency and Noise in PPG-Based SpO2 Measurements: A Kalman Filtering Approach Towards Acute Hypoxia Detection Open
Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a common tool for monitoring cardiopulmonary health. Relying on absorption or reflectance of light by hemoglobin in the blood, the measured PPG waveform can be analyzed per heart beat using physiological assum…
View article: An implantable system to restore hemodynamic stability after spinal cord injury
An implantable system to restore hemodynamic stability after spinal cord injury Open
View article: A Systematic Review of Current Terminology for Conditions Preceding Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Evidence Synthesis to Inform an AO Spine Expert Opinion Statement
A Systematic Review of Current Terminology for Conditions Preceding Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Evidence Synthesis to Inform an AO Spine Expert Opinion Statement Open
Study Design Systematic review. Objectives The pre-symptomatic state of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy (DCM), wherein degenerative changes and spinal cord compression are seen without clinical findings, is poorly understood and inconsist…
View article: Response to “Proclaim (Best Available) Truth From the Rooftops”: A Community Doc’s Alternate View on Dissemination& Implementation of AO Spine/Praxis’ 2024 Acute Spinal Cord Injury Guidelines
Response to “Proclaim (Best Available) Truth From the Rooftops”: A Community Doc’s Alternate View on Dissemination& Implementation of AO Spine/Praxis’ 2024 Acute Spinal Cord Injury Guidelines Open
View article: Machine learning based clustering identifies five distinct clinical phenotypes and surgical outcomes in degenerative cervical myelopathy: Optimal timing and recovery patterns
Machine learning based clustering identifies five distinct clinical phenotypes and surgical outcomes in degenerative cervical myelopathy: Optimal timing and recovery patterns Open
View article: Long-Term Survival for Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in British Columbia, Canada: A Retrospective Evaluation of 20 Years of Linked Health Care Data
Long-Term Survival for Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in British Columbia, Canada: A Retrospective Evaluation of 20 Years of Linked Health Care Data Open
Patients living with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) have seen many improvements in care and treatment, but life expectancy still falls below the general population. Measuring long-term survival rates and characterizing causes of death…
View article: Epidemiology of Spinal Cord Injury in British Columbia, Canada: 20 Years of Population-Based Administrative Data
Epidemiology of Spinal Cord Injury in British Columbia, Canada: 20 Years of Population-Based Administrative Data Open
Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is a debilitating condition that can have significant effects on physical function and overall quality of life. Mechanisms of injury can vary from major trauma to low-energy falls. There has been a recen…
View article: Optimal Timing in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Ultra-Early Surgical Intervention Within Five Hours
Optimal Timing in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Ultra-Early Surgical Intervention Within Five Hours Open
The optimal timing of surgery for cervical spinal cord injuries (SCI) and its impact on neurological recovery continue to be subjects of debate. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to consolidate and assess the existing evidence …
View article: The Implantable System That Restores Hemodynamic Stability After Spinal Cord Injury
The Implantable System That Restores Hemodynamic Stability After Spinal Cord Injury Open
A spinal cord injury (SCI) causes immediate and sustained hemodynamic instability that threatens neurological recovery and impacts quality of life. Here, we establish the clinical burden of chronic hypotensive complications due to SCI in 1…
View article: Spinal Cord Injuries Secondary to Mountain Biking Accidents — A Cause for National Alarm
Spinal Cord Injuries Secondary to Mountain Biking Accidents — A Cause for National Alarm Open
While much attention in North America has been placed on hockey and other high impact sports as causes of spinal cord injury (SCI), over the past two decades, our Level 1 trauma center has experienced a much higher number of SCI from off-r…
View article: Definition, Frequency and Risk Factors for Intra-Operative Spinal Cord Injury: A Knowledge Synthesis
Definition, Frequency and Risk Factors for Intra-Operative Spinal Cord Injury: A Knowledge Synthesis Open
Study Design Mixed-methods approach. Objectives Intra-operative spinal cord injury (ISCI) is a devastating complication of spinal surgery. Presently, a uniform definition for ISCI does not exist. Consequently, the reported frequency of ISC…
View article: A Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Patients With Acute Spinal Cord Injury: Recommendations on Hemodynamic Management
A Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Patients With Acute Spinal Cord Injury: Recommendations on Hemodynamic Management Open
Study Design Clinical practice guideline development following the GRADE process. Objectives Hemodynamic management is one of the only available treatment options that likely improves neurologic outcomes in patients with acute traumatic sp…
View article: An Overview of the Methodology Used to Develop Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Acute and Intraoperative Spinal Cord Injury
An Overview of the Methodology Used to Develop Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Acute and Intraoperative Spinal Cord Injury Open
Study Design An overview of the methods used to develop clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). Objectives Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) and intraoperative SCI (ISCI) can have devastating physical and psychological consequences for patients …
View article: Interventions to Optimize Spinal Cord Perfusion in Patients With Acute Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: An Updated Systematic Review
Interventions to Optimize Spinal Cord Perfusion in Patients With Acute Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: An Updated Systematic Review Open
Study design Systematic review update. Objectives Interventions that aim to optimize spinal cord perfusion are thought to play an important role in minimizing secondary ischemic damage and improving outcomes in patients with acute traumati…
View article: A Clinical Practice Guideline on the Timing of Surgical Decompression and Hemodynamic Management of Acute Spinal Cord Injury and the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management of Intraoperative Spinal Cord Injury: Introduction, Rationale, and Scope
A Clinical Practice Guideline on the Timing of Surgical Decompression and Hemodynamic Management of Acute Spinal Cord Injury and the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management of Intraoperative Spinal Cord Injury: Introduction, Rationale, and Scope Open
Study Design Protocol for the development of clinical practice guidelines following the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) standards. Objectives Acute SCI or intraoperative SCI (ISCI) can have devas…
View article: A Clinical Practice Guideline for Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Intraoperative Spinal Cord Injury: Recommendations for Use of Intraoperative Neuromonitoring and for the Use of Preoperative and Intraoperative Protocols for Patients Undergoing Spine Surgery
A Clinical Practice Guideline for Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Intraoperative Spinal Cord Injury: Recommendations for Use of Intraoperative Neuromonitoring and for the Use of Preoperative and Intraoperative Protocols for Patients Undergoing Spine Surgery Open
Study Design Development of a clinical practice guideline following the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) process. Objective The objectives of this study were to develop guidelines that outline the …
View article: An Update of a Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Patients With Acute Spinal Cord Injury: Recommendations on the Role and Timing of Decompressive Surgery
An Update of a Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Patients With Acute Spinal Cord Injury: Recommendations on the Role and Timing of Decompressive Surgery Open
Study Design Clinical practice guideline development. Objectives Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in devastating motor, sensory, and autonomic impairment; loss of independence; and reduced quality of life. Preclinical evidence sug…
View article: Accuracy of Intraoperative Neuromonitoring in the Diagnosis of Intraoperative Neurological Decline in the Setting of Spinal Surgery—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Accuracy of Intraoperative Neuromonitoring in the Diagnosis of Intraoperative Neurological Decline in the Setting of Spinal Surgery—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Open
Study Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Objectives In an effort to prevent intraoperative neurological injury during spine surgery, the use of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) has increased significantly in rec…
View article: Timing of Decompressive Surgery in Patients With Acute Spinal Cord Injury: Systematic Review Update
Timing of Decompressive Surgery in Patients With Acute Spinal Cord Injury: Systematic Review Update Open
Study design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Objective Surgical decompression is a cornerstone in the management of patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI); however, the influence of the timing of surgery on neurological reco…
View article: Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management of Intraoperative Spinal Cord Injury in the Setting of Spine Surgery: A Proposed Care Pathway
Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management of Intraoperative Spinal Cord Injury in the Setting of Spine Surgery: A Proposed Care Pathway Open
Study Design This study is a mixed methods approach. Objectives Intraoperative spinal cord injury (ISCI) is a challenging complication in spine surgery. Intra-operative neuromonitoring (IONM) has been developed to detect changes in neural …
View article: The Management of Intraoperative Spinal Cord Injury – A Scoping Review
The Management of Intraoperative Spinal Cord Injury – A Scoping Review Open
Study Design Scoping Review. Objective To review the literature and summarize information on checklists and algorithms for responding to intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) alerts and management of intraoperative spinal cord injuries (IS…
View article: The 2023 AO Spine-Praxis Guidelines in Acute Spinal Cord Injury: What Have We Learned? What Are the Critical Knowledge Gaps and Barriers to Implementation?
The 2023 AO Spine-Praxis Guidelines in Acute Spinal Cord Injury: What Have We Learned? What Are the Critical Knowledge Gaps and Barriers to Implementation? Open
Study Design Narrative summary of the 2023 AO Spine-Praxis clinical practice guidelines for management in acute spinal cord injury (SCI). Objectives The objective of this article is to summarize the key findings of the clinical practice gu…
View article: AO Spine/Praxis Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Acute Spinal Cord Injury: An Introduction to a Focus Issue
AO Spine/Praxis Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Acute Spinal Cord Injury: An Introduction to a Focus Issue Open
Study Design Narrative overview and summary. Objectives The objective of this introductory manuscript is to provide an overview of the effort that was undertaken to establish clinical practice guidelines for a number of important topics in…
View article: Effect of body mass index on survival after spinal cord injury
Effect of body mass index on survival after spinal cord injury Open
Introduction Increased mortality after acute and chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a challenge and mandates a better understanding of the factors contributing to survival in these patients. This study investigated whether body mass …
View article: Under pressure - A historical vignette on surgical timing in traumatic spinal cord injury
Under pressure - A historical vignette on surgical timing in traumatic spinal cord injury Open
View article: P712 Effectiveness of switching from intravenous to subcutaneous infliximab in Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients: A combined analysis of real-world evidence
P712 Effectiveness of switching from intravenous to subcutaneous infliximab in Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients: A combined analysis of real-world evidence Open
Background Since approval, numerous inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients have been treated with subcutaneous (SC) infliximab (IFX), but real-life data based on a large multi-national population of patients switching from intravenous (…
View article: Lateral lumbar interbody fusion at L4-L5 has a low rate of complications in appropriately selected patients when using a standardized surgical technique
Lateral lumbar interbody fusion at L4-L5 has a low rate of complications in appropriately selected patients when using a standardized surgical technique Open
View article: P1015 Subcutaneous infliximab effectively manages clinical outcomes of Inflammatory Bowel Disease independently of various confounding factors
P1015 Subcutaneous infliximab effectively manages clinical outcomes of Inflammatory Bowel Disease independently of various confounding factors Open
Background Since its approval, many inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients have been treated with subcutaneous (SC) infliximab (IFX), but the association of various confounding factors with clinical outcomes is still elusive. Methods Th…
View article: Degenerative Thoracic Myelopathy: A Scoping Review of Epidemiology, Genetics, and Pathogenesis
Degenerative Thoracic Myelopathy: A Scoping Review of Epidemiology, Genetics, and Pathogenesis Open
Study Design Literature Review. Objective Myelopathy affecting the thoracic spinal cord can arise secondary to several aetiologies which have similar presentation and management. Consequently, there are many uncertainties in this area, inc…
View article: Pattern of neurological recovery in persons with an acute cervical spinal cord injury over the first 14 days post injury
Pattern of neurological recovery in persons with an acute cervical spinal cord injury over the first 14 days post injury Open
Introduction Following a traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) it is critical to document the level and severity of injury. Neurological recovery occurs dynamically after injury and a baseline neurological exam offers a snapshot of the patien…